Review of the Neotropical species of Stauropoctonus Brauns, 1889 (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Ophioninae)
Author
Lima, Alessandro Rodrigues
Author
Jacobi, Claudia Maria
Author
Kumagai, Alice Fumi
text
Zootaxa
2013
3750
5
494
514
journal article
10.11646/zootaxa.3750.5.4
b4bf66f6-1df7-47be-a70c-c11738051622
1175-5326
248911
FB1963BA-7BCE-48A9-8C64-F35FA32CAB67
Stauropoctonus rectus
Lima & Kumagai
sp. n.
(
Figs 2
,
8
A–F, 10A–D)
Type
locality.
Brazil
, Amazonas, Manaus (ZF-2). Geographic coordinates
2°35'21"S
/
60°06'55"W
.
Diagnosis.
Body yellow; scape and pedicel brown, flagellum black; wings hyaline; pterostigma and fore wing vein
Rs+2r
black. Gena in lateral view triangular (
Fig. 8
C). Epicnemial carina absent on mesopleura. Weakly inflated scutellum, in lateral view evenly rounded. Fore wing with vein
Rs+2r
straight (
Fig. 8
D–E); glabrous area of discosubmarginal cell projecting towards
1m-cu
bulla (
Fig. 8
E); marginal cell with a conspicuous pilose proximal region (
Fig. 8
E); vein
cu-a
reaching
M+Cu
opposite of
Rs&M
(
Fig. 8
D–E); vein
3rs-m
longer than
M
(between
2m-cu
and
3rs-m
) (
Fig. 8
D–E).
Description (
Holotype
).
Female. Mandible slender, apically strongly compressed and twisted about 90°; outer tooth acute, as long as inner one; outer mandibular surface with a shallow concavity crossing mandible at basal boundary of compressed area. Labrum 0.2x as long as wide basally. Malar space 0.28x as long as basal mandibular width. Clypeus weakly convex in lateral view, with margin clearly convex; about 1.7x as broad as long. Face alutaceous with setae sparcer centrally. Gena in lateral view triangular (
Fig. 8
C). Lateral ocellus contiguous with eye. FI = 59%. ECI = 0.99. Occipital carina absent. Antenna long and slender with 60 flagellomeres; twentieth flagellomere 1.9x as long as broad.
Mesoscutum polished, densely pilose, evenly rounded in lateral view; without notaulus. Mesopleuron polished, pilose; alutaceous below and smooth above mesopleural furrow, with a conspicuous glabrous region anterior to speculum. Epicnemial carina interrupted centrally on sternum; absent on pleuron. Scutellum smooth and shiny; as long as anterior width; weakly inflated; without lateral carina; in lateral view evenly rounded. Metapleuron weakly convex, alutaceous. Submetapleural carina weakly broadened anteriorly. Posterior transverse carina of mesosternum reduced to lateral vestiges. Propodeum densely pilose, abruptly declivous in lateral view; anterior transverse carina complete, not touching lateral longitudinal carina; posterior transverse carina complete; median longitudinal carina complete; lateromedian longitudinal carina absent; anterior area longitudinally rugose; posterior area weakly rugulose; lateral longitudinal carina complete.
Fore wing length
14.75 mm
; AI = 0.88; CI = 0.37; ICI = 1.62; SDI = 0.93; SRI = 0.40; vein
cu-a
reaching
M+Cu
opposite of
Rs&M
(
Fig. 8
D–E). Discosubmarginal cell (
Fig. 8
E) with a glabrous area anteriorly, from pterostigma to apical third of
Rs+2r
and diagonally projecting towards
1m-cu
bulla;
Rs+2r
slightly thickened basally, virtually straight;
1m-cu
evenly curved, without ramellus. Marginal cell with a conspicuous pilose basal region (
Fig. 8
E).
Hind
wing
R1
with four hamuli;
Rs
with basal half of first abscissa weakly bowed, distal half and second abscissa clearly straight; BCI = 0.50; basal abscissa of
Cu1
1.25x as long as
cu-a
.
Mid leg with equal sized tibial spurs. On hind leg, coxa in lateral view
2x
as long as maximum wide, at middle; fourth tarsomere
3x
as long as broad apically; claws long, bearing close parallel sided pectinae.
Metasoma long and slender. Tergite
2 in
lateral view 3.5x as long as posterior width; laterotergite pendant; thyridium oval, separated from anterior margin by 5.8x its length. Ovipositor straight and slender (
Fig. 8
F); subapical notch with two steps-like sculpture on its apical rim inner surface; with 4 teeth on lower valve apex.
FIGURE 8.
Stauropoctonus rectus
sp. n.
(A–B, D–F: Holotype; C: Paratype) A. Female body, lateral view. B–C. Head. B, frontal view; C, lateral view. D. Wings, dorsal view. E. Discosubmarginal cell in detail, dorsal view. F. Female metasomal apex, lateral view. Scale in millimeters.
FIGURE 9.
Male genitalia of
Stauropoctonus
sp. (A–D): A, ventral view; B, lateral view; C, dorsal view; D, Aedeagus, lateral view.
S. excarinatus
genitalia (E–H): E, ventral view; F, lateral view; G, dorsal view; H, Aedeagus, lateral view.
Stauropoctonus michelle
sp. n.
genitalia (I–L): I, ventral view; J, lateral view; K, dorsal view; L, Aedeagus, lateral view. Gonostipes (Gst.); gonocardo (Gc.); ventral apophysis (Va.); dorsal longitudinal sulcus (Dls.); gonostipital apical indentation (Gai.); gonostipital arm (Gst.A.); gonolacinia (Gl.); distivolsella (Dv.); apical process of aedeagus (Ap.); Aedeagus stem (As.). Scale bar = 0.5mm.
FIGURE 10.
Male genitalia.
Stauropoctonus rectus
sp. n.
(A–D): A, ventral view; B, lateral view; C, dorsal view; D, aedeagus, lateral view.
Stauropoctonus leotacilioi
sp. n.
(E–H): E, ventral view; F, lateral view; G, dorsal view; H, aedeagus, lateral view.
Stauropoctonus amazonensis
sp. n.
(I–L): I, ventral view; J, lateral view; K, dorsal view; L, aedeagus, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.5mm.
Head yellowish. Scape and pedicel brown, flagellum black. Trunk, legs and metasoma basally brown. Mesoscutum with three light brown longitudinal fasciae. Apical half of tergite 3 and posterior tergites infuscate. Wings hyaline, pterostigma and fore wing vein
Rs+2r
black.
Males. Similar to females. Genitalia with gonostipes fused dorso-basally (
Fig. 10
C); gonocardo fused to gonostipes with ventral apophysis; gonostipes with deep dorsal longitudinal sulcus (
Fig. 10
B–C); apical indentation of gonostipes lozenge; gonostipital arm acuminate; gonolacinia with short spines concentrated in a single region; distivolsella spatulate. Aedeagus stem (
Fig. 10
D) is equally thickened along its length; in lateral view, the dorsal surface is straight, while the ventral one is weakly curved. Aedeagus apical process forms a right angle with the stem dorsal line in lateral view; ventral apical edge is curved, while basal edge is strongly angular.
Variation.
Ranges for some features varying among the observed specimens are: FI = 54–62.5%; ECI = 0.95– 1.0; number of flagellomeres = 59–63; fore wing length =
13.5–15.5mm
; AI = 0.71–0.94; CI = 0.29–0.50; ICI = 1.42–1.83; SDI = 0.89–1.0; SRI = 0.36–0.41; BCI = 0.46–0.54; number of hamuli on hind wing
R1
vein = 4–6; basal abscissa of
Cu1
1.25–2.5 times as long as
cu-a
. The pectinae in males’ tarsal claws are shorter than in females.
Comments.
A straight
Rs+2r
vein in the genus is exclusive to
S
.
rectus
sp. n.
. Since the genus description, the curved
Rs+2r
vein has been used as a diagnostic character, and it was also recovered as a synapomorphic feature (Gauld, 1985).
Etymology.
From the Latin
rectus
(in a straight line) after its exclusive straight
Rs+2r
fore wing vein.
Distribution.
Stauropoctonus rectus
sp. n.
is described from Northern
Brazil
: Amazonas state; in the municipalities of Manaus and Presidente Figueiredo.
Material examined.
Holotype
(♀).
BRASIL
, AM, Manaus, ZF-2, km-14, torre,
2°35'21"S
/
60°06'55"W
,
09– 12.xi.2004
. Lençol: luz mista e BLB, 35 mts altura. C.S.Motta, A.S.Filho, S.Trovisco & L.S.Aquino
leg
. [INPA].
Holotype
condition In good condition.
Paratypes
(
5 ♂
)
BRASIL
, Amazonas, Presidente Figueiredo, AM 240, km 24,
2°01'05"S
/
59°49'59"W
,
04– 08.ix.2008
, Lençol com luz mista. F.F.Xavier F°, T.K.Krolow & G.Lourido. [
1 ♂
, INPA]. Manaus, ZF-2, km-14, torre,
2°35'21"S
/
60°06'55"W
:
21–24.i.2004
. Luz mista lençol +BLB+BL,
40m
.
Motta, CS, Trovisco, SF, Xavier FFF, Filho,
AS
. col. [
1 ♂
, INPA];
idem
,
15–18.vi.2004
. Lençol: luz mista e BLB, 40mts altura. J.A.Rafael, C.S.Motta, F.Godoi, S.Trovisco & A.Silva F° [
1 ♂
, INPA];
idem
,
13–16.ix.2004
. Lençol: luz mista e BLB, 35 mts altura. F.F.Xavier F°, A.R.Ururahy, F.Godoi & S.Trovisco [
1 ♂
, INPA];
idem
,
10–13.xii.2004
. Lençol: luz mista e BLB, 35 mts altura. C.S.Motta, A.S.Filho, S.Trovisco & M.Cutrin
leg
[
1 ♂
, INPA].