One new genus and nineteen new species of ground spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae) from Iran, with other taxonomic considerations Author Zamani, Alireza A21C0B82-E2D9-4402-9408-D6160843DAF4 Zoological Museum, Biodiversity Unit, University of Turku, FI- 20014, Finland. Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, Dragana, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece. Perm State University, Bukireva Street 15, Perm, 614600, Russia. Institute for Biological Problems of the North RAS, Portovaya Str. 18, Magadan, 685000, Russia. Department of Zoology & Entomology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa. zamani.alireza5@gmail.com Author Chatzaki, Maria 2FBB48ED-84FE-4386-8F47-C958E9F8A2A1 maria.chatzaki@gmail.com Author Esyunin, Sergei L. 2B591857-5FAB-4B7D-B589-6C4977A3A493 Sergei. Sergei.Esyunin@psu.ru Author Marusik, Yuri M. F215BA2C-5072-4CBF-BA1A-5CCBE1626B08 yurmar@mail.ru text European Journal of Taxonomy 2021 2021-06-04 751 1 68 114 http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.751.1381 journal article 6279 10.5852/ejt.2021.751.1381 4e3af683-d8a6-40de-991b-c4584d66b8cc 2118-9773 4906007 1D27EA41-2396-463A-B1B2-0CCF79C9F3D2 Zagrotes apophysalis sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: E8CB0012-A945-45E7-9231-97E024B16661 Figs 24–26 Diagnosis Same as for the genus. Etymology The specific epithet is an adjective and refers to the greatly enlarged retrolateral tibial apophysis of the male palp. Type material Holotype IRAN • ♂ ; Kohgiluyeh & Boyer-Ahmad Province , Seyyed Safi ; May 2017 ; A. Hosseinpour leg.; MHNG . Paratypes IRAN • 1 ♀ ; same collection data as for holotype; MHNG • 1 ♀ ; Hormozgan Province , 75 km N of Bandar Abbas , Siahu ; 27°33′ N , 55°38′ E ; 16 Feb. 2018 ; A. Zamani leg.; MHNG . Description Male Habitus as in Fig. 24A . Total length 4.29. Carapace 1.96 long, 1.38 wide. Eye sizes and interdistance of PMEs: AME = 0.09, ALE = 0.08, PME = 0.09, PLE = 0.07, PME–PME = 0.06. Carapace, chelicerae, maxillae, labium and sternum light brown. Legs the same color as carapace and without annulations. Chelicerae ( Fig. 24E ) with 5 pro- and 2 retromarginal teeth. Abdomen light grayish brown, without any pattern; scutum short, triangular, almost two times as wide as long. Spinnerets light grayish and uniform in color. Measurements of legs: I: 5.60 (1.48, 1.03, 1.23, 1.09, 0.77), II: 4.51 (1.16, 0.87, 0.95, 0.93, 0.60), III: 3.79 (1.06, 0.54, 0.74, 0.88, 0.57), IV: 6.00 (1.53, 0.90, 1.28, 1.52, 0.77). Palp as in Figs 24C–D , 25 . Femur 3 times as long as wide, slightly longer than patella+ tibia, or cymbium; patella modified, longer than tibia, with swollen proximal part; tibia modified, swollen retrolaterally, 2 times wider in the middle than in base, apophysis long, about 4 times as long as wide, deeply bifid, with ventral arm rounded on the tip and dorsal arm spine-like, sharply pointed; cymbium elongated, 2.3 times as long as wide, with cone-shaped tip; tegulum twice as long as wide, with large median apophysis, as long as bulb’s width, apophysis with 2 arms; spermophor U-shaped in ventral view; tegulum with membranous, finger-shaped apophysis near the base of embolus (not easily discernible); embolus filamentous, originating at the middle of the tegulum and encircling it, reaching the retrolateral margin of the cymbium. Fig. 24. Zagrotes apophysalis sp. nov. (A, C–E = holotype, ♂, MHNG; B, F–G = paratype, ♀ from Kohgiluyeh & Boyer-Ahmad Province, MHNG). A–B . Habitus, dorsal view. C–D . Palp, ventral and retrolateral views. E . Chelicerae, posterior view. F–G . Epigyne, ventral and dorsal views. Abbreviation: Ds = digitiform scape. Scale bars: A = 1 mm; B = 0.5 mm; C–D, F–G = 0.1 mm; E = 0.2 mm. Fig. 25. Zagrotes apophysalis sp. nov. , holotype, ♂ (MHNG), palp. A–D . Palp, ventral, retrolateral, dorsal and retrodorsal views. E, H . Bulb, apical view. F–G . Bulb, prolateral and proventral views. I–J . Full palp, dorsolateral and ventral views. Scale bars: 0.2 mm. Female ( paratype , Kohgiluyeh & Boyer-Ahmad Province) Habitus as in Fig. 24B . Total length 5.55. Carapace 2.14 long, 1.46 wide. Eye sizes and interdistance of PMEs: AME = 0.07, ALE = 0.09, PME = 0.09, PLE = 0.06, PME–PME = 0.06. Coloration and somatic features as in male. Measurements of legs: I: 5.87 (1.51, 1.10, 1.33, 1.08, 0.85), II: 4.61 (1.22, 0.76, 1.00, 0.93, 0.70), III: 4.24 (1.15, 0.64, 0.85, 0.94, 0.66), IV: 6.07 (1.58, 0.89, 1.28, 1.53, 0.79). Epigyne as in Figs 24F–G , 26 . Epigynal plate longer than wide; with distinct scape ( Ds ), basal part conical, goffered, tip heavily sclerotized, digitiform; posterior part of atrium with distinct margins and copulatory openings; copulatory ducts long, coiled and ending posteriorly in broad sacs. Distribution Known from the listed localities in Kohgiluyeh & Boyer-Ahmad and Hormozgan Provinces, southwestern and southern Iran .