Faunistic survey of Hydromedusae (Cnidaria, Medusozoa) from the coast of Paraná State, Southern Brazil Author Nagata, Renato Mitsuo Author Júnior, Miodeli Nogueira Author Haddad, Maria Angélica text Zootaxa 2014 3768 3 291 326 journal article 46353 10.11646/zootaxa.3768.3.3 a21a2d8d-94b7-4b57-bcdd-495c6e5a54dc 1175-5326 252337 D223B938-DB44-4738-AA6D-9C5627B9C7A1 Cirrholovenia tetranema Kramp ( Fig. 14 ) References consulted. Kramp 1959b : 254, fig. 17. Kramp 1961 : 173. Kramp 1968 : 79–80, fig. 214. Goy 1979 : 276, fig. 14. Kubota 1995 : 365–378, figs 2–3 and 6. Bouillon 1999 : 423, fig. 3.84. Tronolone 2001 : 99–102, figs 24 A–C. Bouillon et al. 2004: 134, figs 70 A– C. Xu & Huang 2004 : 111–113, fig. 3. Nogueira 2012 , fig. 8. Material. Municipality of Pontal do Paraná, Balneário de Praia de Leste ( 25º46’32”S – 48º12’15”W ): 24/02/ 1999 — 1 specimen ; ( 25º48’10”S – 48º04’90”W ): 24/03/1999 — 1 specimen . Reference specimens deposited. Dzoo-Cn 247, 1 specimen . World distribution. Indian Ocean; India ( Navas-Pereira & Vannucci 1991 ), Strait of Malacca , and Philippines ( Kramp 1968 ). Pacific Ocean; Japan ( Kubota 1995 ). Mediterranean Sea (Bouillon et al. 2004). Atlantic Ocean; Brazil (see below). Distribution in Brazil . State of Pernambuco ( Goy 1979 ), and from São Paulo to Rio Grande do Sul (Moreira 1970, 1975; Navas-Pereira 1981; Tronolone 2001 ; Nogueira 2012 ; this study). Description. Umbrella nearly hemispherical, as high as broad, 1.8–2.1 mm in umbrellar height. Mesoglea thin, velum narrow. Manubrium small, cruciform, mouth with 4 short and simple lips. Gonads voluminous, cylindrical, along almost whole length of radial canals. 4 wide tentacular bulbs, without rudimentary bulbs. Although previous investigators have reported 4 to 15 marginal cirri per quadrant ( Kramp 1959b , 1968 ; Kubota 1995 ; Bouillon 1999 ; Tronolone, 2001 ), the two specimens analyzed had only 1–2; cirri might have been lost during collection. Four interradial statocysts, or 8–9 adradial ( Kramp 1959b ; Kubota 1995 ). Systematic remarks. Four valid species are in the genus ( Schuchert 2013 ). Cirrholovenia polynema Kramp is the largest (up to 12 mm in diameter), has the largest number of tentacles (32–40), cirri (up to 8 between tentacles), statocysts (2 between tentacles), thick mesoglea, crenulated lips, and wide and square mouth and manubrium in fixed animals ( Kramp 1959b , 1968 ). Cirrholovenia reticulata Xu & Huang 2004 has a thick mesoglea and the exumbrella covered by a net of papillae ( Xu & Huang 2004 ). Our specimens were significantly larger than those previously reported in the literature, which measured about 1.5 mm in diameter ( Kramp 1959b , 1961 ; Tronolone 2001 ; Bouillon et al. 2004). Only Kubota (1995) reported specimens from Japan up to 2.5 mm . Biological data. C. tetranema is rare in Brazil , usually found in small numbers, in shallow waters (Navas- Pereira 1981 ; Tronolone 2001 ) or in estuaries, such as São Francisco do Sul Bay ( Nogueira 2012 ). According to Moreira (1978) the species tolerates low salinities in the laboratory. Kubota (1995) described stages of young medusae, their growth, cnidome, and spawning time of gametes.