Exochorion in the tribe Nymphalini (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae): the genus Hypanartia Hübner, [1821] and comparison with related genera Author Llorente-Bousquets, Jorge Museo de Zoología (Entomología), Departamento de Biología Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, 04510, CDMX, México & llorentebousquets @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0876 - 5333 llorentebousquets@gmail.com Author Nieves-Uribe, Sandra Museo de Zoología (Entomología), Departamento de Biología Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, 04510, CDMX, México & Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Unidad de Posgrado de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Edificio D, 1 ° Piso, Circuito de Posgrados, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, CDMX, México & s. nieves. uribe @ outlook. com (corresponding author); https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6497 - 9639 s.nieves.uribe@outlook.com Author Flores-Gallardo, Adrián Museo de Zoología (Entomología), Departamento de Biología Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, 04510, CDMX, México & Posgrado en Filosofía de la Ciencia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México & emileusher @ hotmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3144 - 163 X emileusher@hotmail.com text Zootaxa 2023 2023-08-15 5330 2 151 200 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5330.2.1 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.5330.2.1 2677cbb9-3c7c-4b6b-8467-8745206bbaa2 1175-5326 8253638 35E732D1-4ABB-42C7-A792-B01FADF3AEEA Hypanartia godmanii ( Plates 10 , 11 ) (n=20). The chorion is 764 µm long and 805 µm wide; the length/width ratio is 0.94 and the width/length ratio is 1.05. The equatorial third exhibits the greatest amplitude, decreasing towards the apex. The base is slightly narrower than the equator and about 1.5 times as broad as the apical portion. The egg is semi-spherical with a convex base and apex ( Plates 10 , 11 , Figs. A). The chorion has between 11 and 12 ridges made up of colonnades with beams, distributed from the edge of the perimicropylar region to the base ( Plate 10 , Fig. A-i, Plate 11 , Fig. A). The most apical columns are more extended, longer, and more conspicuous ( Plate 10 , Fig. A-ii, Plate 11 , Figs. A, B). There are between 23 and 27 columns per ridge; only the plinths of the most apical columns stand out slightly outside the rail, giving the appearance of ‘ribs’ in parts of the apical third ( Plate 11 , Fig. A). The rail is very subtle ( Plate 11 , Fig. B) and less conspicuous than in H. lethe ( Plate 9 , Fig. B). The capitals of the columns are joined by a beam that is sinuous at the apical region and straighter from the equatorial third ( Plate 11 , Fig. B), with slight depressions around the aeropyles, numbering from 27 to 32 along the ridge ( Plate 11 , Fig. A). Ribs are recorded only at the poles, two to three at the apex ( Plate 10 , Figs A, B-iii, Plate 11 , Fig. A) and seven to ten at the base ( Plate 10 , Fig. A -iv, Plate 10 , Figs A, C); the ribless parts of the chorion have a smooth texture ( Plate 11 , Figs. A, B). At the intercolumn, there is a thin, translucent, smooth, and fragile intercolumnar wall, especially between the most conspicuous apical columns ( Plate 10 , Fig. A-v, Plate 11 , Fig. B). The columns become shorter until the basal one-fourth ( Plates 10 , 11 , Figs. A), where they remain a constant size, but are indistinguishable from the intercolumnar wall ( Plates 11 , Figs. A, C). From the prebasal zone, an incipient rough texture can be distinguished between the ribs, which is maintained at the base ( Plate 9 , Fig. C). In apical view, vestigial ‘ribs’ are seen more clearly, coinciding with the projections of the plinths ( Plate 10 , Fig. B; Plate 11 , Fig. D). The intercolumnar wall projects into the transition zone shortly after the most apical rib ( Plate 10 , Fig. B-vi, Plate 11 , Fig. D). The aeropyles between the apical ribs have a slightly wider opening than the rest ( Plate 11 , Fig. D). The three zones that can be distinguished in apical view—micropylar, perimicropylar, and transitional—present an incipient rough texture ( Plate 11 , Figs. D–F). The perimicropylar region exhibits an irregular wreath of 17 well-defined four- to six-sided leaves, all in two irregular semi-rings; the walls are fragile and, if they are absent, can be seen as a relief on the wreath ( Plate 11 , Fig. E). In the leaves closest to the transition zone there are small projections at their vertices, without these confirming a polygon ( Plate 11 , Fig. E). The micropylar rosette comprises seven pentagonal or hexagonal petals with straight sides well anchored to the central polygon and with sharp vertices. A pair of leaves of the wreath are near the petals, but not anchored to the central polygon (see Plate 13 , Fig. F). Four micropylar openings are present and coincide with the vertices of the rhomboidal central polygon, which is at the same visual level as the petals (see Plate 13 , Fig. F). The outer walls of the petals are slightly thicker than the lateral ones. Color N 00 A 30 M 00 .