A review of neococcid scale insects (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccomorpha) based on the morphology of the adult males Author Hodgson, Chris text Zootaxa 2020 2020-04-16 4765 1 1 264 journal article 22494 10.11646/zootaxa.4765.1.1 8af5a092-f062-48c7-8d7c-f96ae6282bfa 1175-5334 3774174 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:C442D94C-0EB4-4509-B762-913707214819 LECANODIASPIDIDAE Targioni Tozzetti, 1869 Lecanodiaspis Targioni Tozzetti 1869, 261 . Type species: Lecanodiaspis sardoa Targioni Tozzetti by monotypy. Lecaniodiaspis Targioni Tozzetti ; Signoret 1870, 272 . Misspelling of genus name. Lecanodiaspis Targioni Tozzetti ; Morrison & Morrison 1966, 24 , 105. Subsequent use. Introduction. The family Lecanodiaspididae includes 12 genera and 85 species. The family is found mainly in Africa, India , Asia and Australia on a range of different plant families. Vea and Grimaldi (2016) , in their analysis based on male morphology and molecular analyses, found the Lecanodiaspididae to be sister to the Cerococcidae in a clade with Asterolecaniidae , Kermesidae and Kerriidae . Hodgson & Hardy (2013) , in their phylogenetic study based on adult male morphology, found the Lecanodiaspididae sister to the Asterolecaniidae and Cerococcidae . Adult males of the following Lecanodiaspis species have been described: L. acaciae (Maskell) , L. africana Newstead ( Fig. 76 ), L. anomala Green and L. brabei Brain ( Afifi & Kosztarab 1969 ) ; L. baculifera, Leonardi , L. hodgsoni Howell & Kosztarab , L. rufescens Cockerell and L. varioseta Howell & Kosztarab ( Amin et al . 1976 ) , and L. elytropappi Munting & Giliomee ( Munting & Giliomee 1967 ) ( Fig. 75 ). The following family diagnosis is based on the above nine descriptions. FIGURE 75. Lecanodiaspis elytropappi Munting & Giliomee. Macropterous male. ( Lecanodiaspididae ). (After Munting & Giliomee 1967 ). Where C and D=dorsal and ventral views of head, E=claw, F=third antennal segment, and G=apical antennal segment. Family diagnosis based on adult male morphology ( Figs 75 , 76 ). Body : abdomen with very few body setae, all hs; loculate pores absent; simple pores rare. Head: mid-cranial ridge absent dorsally; ocelli absent ; with only two pairs of simple eyes; ventral simple eyes placed approximately ventral to dorsal simple eyes; gena without polygonal reticulations ; genae with or without a genal tubercle ; postocular ridge close to posterior margin of dorsal eyes; interocular ridge absent ; ocular sclerite mainly without reticulations; postoccipital ridge well developed; antennae short, about half total body length or rather less; antennae 10 segmented; antennal segment X with 3 capitate setae ; both fs and hs present on antennae. Thorax: prosternum with a well-developed transverse ridge but median ridge less well-defined; prothorax without setae; prescutal suture well developed; membranous area of scutum without setae; scutellum with a well-developed, inverted U-shaped, scutellar ridge; postmesospiracular setae absent; basisternum without a median ridge ; basisternum without basisternal setae; lateropleurite large, with an extension from marginal ridge; postnotal apophysis well developed; metasternum with very few metasternal setae; metepisternum not sclerotised, and metepimeron sclerotised; alar setae absent; alar lobe present; hamulohalteres usually present ; legs quite setose, with fs; trochanter and femur fused , trochanter with sensilla in a line; tibial spurs absent or undifferentiated; tarsi 1 segmented ; tarsi with bifurcate setae ; tarsal campaniform pores present; tarsal digitules capitate; claw digitules capitate; claws with a small denticle. Abdomen: dorsal abdominal setae few and hs; ventral abdominal setae few and hs; pleural setae few and hs; tergites mainly absent; glandular pouches absent ; caudal extensions on segments VII absent; caudal extensions on VIII small and rounded; penial sheath elongate, narrow and parallel sided with a blunt apex ; segment IX narrow, only barely differentiated from rest of penial sheath ; basal rod quite long; long setae on penial sheath absent, all setae short.