Taxonomic review of the genus Commatarcha Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Carposinoidea: Carposinidae) from China, with descriptions of four new species Author Qian, Shuonan Author Li, Houhun text Zootaxa 2018 4418 5 432 448 journal article 30106 10.11646/zootaxa.4418.5.2 76924ecc-2833-4231-97e9-fcbaf6bfcda7 1175-5326 1244980 7E160945-52D3-460D-A1AA-B5890C09C10E Commatarcha palaeosema Meyrick, 1935 ( Figs 3 , 12 , 18 ) Commatarcha palaeosema Meyrick, 1935a : 594 ; Okano, 1959 : 269 ; Yano, 1959 : 214 ; Clarke, 1963 : 46 ; Stănoiu & Nemeş, 1968 : 108 ; Kawabe, 1982 , 1 : 289, 2 : 216; Park, 1983 : 450 (misidentification of Commatarcha vaga Diakonoff, 1989 ); Diakonoff, 1989 : 24 ; Cho & Park, 1990 : 88 ; Li, 2004 : 87 . TL: Japan (Honshu). TD: BMNH. Bondia quaestrix Meyrick, 1935b : Diakonoff 1950 : 294 . Misidentification. Material examined. CHINA : Yunnan Province : 1 ♂ , Taiyanghe National Forest Park, Pu'er City, 1450 m , 5.iv.2015 , leg. Kaijian Teng , slide No. QSN17502 . Zhejiang Province : 1 ♂ , Mt. Gutian , Kaihua County , 310 m , 18.v.2017 , leg. Shuonan Qian & Ga-Eun Lee , slide No. QSN17525 ; 1 ♂ , Mt. Jiulong , 530 m , 4.vii.2013 , leg. Aihui Yin & Xiuchun Wang ; 1 ♂ , Mt. Longtang , 520 m , 25.vii.2014 , leg. Aihui Yin , Xuemei Hu & Qingyun Wang . Diagnosis. Commatarcha palaeosema can be distinguished from its congeners by the forewing having an inverted V-shaped ocherous yellow spot at basal 1/3 of the costal margin. The male genitalia are diagnostic by the triangular valva slightly curved ventrad distally and the cornuti of aedeagus arranged in a row of several strong spines of almost the same size. This species is similar to C . hamata sp. nov. , and the differences between them are stated in the preceding species. Redescription. Adult ( Fig. 12 ). Wingspan 10.0‒12.0 mm. Head leaden grey. Labial palpus black, extending forward; second segment with dense greyish white on inner surface, slightly longer than diameter of eye; third segment short, about 1/3 length of second segment, greyish white at apex. Antenna with scape black on dorsal surface, greyish white on ventral surface; flagellum brown, cilia on ventral surface same length as diameter of flagellum. Thorax and tegula black, with purplish blue reflection. Forewing relatively broad, widened from base to basal 1/3, parallel from basal 1/3 to distal 1/4, thereafter narrowed triangularly to rounded apex; costal margin straight, termen obliquely straight; ground coloration leaden grey, with dense black scales; costal margin black, with six greyish white dots evenly spaced from distal half to apex, increasing in size, except outmost one smaller; termen obliquely straight, black; with nine raised black scale tufts: three scale tufts arranged from basal 1/8 below costal margin obliquely inward to basal 1/6 of 1A+2A above dorsum, other scale tufts scattered on median 1/3 of wing, tuft at basal 1/3 of costal margin forming an inverted V-shaped, white to yellow mark, tufts at upper and lower angles of cell edged with white scales on outer side, forming a large white lunate mark and a white stripe respectively, mixed with ochreous yellow scales, other tufts tipped with leaden grey; black band from middle of R3 curved to tornus, sinuate along both outer and inner margins; fringe black. Hindwing greyish brown, apex narrowly rounded, termen obliquely straight; fringe greyish brown. Male genitalia ( Fig. 18 ). Uncus semielliptical, setose. Tegumen narrowly banded. Valva sub-triangular, narrowed to slightly hooked apex; dorsobasal process rod-shaped, curved and extending outward, setose distally; ventrobasal process broad wedge-shaped, longer than and parallel to dorsobasal process, heavily sclerotized along ventral margin. Vinculum longer than height of tegumen; saccus slender, rounded at apex, about 4/5 length of valva. Juxta sub-triangular, broad at base, narrowed to rounded apex. Ectophallus triangular, heavily sclerotized along basal margin, with sclerotized carinae medio-longitudinally, about 3/4 height of tegumen. Aedeagus slender, shorter than distance from apex of uncus to that of saccus, basal 3/5 uniform, except slightly dilated at base, broadened from distal 2/5 to distal 1/5, distal 1/5 narrowed to pointed apex; cornuti shaped as a cluster of nearly same sized large spines, placed distally. Female genitalia. See Diakonoff 1989 : 26. Distribution. China : Yunnan , Zhejiang (new record); Japan ( Meyrick 1935a ). Remarks. This species is recorded for the first time in China .