Two new crustose Cladonia species with strepsilin and other new lichens from the Serra de Maracaju, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil Author Aptroot, André Author Souza, Maria Fernanda Author Spielmann, Adriano Afonso Laboratório de Botânica / Liquenologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Avenida Costa e Silva s / n, Bairro Universitário, CEP 79070 - 900, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul (Brazil) andreaptroot @ gmail. com (corresponding author) andreaptroot@gmail.com text Cryptogamie, Mycologie 2021 2021-07-02 20 8 137 148 http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/cryptogamie-mycologie2021v42a8 journal article 10.5252/cryptogamie-mycologie2021v42a8 1776-100X 12214676 Lecanora lichexanthoxylina Aptroot & M.F. Souza , sp. nov. ( Fig. 4 ) MYCOBANK . — MB 83949. DIAGNOSIS . — Lignicolous Lecanora with abundant apothecia with crenulate thalline margin and specially with the presence of lichexanthone. FIG . 2. — Cladonia zebrathallina Aptroot & Spielmann , sp.nov. , holotype: A , habitus; B , pycnidium; C , conidia.Width of pictures: A, 10 mm,B, 250 µm,C, 120 µm. TYPE . — Brazil . Mato Grosso do Sul , Miranda, Salobra, alt. 120 m , 20°10’19”S , 56°30’26”W , on wooden fence post, 26. VI .2020 , A.Aptroot & M.F. Souza 81310 ( holo- , CGMS ; iso- , ABL ). ADDITIONAL MATERIAL EXAMINED . — Brazil . Mato Grosso do Sul : Campo Grande, UCDB campus, on wooden fence post, 13.III.2020 , A.Aptroot & M.F. Souza 80870 ; Naviraí, Fazenda Três Irmãos, on wooden fence post, 28.IX.2019 , A.Aptroot 80311 ( para- , CGMS ). CHEMISTRY . — Thallus and apothecia UV+ yellow, C-, P-, K-. TLC: lichexanthone. ETYMOLOGY . — Named after the lichexanthone content and the occurrence on wood. ECOLOGY AND DISTRIBUTION . — On wooden poles and fences; so far only known from one state in Brazil , but expected to occur in other states and countries. FIG . 3. — Lecanora fluoroxylina Aptroot & M.F.Souza , sp.nov. , isotype,habitus.Width of picture:30 mm. FIG . 4. — Lecanora lichexanthoxylina Aptroot & M.F. Souza , sp. nov. , holotype: A , habitus with UV; B , habitus. Width of pictures: A, 30 mm; B, 10 mm. DESCRIPTION Thallus crustose, lignicolous, greyish white, smooth, mostly obscured by apothecia, without prothallus.Apothecia obscuring most of the thallus, sessile, irregularly angular while crowded, 0.3-0.6 mm diam. Margin of thallus colour, bulbose, crenate to coronate, higher than the disk, c. 0.1 mm wide. Disk pale ochraceous, without pruina. Epihymenium pale brown, without crystals. Hypothecium hyaline. Excipulum with large FIG 5. — Trypethelium muriforme Aptroot & M.F. Souza , sp. nov. : A , holotype , habitus; B , Aptroot & Souza 81453, habitus; C , holotype , ascospore. Width of pictures: A, B, 15 mm ; C, 90 µm. calcium oxalate crystals. Ascospores 8/ascus, 9-11 × 5-6 µm. Pycnidia not observed.