Phylogeny and revision of Leucaltis and Leucettusa (Porifera: Calcarea), with new classification proposals and description of a new type of aquiferous system Author Lopes, Matheus Vieira Author Klautau, Michelle text Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 2023 2023-07-31 198 691 746 journal article 54778 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad008 e725dafd-ea73-4b9d-ac7f-452e3052bf29 0024-4082 7894159 5945BCC4-C3CB-4370-8ED8-632D8C6F1B15 ROWELLA TUBULOSA ( DENDY , 1924 ) COMB . NOV . ( FIGS 26 , 27 ; TABLE 14 ) Synonyms and citations: Leucettusa tubulosa – Dendy, 1924: 476 ; Burton, 1963: 50 ; Kelly et al. , 2009: 45 ; Kelly, 2018: 20 . Type specimen: One lectotype ( BMNH 1923.10.1.2) and two paralectotypes ( BMNH 1923.10.1.3-4) . Type locality: Near Three Kings Islands , New Zealand ( 34°24ʹ S , 172°06ʹ E ). Three Kings–North Cape MEOW ecoregion . Description: Sponge body tubular, cylindrical to vase-shaped and ramified at the base. The types are dark brown to black in the outer region because of the fixation with osmium tetroxide. Internally, the sponge is beige ( Fig. 26A, B ). Incompressible and rough to the touch. Outer surface smooth ( Fig. 26C, D ). Atrial surface hispid due to the apical actines of the tetractines ( Fig. 26E ). One osculum is present at the end of each tube. They are simple circular apertures or slits without membrane ( Fig. 26B ). The body wall is thick ( Fig. 26C ). The atrial cavity is spacious and the excurrent canals are evident. Aquiferous system leuconoid with spherical to subspherical choanocyte chambers ( Fig. 26E ). Granular cells are distributed all over the body, more frequently in the cortical and atrial surfaces ( Fig. 26F ). Figure 26. RoƜella tubulosa comb. nov. A, preserved lectotype (BMNH 1923.10.1.2). B, preserved paralectotype (BMNH 1923.10.1.4). C, cross section of the paralectotype. D, tangential section of the cortical surface of the paralectotype. E, detail of the choanosomal region and the hispid atrial surface. F, tangential section of the atrial surface. Large cortical tetractine on the back. Abbreviations: at, atrial surface; cc, choanocyte chamber; cx, cortical surface. Skeleton: Cortical skeleton well developed, although not as thick as the choanosome ( Fig. 26C ). It is comprised of several layers of tangential triactines and tetractines ( Fig. 26 C-D). Choanosomal skeleton comprised of pygmy triactines and tetractines, mostly present around canals. Large cortical spicules can also be found in the choanosome ( Fig. 26C ). Pygmy spicules are also present in the atrium, lying tangentially, with tetractines being more abundant and projecting their apical actine into the atrial cavity ( Fig. 26E–F ).