Revision of the Hawaiian endemic leaf-mining moth genus Philodoria Walsingham (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae): its conservation status, host plants and descriptions of thirteen new species Author Kobayashi, Shigeki 0000-0002-1336-4730 crossroad1994@hotmail.co.jp Author Johns, Chris A. 0000-0002-1749-3847 Author Kawahara, Akito Y. 0000-0002-1749-3847 text Zootaxa 2021 2021-03-17 4944 1 1 175 journal article 7393 10.11646/zootaxa.4944.1.1 8adfa0f6-06a7-44b5-a3be-351d0bdc7a62 1175-5326 4681813 380D2F75-D4F9-4974-97E2-25E0C62CB3B0 Philodoria sp. 3 of Johns et al . (2018) Philodoria sp. 3; Johns et al . (2018) : fig. 2. Material examined. 3 pupae , Blue Hole , Kauai , 24.vii.2015 (stored in RNAlater solution), C.A. Johns leg., host: Tonchardia latifolia , 10.vi.2015 , CJ494a–c, specimens in FLMNH . Adult. Unknown. Distribution. Kauai. Host plants. Urticaceae : Touchardia latifolia Gaudich. Biology. Unknown. Parasitoids. Scelionidae ? ( Fig. 107 ). Remarks. We have observed Philodoria leaf mines on Touchardia on Kauai at Blue Hole, but were unable to rear any adults. However, five pupae that failed to eclose were sequenced in the molecular analyses of Johns et al . (2018) and genetically distinct from Maui P. touchardiella . Therefore, we recognize “ Philodoria sp. 3” of Johns et al . (2018) as a unique species but do not assign a name here because a morphological adult specimen does not exist. Future studies should revisit the Blue Hole on Kauai and rear an adult from a mine on Touchardia latifolia and compare its pupae to the eight pupae that were studied here.