Review of the species of Anastatus (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae) known from China, with description of two new species with brachypterous females Author Peng, Lingfei Author Gibson, Gary A. P. Author Tang, Lu Author Xiang, Jiawei text Zootaxa 2020 2020-04-28 4767 3 351 401 journal article 22513 10.11646/zootaxa.4767.3.1 de8e73dd-ebec-4674-b9e9-6e7c62bc486b 1175-5334 3772901 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:BAF472F8-CD4E-4518-A279-CCAA12F01737 Key to Chinese species of Anastatus 1 Female ............................................................................................. 2 - Male.............................................................................................. 15 2(1) Fore wing variably reduced, extending at most only about two-thirds length of gaster ( e.g ., Figs 7A , 14A , 18A , 22A )...... 3 - Fore wing not reduced, extending at least to apex of gaster ( e.g. , Figs 1A , 6B , 12B , 16B )............................ 6 3(2) Fore wing discal region either without hyaline cross band behind marginal vein ( Fig. 22G ) or with only an obscure remnant ( Fig. 18F : cbr)........................................................................................ 4 - Fore wing discal region with distinct hyaline cross band behind marginal vein ( Figs 7F , 14H, I )....................... 5 4(3) Fore wing discal region with dense, dark brown setae except for region of orangish setae medially and sometimes an obscure remnant of a hyaline cross band apically ( Fig. 18F : cbr); head in lateral view meniscoidal, face and vertex uniformly curved to occiput ( Fig. 18B )............................................................. A. meilingensis Sheng and Yu - Fore wing discal region with dense, light coloured setae ( Fig. 22G ); head in lateral view more rhomboidal, vertex inclined relative to uniformly curved face ( Fig. 22H ).................................................. A. pariliquadrus n. sp. 5(3) Fore wing either without evident stigmal vein or with short stigmal vein appressed to postmarginal vein, and with comparatively short marginal venation, combined length of marginal + postmarginal veins only about 1.2× width of wing ( Figs 14H, I ); mesoscutum, scutellum, and axillae with strong green to blue metallic luster ( Fig. 14E )... Anastatus gastropachae Ashmead - Fore wing with distinct stigmal vein projecting into disc, and with comparatively long marginal vein, combined length of marginal + postmarginal veins about 1.5× width of wing ( Fig. 7F ); mesoscutum, scutellum, and axilla without metallic luster ( Fig. 7G ).......................................................................... Anastatus flavaeratus n. sp. 6(2) Fore wing with two hyaline spots with white setae behind marginal vein separated by infuscate region with dark setae ( Figs 6A, H )...................................................................... Anastatus echidna (Motschulsky) - Fore wing with complete hyaline cross band behind marginal vein ( Figs 4F , 8H , 10G ), though sometimes with some dark setae within hyaline region medially ( e.g. , Figs 4I , 12I )............................................................ 7 7(6) Profemur ventrally with blunt ( Figs 23H, I ) to sharp ( Figs 3I , 9A : arrow) tooth within about apical third; mesosoma with pronotum, mesonotum, tegula and acropleuron similarly dark ( Figs 3G , 4A , 8F , 23B ).................................. 8 - Profemur ventrally without tooth ( Fig. 1H ); mesosoma sometimes with acropleuron at least posteriorly and/or pronotum and prepectus much lighter in colour than dark mesonotum ( Figs 16 C–E)........................................... 11 8(7) Mesoscutum with anterior convex part of medial lobe mesh-like coriaceous to pustulate over about anterior half and mesh-like reticulate over about posterior half, and posterior concave part only sparsely setose with hair-like setae ( Fig. 3E ).................................................................................... Anastatus colemani Crawford - Mesoscutum with anterior convex part of medial lobe entirely mesh-like reticulate, and posterior concave part densely setose with mostly white, slightly lanceolate setae ( Figs 4B , 8B )..................................................... 9 9(8) Profemur with ventral margin abruptly angulate, with blunt tooth, subapically ( Figs 23H, I ); mesoscutal lateral lobe entirely, uniformly setose ( Fig. 23E ); fore wing with hyaline cross band uniformly wide and without any isolated dark setae medially ( Fig. 23F )......................................................... Anastatus shichengensis Sheng and Wang - Profemur ventrally with distinct, acute tooth or spine-like process subapically ( Fig. 9A : arrow); mesoscutal lateral lobe often with mediolongitudinal bare band anterior of posteromedian carina ( Fig. 8D ); fore wing sometimes with apical margin of hyaline cross band angulate relative to basal margin so as to be narrower medially and/or with at least a few isolated dark setae medially ( Figs 4 G–I)................................................................................. 10 10(9) Mesoscutal lateral lobe with differentiated bare band of more-or-less mesh-like coriaceous sculpture anterior to posteromedian carina ( Figs 8B, D ); fore wing hyaline cross band with setae all white, not interrupted medially by dark setae, comparatively broad such that basal infuscate region at most about 2.5× wider than cross band, and apical margin of cross band similarly curved as basal margin ( Figs 8G, H ); scrobal depression of at least larger individuals usually with comparatively distinct, abrupt lateral margins curving dorsomesally, though not completely delineating dorsal margin ( Figs 8C, E )............................................................................................. Anastatus formosanus Crawford - Mesoscutal lateral lobe setose and more-or-less uniformly roughened, reticulate-imbricate to reticulate-rugose anterior to posteromedian carina ( Figs 4B, D ); fore wing hyaline cross band often with at least a few isolated dark setae medially ( Fig. 4H ) or even more distinct region of dark setae ( Fig. 4I ), and then comparatively narrow such that basal infuscate region about 3.0× wider than cross band ( Figs 4 G–I) and/or apical margin of cross band distinctly angulate ( Figs 4H, I ); scrobal depression with comparatively indistinct, rounded margins dorsolaterally ( Figs 4C, E )........... Anastatus dexingensis Sheng and Wang 11(7) Mesoscutum with anterior convex part of medial lobe at least extensively mesh-like coriaceous, at most distinctly reticulate only posteriorly ( Fig. 1G ); fore wing basal region entirely bare ( Fig. 1F : bac, cua, vna); mesosoma entirely dark, with posterior concave part of medial lobe similarly dark as remainder of mesoscutum ( Figs 1B, G )..... Anastatus bifasciatus (Geoffroy) - Mesoscutum with anterior convex part of medial lobe mostly to entirely mesh-like reticulate ( Figs 10G , 12F , 16G, H , 20E ); fore wing with basal region extensively setose, though basal cell often with white and comparatively inconspicuous setae ( Figs 10G , 13A , 16F , 20G ); mesosoma sometimes with one or more of pronotum, prepectus, and acropleuron at least posteriorly, obviously paler than mesoscutum ( Figs 10F , 12G , 16 C–E, 20F) and/or posteromedial part of mesoscutum with comparatively bright metallic luster relative to remainder of mesoscutum ( Figs 10E , 12F , 16H , 20E ).............................. 12 12(11) Acropleuron variably distinctly though noticeably paler (brown to orangish or yellow) than dark mesoscutum over at least about posterior half ( Figs 16 C–E)................................................ Anastatus japonicus Ashmead - Acropleuron uniformly dark with slight metallic luster similar to mesoscutum or at most somewhat paler only anteriorly near prepectus ( Figs 10F , 12G , 20F )......................................................................... 13 13(12) Mesoscutum with posterior concave part setose medially for width only about equal to width of bare region on either side ( Fig. 12F ); flagellum with all funiculars longer than wide ( Figs 12D, E ); fore wing with apical margin of hyaline cross band more strongly V-like angulate than basal margin such that length along marginal vein about twice medial length ( Fig. 12H ), and usually with a few isolated dark setae medially ( Fig. 12I ); procoxa similarly pale as lateral surface of pronotum ( Fig. 12G ); mesotarsus (excluding pegs) and mesotibial apical spur pale ( Fig. 13B )............ Anastatus gansuensis Chen and Zang - Mesoscutum with posterior concave part setose for almost entire width ( Figs 10E , 20E ); flagellum with at least apical funicular quadrate to slightly transverse ( Figs 10D , 20D ); fore wing with apical and basal margins of hyaline cross vein similarly curved to angulate so length along marginal vein similar to medial length, and without isolated dark setae medially ( Figs 10G , 20G ); procoxa sometimes dark, much darker than pale lateral surface of pronotum ( Fig. 10F ); mesotarsus and/or mesotibial apical spur sometimes at least partly infuscate ( Figs 10H , 20H )..................................................... 14 14(13) Mesotarsus uniformly yellowish to white in contrast to dark pegs ( Fig. 20H ); procoxa usually with at least ventral surface similarly pale as lateral panel of pronotum ( Fig. 20F )................................ Anastatus orientalis Yang and Choi - Mesotarsus sometimes entirely infuscate similar to dark pegs, but at least basal two tarsomeres variably conspicuously infuscate over at least dorsal and posterior surfaces ( Fig. 10H ); procoxa entirely dark, much darker than lateral surface of pronotum ( Fig. 10F )................................................................ Anastatus fulloi Sheng and Wang 15(1) Legs entirely yellow beyond coxae ( Fig. 21B ) or at most with metafemur infuscate only over about ventral half ( Fig. 21E ); flagellum with basal flagellomeres paler than darker brown apical flagellomeres such that darker multiporous plate sensilla contrast in colour with surrounding cuticle ( Fig. 21G ); speculum slender, closed posteriorly ( Figs 21F, H : spc); costal cell dorsally setose along entire leading margin ( Fig. 21H )................................... Anastatus orientalis Yang and Choi - Legs with at least femora and metatibia partly dark ( e.g. , Figs 2B , 5F , 24A ); flagellum often uniformly dark ( e.g. , Figs 11E , 13G , 24E ), but if as described above ( e.g. , Fig. 9F ) then at least speculum broad ( Figs 5H , 9I : spc) and sometimes open posteriorly ( Fig. 9I ), and sometimes costal cell dorsally setose only apically ( Fig. 9I )................................... 16 16(15) Flagellum consisting of five funiculars and clava, with clava ( Fig. 2E : clv) greatly elongate, at least twice as long as combined length of funiculars......................................................... Anastatus bifasciatus (Geoffroy) - Flagellum consisting of seven funiculars and clava, with clava shorter than combined length of funiculars ( e.g. , Figs 5D , 9F ). .................................................................................................. 17 17(16) Mesotibia extensively dark apically ( Figs 17A, J ); fore wing with basal cell uniformly, completely setose and disc with comparatively small and slender speculum ( Fig. 17I : spc); flagellum entirely dark ( Figs 17A, F ) and with clava only about as long as combined length of fl8 and fl7 plus apical half of fl6 ( Fig. 17H )...................................................................................................... Anastatus japonicus Ashmead (based on type material) - Mesotibia entirely pale ( Figs 5F , 9C , 11A , 17B, C , 24A ); fore wing sometimes with large speculum ( Figs 5H , 9I , 24I : spc) and/or basal cell extensively bare; flagellum sometimes with one or more basal flagellomeres pale, more-or-less orange, such that darker multiporous plate sensilla ( Figs 5D , 9F : mps) contrast in colour with surrounding cuticle or clava at least as long as combined length of fl6–fl8 ( Figs 11G , 17G )............................................................... 18 18(17) Flagellum with one or more basal funiculars paler than apical flagellomeres such that darker multiporous plate sensilla contrast in colour with surrounding cuticle ( Figs 5D, F ; 9C, F ); costal cell sometimes setose along leading margin only within apical half or less ( Fig. 9I ); fore wing disc with large, subquadrangular speculum ( Figs 5H , 9I : spc)........................ 19 - Flagellum uniformly dark such that multiporous plate sensilla not contrasting in colour and not conspicuously differentiated from surrounding cuticle ( Figs 11A, E , 13G , 17C, E , 19F , 24A, E ); costal cell setose along leading margin for entire or almost entire length ( Figs 11H , 17I , 24I ); fore wing disc often with comparatively slender, more oblique-rectangular speculum ( Figs 11H , 17I )........................................................................................... 20 19(18) Costal cell at most setose along leading margin for less than half length apically, usually only anterior to parastigma ( Fig. 9I ); speculum ( Fig. 9I : spc) often open or only partly closed posteriorly.................... Anastatus formosanus Crawford - Costal cell setose along entire leading margin ( Fig. 5I ); speculum ( Fig. 5H : spc) closed posteriorly ( Fig. 5H : cuf)............................................................................. Anastatus dexingensis Sheng and Wang 20(18) Clava at least as long as combined length of fl6–fl8 ( Figs 11G , 17G )...................................................................................... Anastatus fulloi Sheng and Wang and A. japonicus Ashmead (of authors) - Clava shorter than combined length of previous three funiculars ( Figs 13G , 19G , 24E, F )........................... 21 21(20) Legs with mesofemora mostly conspicuously paler than pro- and metafemora, and metatibia with about basal half pale and apical half darker, though lighter brown than respective femur ( Fig. 19B )........... Anastatus meilingensis Sheng and Yu - Legs with all femora similarly dark, and metatibia mostly similarly dark as femur, pale basally for distance only about equal to own apical width or about one-quarter or less length of tibia ( Figs 13D , 24A ).......................................................................... Anastatus gansuensis Chen and Zang and A. shichengensis Sheng and Wang