Review of Brazilian species of Syneches Walker (Diptera, Hybotidae, Hybotinae), with description of ten new species Author Soares, Matheus M. M. 0000-0002-2355-1441 matheusmmsoares@gmail.com Author Freitas-Silva, Rafael A. P. 0000-0002-7560-4939 rpfreitas.silva@gmail.com Author Ale-Rocha, Rosaly 0000-0001-9874-9770 alerocha@inpa.gov.br text Zootaxa 2021 2021-10-11 5049 1 1 84 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5049.1.1 journal article 3976 10.11646/zootaxa.5049.1.1 5dc17a27-e095-4dc8-b10d-09fc935dbf45 1175-5326 5560580 F9647501-7F6B-4286-AEEE-19B620F697ED Syneches atratus Soares & Ale-Rocha ( Figs 9A–E , 49 ) Syneches atratus Soares & Ale-Rocha, 2018: 636–638 , figs 1–3, 10, 15. Type locality: Bom Jardim , Maranhão , Brazil . Diagnosis. Medium size ( 5.1 mm ) ( Fig. 9A ). Antenna yellow, except postpedicel dark brown on apical 2/3 ( Fig. 9C ), sometimes varying from entirely dark brown to entirely yellow; palpus and palpifer brown ( Fig. 9C ). Prosternum isolated, not fused to proepisternum. Scutum rounded, dark brown, as broad as mesopleuron in lateral view, covered with reddish brown pruinescence ( Fig. 9B ). Hind femur strongly swollen, brown, with a subapical dark yellow ring and 1AV row of spiniform setae inserted in short tubercles ( Fig. 9D ). Wing dark brown; pterostigma long, oval, about 4 x longer than wide, positioned distal to apex of R 1 and not reaching apex of cell r 1 ; cell br as long as cell bm, both longer than cell cua; second section of M 1 2 x longer than crossvein r-m ( Fig. 9E ). Type material examined. HOLOTYPE ♂ ( CZMA ) labelled: “ Brasil , (MA) [ Maranhão ], Bom Jardim , REBIO-Res [ Reserva ] Biol [ Biológica do] Gurupi , Armadilha Malaise ” “ 17–27.i.2010 , F. Limeira de Oliveira , J.T. Câmara & A.A.T. Sousa , cols.” “ HOLOTYPE , Syneches atratus Soares & Ale-Rocha ” [red label] . Holotype condition: good, except for ocellar bristles, right postpedicel, right fore tibia and tarsus broken off; not dissected. Distribution. Brazil ( Ceará , Maranhão , Piauí and Rio Grande do Norte ) ( Fig. 49 ). Syneches atratus is widely distributed throughout Northeast Brazil , occurring in several different biomes (Amazon, Atlantic Forest, Caatinga and Cerrado). Remarks. Syneches atratus differs from all other Brazilian species by the medium size and strong aspect, prosternum isolated, not fused to proepisternum and phallus long, tube-like, lacking lateral flaps and reaching the apex of the epandrial lamella.