Taxonomy, ecology and zoogeography of the Recent species of Rhamphostomella Lorenz, 1886 and Mixtoscutella n. gen. (Bryozoa, Cheilostomata)
Author
Grischenko, Andrei V.
gat1971@mail.ru
Author
Gordon, Dennis P.
dennis.gordon@niwa.co.nz
Author
Taylor, Paul D.
p.taylor@nhm.ac.uk
Author
Kuklinski, Piotr
kuki@iopan.gda.pl
Author
Denisenko, Nina V.
ndenisenko@zin.ru
Author
Spencer-Jones, Mary E.
m.spencer-jones@nhm.ac.uk
Author
Ostrovsky, Andrew N.
andrei.ostrovsky@univie.ac.at
text
Zootaxa
2022
2022-05-02
5131
1
1
115
http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5131.1.1
journal article
54924
10.11646/zootaxa.5131.1.1
1daf4875-bf0f-4fb9-b648-459a83357801
1175-5326
6521113
CF550031-D6A9-48A3-A953-A1BD40C72F5E
Genus
Mixtoscutella
n. gen.
Type
species:
Cellepora ovata
Smitt, 1868
, by original designation.
Diagnosis.
Colony encrusting, multiserial, unilaminar.Frontal shield mixed, comprising a much-reduced umbonuloid area beneath suboral avicularium, corresponding externally to suboral avicularium, and extensive, uniformly pseudoporous lepralioid area. Primary orifice with or without lyrula, with condyles. Secondary orifice cormidial, with very low peristome. Suboral adventitious avicularium always present. Large adventitious avicularia present in some species. Ovicell hyperstomial, often becoming less prominent due to secondary calcification overgrowing ooecium; with pseudopores. Mural pore chambers and multiporous septula present. Basal wall fully calcified, without protuberances.
Etymology.
The name refers to the mixed nature of the frontal shield.
Species included.
Mixtoscutella ovata
(
Smitt, 1868a
)
,
M
.
ussowi
(
Kluge, 1908a
)
,
M
.
cancellata
(
Smitt, 1868a
)
,
M
.
harmsworthi
(
Waters, 1900
)
, and
M
.
androsovae
(
Gontar, 1979
)
.
Remarks.
Apart from two species examined in detail (
M
.
ovata
and
M
.
ussowi
) and transferred from
Rhamphostomella
(
Figs 27
,
28
), we illustrate here three other taxa, including two little-known species (
Fig. 29
), that display a combination of characters (mixed frontal shield and suboral avicularium) warranting their placement in
Mixtoscutella
.
Mixtoscutella androsovae
(
Gontar, 1979
)
[=
Smittina androsovae
Gontar, 1979
(p. 244, fig. 4)] is known only from its type locality at
Cape Nerpochka
on the
Pacific
side of
Simushir Island
, middle
Kuril Islands
, from
30 m
depth
(
paratype
,
ZIRAS 2
/43716) (
Fig. 29A–C
)
.
The high-boreal-Arctic species,
M
.
harmsworthi
(
Waters, 1900
)
[=
Schizoporella harmsworthi
Waters, 1900
(p. 65, pl. 9, figs 10–12)], widely distributed in Arctic seas (see
Kluge 1962
for details) has been detected in Avacha Gulf, eastern
Kamchatka
(ZIRAS 52/50568, KIENM Collection, RV
Nazarovsk
, Stn 141,
11 May 1988
,
53°41.0ʹ N
,
160°04.0ʹ E
, depth
75 m
) (
Fig. 29D–F
).
The rarely reported
M
.
cancellata
(Smitt, 1868)
[=
Escharella porifera
forma
cancellata
Smitt, 1868a
(p. 9, 75, pl. 24, figs 40, 41)], originally described from Spitsbergen (see also
Nordgaard 1906
;
Kluge 1962
;
Kuklinski 2002b
), has been documented from Point Barrow,
Alaska
(
Osburn 1953
) and the Chukchi Sea (
Gontar 2010
), and was recently found on the western slope of the
Kamchatka Peninsula
, Sea of Okhotsk (ZIRAS 1/50572, KIENM Collection, RV
Agat
, Stn 1–K–1,
1 June 2008
,
58°00.0ʹ N
,
155°43.0ʹ E
, depth
285 m
) (
Fig. 29G–I
).