Konowia Brauns, 1884, and Monoxiphia, n. gen. (Hymenoptera, Xiphydriidae) Palaearctic woodwasps with simple tarsal claws on all legs Author Shinohara, Akihiko 0000-0002-4486-5220 National Museum of Nature and Science, 4 - 1 - 1 Amakubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305 - 0005 Japan. shinohar@kahaku.go.jp Author Hara, Hideho Nishi 4 - Kita 3 - 4 - 29, Bibai, Hokkaido, 072 - 0033 Japan. text Zootaxa 2021 2021-02-02 4920 4 565 587 journal article 8327 10.11646/zootaxa.4920.4.7 4e7ef4a8-638c-4784-950c-fd767a69b926 1175-5326 4491268 47EC827F-4015-4C42-96DA-C34D4D5F4B8A Konowia yasumatsui ( Togashi, 1972 ) ( Figs 1F, I , 3I, L , 4 R–U, 5C, F, 6C, F–K, 8E, F, 10D–F) Pseudoxiphydria yasumatsui Togashi, 1972: 55 ; Shinohara, 2019a: 4 . Konowia yasumatsui : Smith, 1978: 108 ; Shinohara, 2019c: 22 ; Shinohara, 2020a: 471 . Xiphydria yasumatsui : Taeger et al ., 2010: 120 ; Taeger et al ., 2018 . FIGURE 10. Male genitalia, K. kojimai , Shinonome-ko, Hokkaido (A–C) and K. yasumatsui , Sobo-sancho, Kyushu (D–F). --- A, D, Genital capsule, dorsal view; B, E, genital capsule, ventral view; C, F, penis valve, lateral view (left dorsal). Summary of taxonomic characters ( Tables 1 , 2 ) (data partly taken from Togashi 1972 ). Female ( Fig. 1F ): Length without ovipositor 10.5–12.5 mm . Head black. Mouth parts blackish brown to black; ligula mostly whitish and mandible largely brownish gray. Antenna black. Thorax black. Legs black; tibiae apically and tarsi except apices sometimes dark brownish. Wings weakly uniformly darkened; veins and stigma blackish brown. Abdomen black; last tergum and ovipositor sheath each with very narrow apex pale brown. Vertex covered with distinct surface microsculpture, except for broad smooth areas in posterior part ( Fig. 3I, L ). Antenna with 12–15 antennomeres (n=6); flagellomere 2 about 1.6–1.8× longer than broad ( Fig. 4 R–T). Mesoscutellum with posterior and lateral parts smooth, shiny, with few punctures ( Fig. 5C, F ). Hind tarsomere 1 about 1.2–1.3× length of tarsomeres 2–4 combined. Forewing ( Fig. 1F , 6C ) with crossvein 2r-m basal to crossvein 2m-cu on vein M and vein 1A narrowly separated from or very shortly fused with (fig. 13, Togashi 1972 ) vein 2A+3A; hindwing with crossvein 2r-m present or absent. Valvula 3 (apical sheath) about 1.1× length of valvifer 2 (basal sheath) (n=3, fig. 14, Togashi 1972 ) ( Fig. 8E, F ). Male (hitherto undescribed, Fig. 1I ): Length 8.0– 11.5 mm . Similar to female, except as follows: Mandible largely dark yellow to dark brown; basal three or four antennomeres and often tegula largely brownish. Antenna with 13 or 14 antennomeres (n=14), flagellomere 2 about 2.2–3.0× longer than broad ( Fig. 4U ). Hind tarsomere 1 about 1.2–1.4× length of tarsomeres 2–4 combined. Abdominal tergum 9 weakly convex, without median longitudinal keel, rounded at apex; sternum 9 with posterior margin very shallowly concave at middle. Genitalia as in Fig. 10 D–F; valviceps robust, apical projection short. Distribution . Japan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu). New to Honshu and Shikoku. Material examined . JAPAN : HONSHU: Fukushima Pref. : 1♂, Tateiwa , Minamiaizu , 9. IX. 1989 , M. Yoshida ( NIAES ). Tochigi Pref. : ♀ , Utagahama , Nikko , 2. VII. 2014 , S. Maehara ( NSMT ). Nagano Pref. : 1♂, Nyugasayama, Fujimi , 10. VIII. 1961 , A. Nakanishi ( NSMT ). SHIKOKU: Ehime Pref. : 1♀ , Omogokei , 33.7216°N 133.1003°E , Kuma-kogen-cho, 22. V . 2018, R . Matsumoto ( OMNH ). KYUSHU: Oita / Miyazaki Prefs. : 1♂, Sobosancho [summit of Mt. Sobosan], 15. VII. 1979 , K. Konishi ( KYU ); 1♂, same locality, 15. VII. 1979 , R . Noda ( KYU ); 1♂, same locality, 16. VII. 1979 , K. Konishi ( KYU ); 3♂, same locality, 16. VII. 1979 , R . Noda ( KYU ) ; Host plant . Unknown. Remarks . Konowia yasumatsui is characterized by the mostly coarsely microsculptured vertex ( Fig. 3I, L ), the thick antennae ( Fig. 4 R–U), and the smooth posterior and lateral parts of the mesoscutellum ( Fig. 5C, F ) (see the key for more details). This species was described from a female specimen collected on Mt. Hikosan, Kyushu, Japan , and no additional specimens have been recorded ever since. Unfortunately, the holotype , which was to be deposited in Togashi’s private collection ( Togashi 1972 , p. 58), has not been found there and is now regarded as lost. We have examined two female specimens from Honshu and Shikoku, which generally agree with the original description of P. yasumatsui , particularly in the mostly black color pattern, the punctuation of the head, the thick antenna (flagellomere 2 about 1.8× longer than broad, fig. 12 in Togashi 1972 ), and the long ovipositor sheath (valvula 3 about 1.1× length of valvifer 2, fig. 14 in Togashi 1972 ). The two specimens (11.0 and 12.5 mm long) are larger than the holotype ( 10.5 mm long) and have 14 or 15 antennomeres ( 12 in the holotype ) and the tibiae and tarsi are mostly black (“apical portion of all tibiae and basal 3 segments of all tarsi” reddish brown in the holotype ). In the comparatively small size, the number of the antennomeres (12) and the partly reddish-brown tibiae and tarsi, the original description of P. yasumatsui may better agree with K. betulae , but the description of the surface sculpture of the mesoscutellum (“scutellum covered with irregular rugoso-subreticulate sculpture which is becoming weaker latero-posteriorly”, p. 57), together with the distribution, strongly suggests that our female specimens from Honshu and Shikoku actually belong to K. yasumatsui .