Notes on the genera Sinophasma Günther, 1940 and Pachyscia Redtenbacher, 1908 (Phasmatodea: Diapheromeridae: Necrosciinae), with the description of four new species from China Author Ho, George Wai-Chun text Zootaxa 2012 3495 57 72 journal article 10.5281/zenodo.214059 1e7d78a4-8b88-4257-9a31-883ef2b12099 1175-5326 214059 B59FEEBB-A7B2-44C8-8372-087EB5F7A9D8 Key to males of Sinophasma Günther : 1. Cerci non-cylindrical................................................................................. 2. - Cerci cylindrical..................................................................................... 7. 2. Ninth tergum 2 x length of eighth tergum........................................................... S. mirabile - Ninth tergum as long as or 1.5 x length of eighth tergum...................................................... 3. 3. Apices of cerci broadened....................................................................... S. obvium - Apices of cerci pointed................................................................................ 4. 4. Cerci tapering posteriorly.............................................................................. 5. - Cerci furcated....................................................................................... 6. 5. Hind margin of poculum rounded............................................................. S . hainanensis - Hind margin of poculum elongate posteriorly................................................ S. daoyingi sp. nov. 6. Anal segment triangularly emarginated at hind margin, cerci strongly furcated, exterior bifurcation as long as interior bifurca- tion........................................................................... S. guangdongensis sp. nov. - Anal segment shallowly emarginated at hind margin, cerci lightly furcated, exterior bifurcation 2 x length of interior bifurca- tion.................................................................................. S. pseudomirabile 7. Anal segment with one to three spines.................................................................... 8. - Anal segment lacking spine............................................................................. 9. 8. Anal segment with one spine................................................................. S. unispinosum - Anal segment with three spines................................................................ S. trispinosum 9. Ninth tergum helmet-shaped in dorsal view, ninth tergum larger than eighth tergum and larger than anal segment....... 10. - Ninth tergum not helmet-shaped, ninth tergum longer than eighth tergum and larger than anal segment............... 13. 10. Ninth tergum parallel to anal segment................................................................... 11. - Ninth tergum with anal segment vertical................................................................. 12. 11. Femora and anterior portions of alae spotted.......................................................... S. hoenei - Femora and anterior portions of alae not spotted..................................................... S. striatum 12. Anal segment rather broad, apex not furcated...................................................... S. brevipenne - Anal segment rather long, apex furcated.......................................................... S. angulatum 13. Hind margin of eighth tergum widest among the apical three tergites........................................... 14. - Hind margin of ninth tergum widest among the apical three tergites or ninth tergum as wide as eighth tergum.......... 17. 14. Ninth tergum with anal segment at obtuse angle........................................................... 15. - Ninth tergum with anal segment nearly vertical............................................................ 16. 15. Hind margin of anal segment slightly emarginated.................................................. S. curvatum - Hind margin of anal segment triangularly emarginated............................................. S. vietnamense 16. Hind margin of anal segment shallowly cleft...................................................... S. klapperichi - Hind margin of anal segment deeply cleft.......................................................... S. latisectum 17. Ninth tergum with anal segment at obtuse angle........................................................... 18. - Ninth tergum with anal segment at straight angle........................................................... 21. 18. Poculum lacking processes..................................................................... S. truncatum - Poculum with two asymmetrical processes................................................................ 19. 19. Anal segment short, poculum broad.......................................................... S. maculicruralis - Anal segment elongate, poculum with clavate apex......................................................... 20. 20. Apex of poculum not reaching end of abdomen................................................. S. biacuminatum - Apex of poculum reaching end of abdomen........................................................ S. rugicollis 21. Anal segment nearly rectangular, hind margin truncate...................................................... 22. - Anal segment short widely, nearly at straight angle downward................................................ 23. 22. Process of poculum horn-shaped distally............................................................ S. largum - Process of poculum valvular distally............................................................... S. atratum 23. Lateral angles of anal segment square-shaped..................................................... S. bii sp. nov. - Lateral angles of anal segment pointed................................................................... 24. 24. Lateral angles of anal segment flat and broad........................................................ S. furcatum - Lateral angles of anal segment slender and long.................................................... S. jinxiuense