Taxonomic revision of the endemic Cameroonian freshwater crab genus Louisea Cumberlidge, 1994 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura, Potamonautidae), with descriptions of two new species from Nkongsamba and Yabassi
Author
Mvogo Ndongo, Pierre A.
Author
von Rintelen, Thomas
Author
Cumberlidge, Neil
text
ZooKeys
2019
881
135
164
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.881.36744
journal article
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.881.36744
1313-2970-881-135
B058CA156A3D41A19ADFD00384234D8E
16F69FEA95835AE5BF6B9C34F83E49D7
Genus
Louisea Cumberlidge, 1994
Globonautes
Bott 1959
: 995, pl. 1, figs 1-6; 1969: 359; 1970: 23.
Louisea
Cumberlidge 1994
: 123;
1999
: 226;
Ng et al. 2008
: 169 (list).
Type species.
Globonautes macropus edeaensis
Bott, 1969, by original designation; gender feminine.
Diagnosis.
Amended from
Cumberlidge (1994
,
1999
). Carapace ovoid, high (CH/FW 1.28-2.12,
N
= 57) with faint urogastric groove (
Figs 2
a-d
,
3
a-d
). Postfrontal crest detectable (either prominent or faint), but meeting anterolateral margins of carapace (
Fig. 7
a-d
). Exorbital, intermediate teeth small, but detectable; epibranchial tooth minute, almost undetectable (
Figs 4
,
7
a-d
). Medial inferior margin of merus of cheliped with large jagged tooth one-third from distal margin, followed by numerous distinct smaller teeth decreasing in size proximally (
Fig. 9
a-d
). Third maxilliped exopod completely lacking flagellum; third maxilliped ischium with vertical groove (
Fig. 14
a-d
). Mandibular palp 2 segmented; terminal segment (TS) bilobed, with large anterior lobe (0.5-0.8
x
TS length) (
Fig. 15
a-d
). G1 highly stout, distinctly sinuous; terminal article (TA) short, about one quarter length of subterminal segment (SS) (TA/SS 0.22-0.29), directed outwards at 45° angle to longitudinal axis of G1; SS, inverted funnel-shaped, proximally distinctly broad, abruptly narrow, slim, distal two-thirds tube-like; G1SS stout, tapering slightly from wide basal margin to relatively wide distal margin (0.6
x
SS basal margin), dorsal face with broad dorsal membrane (maximum width 0.1
x
SS length) at TA/SS junction (
Figs 11
a-d
,
12
a-d
). G2TA long (TA/SS 0.40-0.44), flagellum-like, almost as long as G2SS (
Fig. 13
a-d
). Small species (CW 14-22 mm in adults).
Figure 2.
Four species of
Louisea
endemic to southwestern Cameroon, whole animal, dorsal view.
a
Largest adult male (CW 17.5 mm) of
L. edeaensis
from Lake Ossa wetland complex (ZMB Crust. 26930) (missing right cheliped)
b
largest adult male (CW 16.2 mm) of
L. balssi
from
Man's
Crater Lake Manengouba (ZMB Crust. 30319) (missing left p5) ('
Mvogo Ndongo et al. 2018
: fig. 1', www.mapress.com/j/zt)
c
largest adult male, holotype (CW 18.1 mm) of
L. yabassi
sp. nov. from Yabassi (ZMB Crust. 21575) (missing left p2-p5, and right cheliped and p2, p3)
d
largest adult male, holotype (CW 20.0 mm) of
L. nkongsamba
sp. nov. from Mt. Nlonako (ZMB Crust. 31618). Scale bars: 8 mm (
a
), 9 mm (
b
), 8.30 mm (
c
), 17 mm (
d
).
Figure 3.
Four species of
Louisea
endemic to southwestern Cameroon, whole animal, dorsal view.
a
Second largest adult male (CW 16.1 mm) of
L. edeaensis
from Lake Ossa wetland complex (ZMB Crust. 30335) (missing left p4)
b
second largest adult male (CW 14.8 mm) of
L. balssi
from
Man's
Crater Lake Manengouba (ZMB Crust. 30319) (missing left p4 and right p2)
c
subadult male, paratype (CW 13.8 mm) of
L. yabassi
sp. nov. from Yabassi (ZMB Crust. 21575) (missing left p2-p4, and right cheliped and p2-p5)
d
second largest adult male (CW 18.38 mm) of
L. nkongsamba
sp. nov. from Mt. Nlonako (ZMB Crust. 31618). Scale bars: 12.42 mm (
a
), 10 mm (
b
), 8.42 mm (
c
), 11.63 mm (
d
).
Figure 4.
Four species of
Louisea
endemic to southwestern Cameroon, carapace, dorsal view.
a
Largest adult male, holotype (CW 20.0 mm) of
L. nkongsamba
sp. nov. from Mt. Nlonako (ZMB Crust. 31618)
b
second largest adult male (CW 14.8 mm) of
L. balssi
from
Man's
Crater Lake Manengouba (ZMB Crust. 30319)
c
second largest adult male (CW 16.1 mm) of
L. edeaensis
from Lake Ossa wetland complex (ZMB Crust. 30335)
d
adult male, holotype (CW 18.1 mm) of
L. yabassi
sp. nov. from Yabassi (ZMB Crust. 21575). Scale bars: 9.1 mm (
a
), 7.25 mm (
b
), 7.90 mm (
c
), 8.62 mm (
d
).
Distribution.
Louisea
is endemic to southern Cameroon (
Cumberlidge 1994
,
1999
) (
Fig. 1
).
Louisea edeaensis
is known from Yaounde, Edea, and the Lake Ossa faunal reserve, while
L. balssi
is known from the Bakossi region at Barombi Mbo near Kumba and from Manengouba Ecological Reserve (
Cumberlidge 1994
,
1999
,
Mvogo Ndongo et al. 2017a
,
2018
).
Louisea nkongsamba
sp. nov. is known from Mt. Nlonako Ecological Reserve at Nkongsamba, while
Louisea yabassi
sp. nov. is from Yabassi.
Remarks.
Cumberlidge (1994
,
1999
) provided the diagnostic characters of
Louisea
based mainly on the male holotype of
L. edeaensis
, because
L. balssi
was only known then from a juvenile male. The revision of the diagnostic characters for this genus is based on our examinations of adult males of all four species included here (
L. edeaensis
,
L. balssi
,
L. nkongsamba
sp. nov., and
L. yabassi
sp. nov.). The amended character descriptions are also used to compare
Louisea
with other potamonautid genera.
The bilobed terminal segment of the mandibular palp of
Louisea
is unusual, and it sets this genus apart from most genera in the
Potamonautinae
that typically possess a simple mandibular palp (i.e., with no additional anterior lobe) (
Cumberlidge 1999
; Cumberlidge et al. 1999; Cumberlidge and Reed 2003). This is true for
Erimetopus
Rathbun, 1894 and
Platythelphusa
A. Milne-Edwards, 1887, and all but one species of
Potamonautes
MacLeay, 1838 [
P. brincki
(Bott, 1960) being the exception], most species of
Sudanonautes
Bott, 1955 [except for
S. floweri
(de Man, 1901) and
S. orthostylis
Bott, 1955], and most species of
Liberonautes
Bott, 1955 (
Cumberlidge 1999
). It should be noted that in those potamonautine species without a simple mandibular palp, the anterior lobe is little more than a hard ledge at the junction between the segments, rather than a true lobe shape (
Cumberlidge 1999
). The terminal segment of the mandibular palp of
Louisea
is distinctly bilobed (with an anterior lobe 0.6
x
the terminal segment length) and is superficially similar to the mandibular palps of
Afrithelphusa
Bott, 1969 and
Globonautes
(the two West African genera assigned to the
Deckeniinae
Ortmann, 1897, but the mandibular palp of the each of the latter two genera has a larger anterior lobe that is subequal to the posterior lobe (
Fig. 15
a-d
;
Cumberlidge 1999
: fig. 48
A-C
).
The lack of a flagellum on the exopod of the third maxilliped in
Louisea
is rarely seen in other species of the
Potamonautinae
, and most of the members of this subfamily typically possess a long flagellum on the third maxilliped exopod (
Cumberlidge 1999
). The exceptions to this are the species of
Buea
and
Potamonemus
, and
Liberonautes grandbassa
Cumberlidge, 1999 and
L. lugbe
Cumberlidge, 1999 (
Cumberlidge and Clark 1992
;
Cumberlidge 1993
,
1999
;
Cumberlidge et al. 2019
). The lack of a flagellum on the exopod of the third maxilliped of
Louisea
is also shared with species of the
Deckeniinae
(
Afrithelphusa
,
Globonautes
, and
Madagapotamon humberti
Bott, 1965) (
Cumberlidge 1999
;
Cumberlidge et al. 2008
).
Louisea
can also be distinguished from the West African
Deckeniinae
genera
Afrithelphusa
and
Globonautes
by characters of the gonopods (G1TA shape and G2TA length), the presence or absence of an intermediate tooth between the exorbital and epibranchial teeth (
Cumberlidge 1999
), and by molecular evidence (
Daniels et al. 2015
;
Mvogo Ndongo et al. 2017c
).