Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated Author Ota, Renata Rúbia Author Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho Author Graça, Weferson Júnio da Author Pavanelli, Carla Simone text Neotropical Ichthyology 2018 2018-06-11 16 2 1 111 journal article 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094 f68fe85c-2a4c-4625-b684-74f61398d6c2 1982-0224 3678395 Apistogramma commbrae (Regan, 1906) Fig. 33 Body elongate; greatest depth contained 2.6 to 3.0, head depth 3.5 to 4.0 and caudal peduncle depth 6.0 to 7.0 times in SL; head length 2.8 to 3.2 and caudal peduncle length 6.4 to 8.1; snout length 5.5 to 6.2, horizontal orbital diameter 2.4 to 2.7 and least interorbital width 3.9 to 4.2 in HL. Mouth terminal; premaxilla and dentary with 3 or 4 teeth rows anteriorly. Upper lateral line with 5-15, lower lateral line with 6-9 pored scales and longitudinal series with 21 or 22 scales. Transversal series above upper lateral with 2½ or 3 and below lower lateral line with 2½ or 3 scale rows. Dorsal fin with XV-XVII,5-7, pectoral fin with 11 or 12, pelvic fin with I,5 and anal fin with III-IV,4-7 rays ( Kullander, 1982a ). Ground color whitish to yellowish; dark-brown suborbital stripe; dark-brown longitudinal band, from posterior margin of orbit to caudal peduncle, and seven dark-brown transverse bars on flank; darkbrown rounded blotch on caudal-fin base; three or four dark-brown longitudinal abdominal stripes. First two or three spines of dorsal fin, outer margin of pelvic fin and distal margin of anal fin dark-brown. Maximum standard length. 33.0 mm. Biological data. Feeding habit iliophagous and detritivorous ( Pereira et al ., 2012 ). Distribution. Río de la Plata basin. Remarks. Apistogramma commbrae has been captured in the upper rio Paraná floodplain since 2007 by the Nupélia staff. Apistogramma commbrae is a possible nonnative species in the upper rio Paraná basin, and its recent occurrence can be associated with the functioning of the Canal da Piracema (a fish ladder that connects the region downstream from the Itaipu Dam to the region upstream from the dam), or with the aquarium trade.