Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species Author De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M. 06C42876-2925-4007-A19D-053BD0058F25 Laboratório de Coleções Zoológicas, Instituto Butantan - Av. Vital Brazil, 1500, 05503 - 900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. & Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, 321, 05508 - 090, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. luiz.moura.lfm@gmail.com Author Brescovit, Antonio Domingos D5B81D79-AFAE-47B1-8A6E-DAB448A24BCC Laboratório de Coleções Zoológicas, Instituto Butantan - Av. Vital Brazil, 1500, 05503 - 900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. antonio.brescovit@butantan.gov.br text European Journal of Taxonomy 2021 2021-03-31 742 1 77 http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291 journal article 7531 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291 62f9dc57-bade-4fbc-8af7-f92ff107593c 2118-9773 4655404 23424EC3-8440-4C72-AD9E-C1EC3087F7CA The riveti group Diagnosis Males of this group resemble those of the silhavyi group by the apophysis at the base of the embolus, but differ by presenting an apophysis at the base of the embolus that is short and conical ( Fig. 12B–C ); the sperm ducts are ‘U-shaped’ in the male palp when it is not expanded ( Figs 9B , 10C ). The females can be recognized by the short atrium, presenting a septum or not, and copulatory ducts narrow ( Figs 10F–G , 11F , 15F–G ). Fig. 7. A . Arachosia praesignis (Keyserling, 1891) , ♀, abdomen, ventral view (arrow indicating position of tracheal spiracle) (IBSP 87975). B . Aysha prospera Keyserling, 1891 , ♀, abdomen, ventral view (arrow indicating position of tracheal spiracle) (IBSP 19783). C . Arachosia praesignis , epigynal plate, dorsal view (arrow indicates the absence of a hood) (IBSP 87975). D . Patrera fulvastra Simon, 1903 , epigynal plate, dorsal view, (arrow indicates the hood) (MCN 24208). E . Xiruana gracilipes (Keyserling, 1891) , epigynal plate, dorsal view (IBSP 166120). Abbreviations: A = atrium; CO=copulatory opening; H =hood; LL=lateral lobes. Scale bars: D =0.6 mm; C, E=0.25 mm. Fig. 8. A–B, G–K . Tafana silhavyi ( Caporiacco, 1955 ) , ♂ (MNHN 11312). A . Cephalothorax, dorsal view. B . Chelicera, ventral view. G . Claws, tarsus I, prolateral view. H . Claws, tarsus IV, prolateral view. I . Tarsal organ, dorsal view. J . Tricobothrium, dorsal view. K . Slit sensilla, dorsal view. – C–F . Tafana maracay sp. nov. (MNHN 11314), ♀. C . Spinnerets, frontal view. D . Anterior lateral spinneret. E . Posterior median spinneret. F . Posterior lateral spinneret. – L . Tafana pastaza sp. nov. (AMNH), ♂, abdomen, tracheal system, ventral view. Abbreviations: Ac= aciniform gland spigot; ALS =anterior lateral spinnerets; CL=colulus; Ch =character; MaAm =major ampullate gland spigot; MiAm =minor ampullate gland spigot; MTr =median tracheae; PLS=posterior lateral spinnerets; PMS=posterior median spinnerets; Pi =piriform gland spigot; Tp=tartipore; TrSp =tracheal spiracle; 1stB =first bifurcation of median trachea. Scale bars: A=0.5 mm; B=0.3 mm; C =0.2 mm; D–E =0.04 mm; F–G=0.05 mm; H–J =0.01 mm; K =0.02 mm. Included species Tafana riveti Simon 1903 , T. straminea (L. Koch 1866 ) , T. quelchi ( Pocock 1895 ) , T. kunturmarqa sp. nov. , T. humahuaca sp. nov. , T. pastaza sp. nov. , T. nevada sp. nov. , T. huatanay sp. nov. and T. ruizi sp. nov.