A mountain of millipedes XI. The trachystreptoform spirostreptids of the Udzungwa Mountains, Tanzania (Diplopoda, Spirostreptida, Spirostreptidae) Author Enghoff, Henrik 9B9D901F-D6C8-4BCA-B11B-CF6EE85B16DC Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK- 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark. henghoff@snm.ku.dk Author Ngute, Alain S. K. 4F621C77-C4E7-49C8-ABB2-C6FF1DFD60C6 Forest Research Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia. Alain.Ngute@research.usc.edu.au Author Kwezaura, Revocatus L. 2F3825C9-B029-4C61-A0BB-F754D043873C Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. rauliean@gmail.com Author Laizzer, Richard L. 575788A0-E532-4292-A9D5-F21DAE7742E6 Udzungwa Ecological Monitoring Centre, Udzungwa Mountains National Park, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. richardlowassary@gmail.com Author Lyatuu, Herman M. 7659F933-34F5-4D57-A2E4-F1DBCAC8186E Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. lyatuuherman@gmail.com Author Mhagawale, Waziri E485EE38-FFDB-4859-8679-CFA20A5FFD3F Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. mhagawalewaziri@gmail.com Author Mnendendo, Hamidu R. 02489B44-5503-42BF-8DD9-1F40930F0D4D Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. hamidumnendendo@gmail.com Author Marshall, Andrew R. 0AE8656F-DA17-4955-95A9-1B9EF7910037 Forest Research Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia. & Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. & Flamingo Land Ltd., Kirby Misperton, North Yorkshire, UK. amarsha1@usc.edu.au text European Journal of Taxonomy 2024 2024-01-22 918 1 1 50 https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2405/10603 journal article 10.5852/ejt.2024.918.2405 2118-9773 10554532 8E007E74-FB24-422F-AFA8-033A2D172839 Udzungwastreptus marianae Enghoff gen. et sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 1188266A-4EA1-45D5-8DD1-26244ECCF867 Figs 2 , 3H , 21–23 Diagnosis Redundant, genus monospecific. Etymology Named in fond memory of María Ángeles (Marian) Ramos (1952–2023), Spanish zoologist, close project partner and friend of HE through decades. Material examined (total 15 ♂♂ , 11 ♀♀ , 24 juvs) Holotype TANZANIA • ♂ ; Morogoro Region , Udzungwa Mountains National Park , Kidatu ; 07°40′42.1″ S , 36°55′06.8″ E ; 1482 m a.s.l. ; 21 Sep. 2014 ; J. Malumbres-Olarte leg.; Plot 6, pitfall trap ; NHMD 621890 . Paratypes TANZANIA – Morogoro Region , Udzungwa Mountains National Park , Kidatu • 3 ♂♂ , 2 ♀♀ ; same collection data as for holotype; combined catch from 2 pitfall traps ; NHMD 621891 • 5 ♂♂ , 1 ♀ ; same collection data as for holotype; 07°41′06.2″ S , 36°54′52.4″ E ; 1527 m a.s.l. ; 23 Oct. 2014 ; Plot 9, combined catch from 4 pitfall traps ; NHMD 621892 .– Iringa region , Udzungwa Mountains , Ndundulu Forest • 3 ♂♂ , 5 ♀♀ , 1 juv. ♂ ; 7°45′ S , 36°29′ E ; 1550 m a.s.l. , 1–7 Dec. 2007 ; L.A. Hansen and local assistants leg.; Waller’s camp, tropical semi-evergreen forest; NHMD 621893 . – Iringa Region , Kilolo District , Kilombero Nature Reserve , Ndundulu , Luala • 1 ♂ , 1 ♀ , 16 anamorphic juvs; 07°45′56.8″ S , 36°29′27.0″ E ; 1949 m a.s.l. ; 29 Oct. 2021 ; A. Ngute , R. Malanda , W. Mhagawale , A. Mpoto , A. Marshall leg.; Plot 71, open canopy; COLL.NHMD-ACC.NO. 2022-EN-003; NHMD 621926 • 2 ♀♀ , 7 anamorphic juvs; same collection data as for preceding; 07°45′51.3″ S , 36°29′16.1″ E ; 2007 m a.s.l. ; 1 Nov. 2021 ; Plot 72, open canopy; NHMD 621927 . – Morogoro Region , Kilombero District , Udzungwa Mountains National Park , Mwanihana • 1 ♂ ; Uzungwa Mountains , Mwanihana Forest above Sanje ; 1700 m a.s.l. ; 15 Aug.1982 ; M. Stoltze and N. Scharff leg.; NHMD 621928 . – Iringa Region , Iringa district , New Dabaga / Ulangambi Forest Reserve • 1 ♂ ; 08°00′26.6″ S , 35°56′06.1″ E ; 1908 m a.s.l. ; 19–26 Oct. 2000 ; Frontier Tanzania leg; scrub/thicket/bush, plot FP; NHMD 621929 . Description (males) SIZE . Length 27–32 mm , diameter 1.8–2.1 mm (the male from Mwanihana Forest, NHMD 621928, is thicker: 2.4 mm ); 40–44 podous rings, no apodous rings in front of telson. COLOUR ( Fig. 3H ). After eight years in alcohol mostly yellowish white; posterior ⅓ of metazonites light amber, preceded by narrow reddish-brown band; area between crests in front of band brownish or yellowish white; head above eyes dark brown with small light spots, occipital furrow also light; area between eyes and antennal sockets uniformly dark brown, area below antennal sockets light brown below. Collum dark brown, marbled. HEAD ( Fig. 21A ). Eyes small, separated by 3 times their diameter, not reaching beyond mesal margin of antennal socket; each eye with 13–20 ommatidia in 3–4 horizontal rows, number of vertical rows indiscernible. Antennae short, reaching back to body ring 5 when stretched; antennomeres 2–6 of subequal length. Mandibular stipes in lateral view ca twice as long as high, ventroanteriorly produced in a rectangular lobe, distal edge of stipes above lobe regularly concave. Gnathochilarium: lateral edge of stipites forming pigmented keel in basal part; mentum with deep, circular concavity. COLLUM ( Fig. 21A ). Not modified for accommodation of antennae. Not keeled, surface finely wrinkled, laterally with a short marginal carina/furrow, one or two long, strong oblique carinae/furrows and a few short irregular ones above; lateral lobes truncate, with straight margin. BODY RINGS ( Fig. 21B–F ). Prozonites in anterior ⅔ with very fine ring furrows which further back give place to a cell structure; posteriormost row of cells longer and more regular. The cuticular scutes (“cytoscutes”) of the anterior part of the prozonite are remarkable by being rounded rather than polygonal and being arranged in an imbricate pattern, as in Attemsostreptus leptoptilos sp. nov. ( Fig. 12G , left inset). Metazonites significantly vaulted, imposing a slightly moniliform shape of the body, densely keeled, ca 16 keels per dorsal quarter. Ozopores ( oz , Fig. 21E–F ) slightly in front of middle of metazonite, between two keels. One row of large (not very obvious) sigilla ca in middle of metazonite TELSON ( Fig. 21G–I ). As in Lophostreptus tersus and L. magombera sp. nov. Preanal ring ( pr ) regularly and densely grainy-rugose. Anal valves ( av ) overall with same sculpture, strongly vaulted, their mesal margins slightly raised as low rims, smooth, meeting in midline, paralleled more laterally by much higher lips with smooth edge; distance between lips and mesal margin equal to or larger than height of lips; area between mesal margin and lip with weaker sculpture than main part of valve. LEGS . Short, length ca 0.7 ×body diameter. No ventral pads. First pair ( Fig. 22B–D ): coxosternum with lateral groups of a few long setae ( cxs ). Prefemoral lobes ( pfl ) long triangular, closely appressed to coxosternum, with a few apicomesal setae ( aps ) and scattered minute pegs, otherwise bare. GONOPOD COXA ( Figs 22A , 23A–B ). Proplica ( pp ) parallel-sided, in distal ca 40% with scattered minute pegs, meso-apically with subrectangular process ( ppp ). Metaplica ( mp ) with almost straight, subparallel margins; apically smoothly rounded, with a slender, sinuous lateral, laterad process ( lap ) and a shorter straight process ( aap ) originating next to lap and pointing anteriad. Fig. 21. Udzungwastreptus marianae gen. et sp. nov. , paratype, ♂ (NHMD 621928). A . Head and collum, lateral view. B–E . Midbody rings. B . Three rings. C . Sculpture of lateral pro- and metazonite. D . Closeup of prozonite. E . Close-up of metazonite. F . Ozopore. G–I . Telson. G . Lateral view. H . Posterior view. I . Dorsal view. Abbreviations: av = anal valve; mz = metazonite; oz = ozopore; pr = preanal ring; pz = prozonite. Scale bars: A–B, G–I = 0.2 mm; C = 0.1 mm; D–E = 0.02 mm; F = 0.01 mm. GONOPOD TELOPODITE ( Fig. 23 ). Free part band-shaped, folded longitudinally, shortly after emergence from gonocoel with a finger-shaped process ( ftp ) and a rounded rectangular flap ( rtf ), more distally (ca ⅔ after emergence from gonocoel with two neighbouring lamellate processes ( ltp ); apically more open, ending in transverse straight edge from which the simple, slender, tapering and curved solenomere ( slm ) emerges. Descriptive notes (females) Length up to 38 mm , diameter up to 2.4 mm ; 41–43 podous rings, no apodous rings in front of telson. Fig. 22. Udzungwastreptus marianae gen. et sp. nov. A . Paratype, ♂ (NHMD 621891), gonopods, anteriolateral view. B–D . Paratype, ♂ (NHMD 621928), first pair of legs. B . Posterior view. C . Subventral view. D . Sublateral view. Abbreviations: aap = anterior-apical metaplical process; aps = apicomesal prefemoral setae; cxs = coxosternal setae; lap = lateroapical metaplical process; mp = metaplica; pfl = prefemoral lobe; pp = proplica; ppp = proplical process. Scale bars = 0.1 mm. Fig. 23. Udzungwastreptus marianae gen. et sp. nov. , paratype, ♂ (NHMD 621891). A . Gonopods, posterior (left gonopod) and latero-posterior (right gonopod) view. B . Left gonopod, lateral view. C–G . Right gonopod telopodite. C . Submesal view. D . Subposterior view. E . Subanterior view. F . Subbasal (dorsal) view. G . Subposterior view. Abbreviations: aap = anterio-apical metaplical process; ftp = finger-shaped telopodital process; lap = lateroapical metaplical process; ltp = lamellate telopodital process; mp = metaplica; pp = proplica; ppp = proplical process; rtf = rounded-rectangular telopodital process; slm = solenomere. Scale bars = 0.1 mm. Distribution and habitat An Udzungwan endemic. Known from three places, all at high altitudes ( 1482–2007 m a.s.l.). Habitat notes include “tropical semi-evergreen forest”, “open canopy” and “scrub/thicket/bush”. Remarks A male and a female (NHMD 621892) and another male (NHMD 621929) carry numerous thalli of Rickia lophophora Santamaria, Enghoff & Reboleira , a fungus of the order Laboulbeniales . The male from NHMD 621929 was recorded by Santamaria et al. (2016) , as “ Spirostreptida indet.”, as host of R. lophophora . A further male, the holotype (NHMD 621890), is host to a different fungus, a so-called “amphoromorph” which is probably a secondary capilliconidium of the genus Basidiobolus Eidam ( Enghoff & Reboleira 2017 ).