Taxonomic review of Ceratozamia (Zamiaceae) in the Sierra Madre Oriental, Mexico Author Martinez-Dominguez, Lili Laboratorio de Taxonomia Integrativa, Instituto de Investigaciones Biologicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, 91190, Veracruz, Mexico & Centro de Investigaciones Tropicales, Universidad Veracruzana, Jose Maria Morelos 44, Zona Centro, Xalapa, 91000, Veracruz, Mexico Author Nicolalde-Morejon, Fernando https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1423-7474 Laboratorio de Taxonomia Integrativa, Instituto de Investigaciones Biologicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, 91190, Veracruz, Mexico f_nicolalde@yahoo.com Author Vergara-Silva, Francisco Laboratorio de Sistematica Molecular (Jardin Botanico), Instituto de Biologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, 3 er Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacan 04510, Mexico, D. F., Mexico Author Stevenson, Dennis Wm. The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, Nueva York, 10458 - 5120, USA text PhytoKeys 2018 2018-06-21 100 91 124 http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.100.23152 journal article http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.100.23152 1314-2003-100-91 117AFFB5FFE90945FB26EE02FF92FFA4 1300062 8. Ceratozamia latifolia Hort. Belg. ex Miq. Tijdschr. Wis-Natuurk. Wetensch. Eerste Kl. Kon. Ned. Inst. Wetensch. 1 (4): 206. 1848. Figures 3A , 5A , 10 Type . MEXICO . San Luis Potosi : 20 Jul. 1983 , ( neotype , designated by Stevenson and Sabato 1986 , Stevenson 565 E (NY); isoneotypes: MEXU) . Ceratozamia mexicana var. latifolia (Miquel) Schuster. Pflanzenr. 99:131. 1932. Type : Based on Ceratozamia latifolia Miq. Ceratozamia microstrobila Vovides & Rees. Madrono , 30: 9-42. 1983. Type : MEXICO . San Luis Potosi ́, Ciudad del Maiz , 7 Nov. 1974 , J. Rees 1613 ( holotype : XAL) . Description. Stem semihypogeous, erect, 5-15 cm in length, 10-25 cm in diameter. Cataphylls persistent, densely tomentose at emergence, reddish-brown and partially tomentose at maturity, triangular, apex acuminate, 1.5-3 x 2-4 cm at base. Leaves 1-8, descending, 53-163.5 cm, reddish-brown at emergence, whitish-grey pubescence, glabrous at maturity. Petiole terete, straight, 25-80 cm, generally unarmed, greenish- brown in adult leaves. Rachis terete, straight, 25-110 cm, unarmed, greenish-brown in adult leaves. Leaflets 7-22, oblong, mostly planar, basally falcate, papyraceous, flat, opposite to subopposite, plane, green, adaxial and abaxial side glabrous, acuminate apex, asymmetric apex, attenuate at base, with conspicuous and indistinct veins; median leaflets 12-28 x 2.3-5.1 cm, 1.7-12.5 cm between leaflets; articulations brown, 0.4-1.1 cm wide. Polliniferous strobilus solitary, cylindrical, erect, 10.5-20 cm in length, 2.1-2.5 cm in diameter, greenish-yellow with reddish-brown pubescence at emergence, reddish-brown at maturity; peduncle tomentose, reddish-brown to brown, 5-11 cm in length, 0.9-1.2 cm in diameter; microsporophylls 0.5-1 x 0.6-1.1 cm, non-recurved distal face. Ovuliferous strobilus solitary, globose, erect, 7.5-16 cm in length, 5.5-7 cm in diameter, light green at emergence with brown trichomes, greyish-light brown with brown trichomes at maturity, apiculate apex; peduncle tomentose, brown, 4-13.5 cm in length, 1.5-1.8 cm in diameter; megasporophylls 24-56, 1.2-2 x 1.7-2.5 cm, prominent distal face, obtuse angle between horns. Seeds ovoid, sarcotesta whitish-red when immature, light brown at maturity, 1.5-2 cm in length, 1.2-1.5 cm in diameter. Distribution and habitat. This species is distributed widely in San Luis Potosi and southeast of Queretaro mountain region, between 600-1,100 m elevation (Fig. 9 ). The vegetation type of its habitat is pine-oak forest and cloud forest. Etymology. The specific epithet is derived from the Latin word for wide leaf (latus=wide and folium=leaf). Distinguishing features. Leaves reddish-brown at emergence, petiole generally unarmed, leaflets oblong, mostly planar, not basally falcate and papyraceous with asymmetric apex; ovulate strobilus greyish-light brown with brown trichomes at maturity, apiculate apex, prominent distal face and obtuse angle between horns (Fig. 5A ). Figure 5. Shapes of ovuliferous strobili. A Ceratozamia latifolia B C. decumbens C C. zaragozae . Specimens examined. MEXICO . San Luis Potosi : Ciudad del Maiz , H. Puig 3420 (P), J. Rees 1613 (MO, XAL), S. Avendano 5320 (MEXU), S. Sabato et al. 2340 (MEXU, MO); El Naranjo, D. W. Stevenson 567 (XAL), F. Nicolalde-Morejon et al. 2375-2389 (CIB), L. Martinez-Dominguez et al. 894-909 (CIB), T. W. Walters TW-2001-08 , TW-2001-10 (MEXU, XAL); Rayon , A. P. Vovides et al. 1466 (XAL), D . W. Stevenson 1117 (NY), 565 A (MEXU), 565 B,C,E (MEXU, XAL), F. Medellin L. 1330 (MEXU), 27252 (ENCB), S. Avendano 5282 (MEXU); Tamasopo, A. P. Vovides et al. 1465 (MEXU, XAL), F. Medellin L. 27241 (ENCB), F. Medellin L. s/n (MEXU), F. Nicolalde-Morejon et al. 2320-2348 (CIB), L. Martinez-Dominguez et al. 811-844 (CIB). Taxonomic comments. As circumscribed here, Ceratozamia latifolia has been addressed in different ways, implying disagreements with the original Miquel (1848) description and, at the same time, bearing a relationship to the limits of C. mexicana . Several years after its original description, C. latifolia was considered doubtful (De Candolle 1864-1868); Miquel (1868 - 1869a , b ) placed it in synonymy and as part of C. mexicana . On the other hand, Regel (1876a) considered it as a synonym of C. miqueliana , although ten years later Thiselton-Dyer (1884) recognised it as a species. However, Schuster (1983) transferred this binomial to the category of variety under the epithet C. mexicana var. latifolia , a status maintained until the work of Vovides et al. (1983) . In our treatment, this binomial is recognised as a species, rendering it incongruent with C. mexicana var. latifolia sensu Vovides et al. (1983) . This decision stems from the typification by Stevenson and Sabato (1986) , where a neotype specimen geographically located in San Luis Potosi was designated to validate the binomial. In addition, we consider that C. microstrobila is part of C. latifolia , due to the absence of morphological and molecular evidence to recognise the former as a distinct species.