A review of the Pachyprotasis pallidistigma species group (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) from China, with descriptions of three new species Author Zhong, Yihai Author Wei, Meicai text Zootaxa 2012 3242 1 38 journal article 10.5281/zenodo.280476 7b224aca-ef29-4b94-853b-5d72a4a4f9be 1175-5326 280476 Key to the species of the Pachyprotasis pallidistigma group Note. Species unknown to the authors are given in brackets []. 1 The entire under side of mesopleuron muddy yellow, without red; mesopleuron sometimes with a small black spot on upper part, or with a black stripe along the frontal seam of mesepimeron............................................... 2 - The upper half of mesopleuron red, lower half white; ventral side of mesepisternum, mesepimeron black. Range. China (Tibet)..........................................................................[ P. pleurochroma Malaise, 1945 ] 2 Hind legs muddy yellow, apex black, outer side of coxa and femur sometimes with complete black stripe, without red; hind tibia black or with complete black stripe; outer side of trochanter without black spot (if outer side of hind trochanter with black spot, hind leg usually have black stripe along the entire outer side) ( Figs 1–2 , 5–34 )................................. 3 - Apex of hind femur, except for the extreme black apex, tibia and tarsomeres red brown; hind tibia without black stripe; outer side of trochanter with black spot ( Figs 3, 4 ). Range. China (Sichuan)............. P. daochengensis Wei & Zhong, 2007 3 Mesoscutellum strongly elevated in lateral view ( Figs 35, 36 )................................................... 4 - Mesoscutellum not strongly elevated in lateral view ( Fig. 37 )................................................... 5 4 Abdominal terga black, hind part of each tergum with a central triangular muddy yellow spot ( Fig. 5 ); frontal seam of mesopleural epimera with black stripe ( Fig. 6 ); temple with a black spot, upper part of the occiput black ( Fig. 59 ). Range. China (Henan).............................................................. P. eleviscutellis Wei & Nie, 1999 - Abdominal terga pale yellow, anterolateral sides of terga 4–8 each with one large black spot ( Fig. 7 ); mesopleuron entirely pale yellow, without black ( Fig. 8 ); temple and occiput entirely pale yellow, without black ( Fig. 60 ). Range. China (Henan).............................................................................. P. flavocapita Wei & Zhong, 2002 5 Punctures on upper part of mesopisternum absent or minute, shallow ( Fig. 38 ), outer side of hind coxa muddy yellow or only with a black stripe ( Figs 3–34 )........................................................................... 6 - Punctures on upper part of mesopisternum rather large and deep ( Fig. 39 ); outer side of hind coxa with two black stripes ( Figs 1–2 ). Range. China (Yunnan)................................................ P. bilineata Zhong & Wei , sp. nov. 6 Abdominal terga quite pale, without black ( Figs 11–18 ) or only tergum 2 with narrow black basal margin, other terga without distinct spot ( Figs 27–30 )............................................................................... 7 - Abdominal terga above black, each tergum with pale hind margin ( Figs 9–10 , 19–26 ), or pale yellow, but each tergum with distinct black spot ( Figs 31–34 )............................................................................ 12 7 Flagellomere 1 as long as or longer than flagellomere 2....................................................... 8 - Flagellomere 1 distinctly shorter than flagellomere 2. Additional characters. Postocellar area as broad as long in the female, rather broader than long, as 5: 4 in the male; all abdominal terga above with large black spots lateral of the middle, in the female, these spots combined forming two large separate longitudinal bands, in the male, with two rows of separate rounded spots, that possibly may be connected (according to Malaise 1945 ). Range. India ................[ P. vittata Forsius, 1931 ] 8 Head with minute and shallow punctures; flagellomere 1 longer than flagellomere 2................................. 9 - Head impunctate; flagellomere 1 subequal to flagellomere 2. Additional characters. Mesopleuron impunctate, abdomen pale, anterior border of terga 1–6 black; hind legs pale, outer apical stripe on metafemur, tibia except inner stripe, tarsus except extreme base black (according to Saini & Kalia 1989 ). Range. India ................ [ P. lachenensis Saini & Kalia, 1989 ] 9 Ground color of mesonotum muddy yellow, middle and lateral lobe each with a large black elliptical spot ( Figs 11 , 13 , 27 , 29 ); the black spot on postocellar area large in both sexes ( Figs 63 , 70, 71 )........................................... 10 - Mesonotum muddy yellow, middle and lateral lobe each with a black liner spot ( Figs 15 , 17 ); the black spot on postocellar area small in female ( Fig. 64 ), but rather large in male ( Fig. 65 ). Range. China (Sichuan, Yunnan, Tibet); India ................................................................................................ P. pallens Malaise, 1945 10 Hind tarsus black, base of each tarsomere maybe with pale brown ventral side in male ( Figs 14 , 28 )................... 11 - Hind tarsus 2–4 and basal half of tarsomere 5 white, sometimes apical 1/3 of tarsomere 3 black ( Fig. 30 ). Range. China (Sichuan)................................................................ P. sichuanensis Zhong & Wei , sp. nov. 11 Middle fovea extended to median ocellus; flagellum ventrally pale yellow in both sexes; base of each serrula distinctly elevated (Fig. 90). Range. China (Sichuan, Yunnan); otherwise northern Eurasia from Japan in the East to Great Britain in the West................................................................... P. nigronotata Kriechbaumer, 1874 - Middle fovea not extended to median ocellus; flagellum ventrally black in female (male unknown); base of each serrula flat (Fig. 95). Range. China (Hubei).......................................... P. shennongjiai Zhong & Wei , sp. nov. 12 Head and thorax sculptured; thorax with punctures.......................................................... 13 - Head smooth, practically without surface sculptures, but frontal area more or less coriaceous; thorax smooth, practically impunctate, when magnified x 45 pronotum and mesepisternum feebly coriaceous. (according to Takeuchi 1956 ). Range. Russia (Kuriles).................................................................... [ P. elegans Takeuchi, 1956 ] 13 Abdominal terga black, each tergum with pale hind margin ( Figs 9–10 , 19–26 ).................................... 14 - Abdominal terga muddy yellow, terga 2–8 each with a black central band ( Figs 31–34 ). Range. China (Sichuan, Yunnan)................................................................................. P . zhoui Wei & Zhong, 2007 14 Body length 7.5–10.5 mm ; hind leg pale without black stripe basally from the middle of femur in female, in male outer side of hind leg maybe with a black stripe along entire length........................................................ 15 - Body length 5.5–6 mm ; hind leg with narrow stripe from the coxa downwards in both sexes (according to Malaise, 1945 ). Range. China (Tibet, Yunnan)....................................................... [ P. a l p i n a Malaise, 1945 ] 15 Abdominal terga at least terga 1–5 with complete pale hind margin ( Figs 9 , 19 , 21, 23 )............................. 16 - Abdominal terga without pale hind margin, but along the middle part each with a row of pale equilateral triangle directed forwards ( Fig. 25 ). Range. China (Sichuan), Myanmar , India ................................. P. s c a l a r i s Malaise, 1945 16 Female ............................................................................................. 17 - Male............................................................................................... 19 17 Postocellar area about 1.25–1.5 times as broad as long ( Figs 66 , 68 )............................................ 18 - Postocellar area 2 times as broad as long ( Fig. 61 ). Range. China (Gansu), Japan , India ..... P. longicornis Jakowlew, 1891 18 Antenna ventrally pale; middle serrulae distinctly protruded, membrane between two serrulae shorter than width of a serrulae (Fig. 92). Range. China (Neimenggu, Gansu, Shaanxi, Ningxia)........................ P. pallidistigma Malaise, 1931 - Antenna ventrally black; middle serrulae oblique, membrane between two serrulae longer than width of a serrulae (Fig. 93). Range. China (Gansu, Henan, Shaanxi, Ningxia, Hubei, Hunan)............................. P. qinlingica Wei, 1998 19 Posterior part of each abdominal tergum with a broad triangular muddy yellow spot, anterior part reached to middle part of each tergum ( Fig. 21 ); mesopleuron entirely muddy yellow without black ( Fig. 22 ); penis valve as in Fig. 105 ......................................................................................... P. pallidistigma Malaise, 1931 - Posterior part of each abdominal tergum with a rather narrow triangular muddy yellow spot, anterior part not reached to middle part of each tergum ( Fig. 9 ); mesopleural epimera with a black stripe along the frontal seam ( Fig. 10 ); penis valve as in Fig. 102 ........................................................................ P. longicornis Jakowlew, 1891