Revision Of Brachystethus (Heteroptera, Pentatomidae, Edessinae)
Author
Barcellos, Aline
Museu de Ciências Naturais, Fundação Zoobotânica do Rio Grande do Sul, Caixa Postal 1188, 90001 - 970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
alinebar@ig.com.br
Author
Grazia, Jocélia
Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Prédio 43435.2, 91501 - 970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
jocelia@ufrgs.br
text
Iheringia, Sér. Zool.
2003
2003-12-30
93
4
413
446
journal article
10.1590/S0073-47212003000400008
32bd22ce-7d3f-4eac-8203-e9f61a19c7f0
1678-4766
3719467
Brachystethus cribrus
(
Fabricius, 1781
)
(
Figs. 6
,
16
,
26
,
36
,
46
,
58
,
68
)
Cimexcribrum
FABRICIUS, 1781:357
;
1794:117
;
GMELIN, 1793:2152
.
Edessa cribrum
;
FABRICIUS, 1803:154
;
BURMEISTER, 1835:356
.
Brachystethus cribrum
;
AMYOT & SERVILLE,
1843
:161
;
HERRICH- SCHÄFFER, 1845:1
, fig. 788;
DALLAS, 1851:337
;
HERRICH- SCHÄFFER, 1853:310
;
SIGNORET,
1851
:344
;
WALKER, 1868:455
;
STÅL
, 1872:48
;
LETHIERRY & SEVERIN, 1893:187
(cat.);
KIRKALDY,
1909
:152
(cat.);
PIRÁN, 1956:31
.
Brachystethus cribrus
;
FROESCHNER, 1981:69
(cat.).
Typematerial
.
Holotype
, labeled:
Cimexcribrum
F., det. P.H. V. Doesburg (
ZMUC
). The
holotype
of
C. cribrum
had been considered lost by the curator of
ZMUC
.
ZIMSEN
(1964)
lists three
syntypes
of
Cimex geniculatus
and none of
C. cribrum
.
The exam of one of the supposed
syntypes
of
C. geniculatus
showed that it had been identified as
C. cribrum
by Peter Von Doesburg, from Leiden Museum. In fact, this specimen presents the apex of femoraand the base of tibiae yellowish, aswell asyellowish spotson abdomen, fitting the Fabricius description of
C. cribrum
(“abdominis punctis genubusque flavis...”), that may indicate a mistake on the organization of Fabricius
types
, previously to
ZIMSEN
(
1964
)
catalog. Thus, this specimen is here considered the
holotype
of
Brachystethus cribrus
.
Typelocality
:
Suriname
.
Description. Dorsal surfacedark reddish-castaneous, witha thin marginal yellowish stripe (
fig. 6
). Head dark-castaneous, sometimes with yellow margin; wrinkles conspicuous. Punctures of median stripe sparse, more frequent on 1+1 semi-circular stripes and jugae. Antennae dark-castaneous to black; fourth antennal segment medially swollen, with longitudinal sulcus. Second antennal segment one and a half to almost twice as long as first; second and third subequal, fourth more than twice as long as third; fifth the longest, slightly longer than fourth. Pronotum dark reddish-castaneous, with yellowish stripe on anterolateral margins. Surface rugose; coarse punctures behind cicatrices, sparse over the disc. Punctures fine among the coarser ones, concentrated before cicatrices. Scutellum reddish-castaneous with coarse punctures more frequent on basal 2/3. Corium reddish-castaneous withyellowish callus lateral and entad theapex of radial vein. Ventral surface of thorax dark reddish-castaneous with medium-sized punctures. Ostiolar rugae extending by 2/3 of distance between inner margin of ostiolum and lateral margin of metapleura. Metasternum, in profile, strongly elevated anteriorly.
Figs. 24-29. Pygophore, caudal (tenth segment omitted): 24,
Brachystethus rubromaculatus
; 25,
B. signoreti
; 26,
B. cribrus
; 27,
B. schuhi
; 28,
B. tricolor
; 29,
B. vexillum
(dor, dorsal rim; gcp, genital cup process; pa, paramere; vr, ventral rim). Scale, 1 mm.
Legs dark-castaneous, yellowish at apex of femora and base of tibiae. Connexival segments dark- to reddish-castaneous, narrowly bordered with yellow or light reddishcastaneous, over marginal sixth of each segment. Punctures fine, more concentrated entad to this stripe. Venter dark-castaneous, lateral margins with yellowish subcaloused stripe. Entad to spiracles, two longitudinal series of rounded yellow spots, one per segment, disposed in two rows: one lateral, on sternites III to VII and one median on sternites III to
VI
. This pattern varies intraspecifically; in some specimens, the external line presents two spots per segment on sternites III to
VI
. In some darker specimens, the spots may become less visible. Punctures fine, more concentrated along posteriormargin of sternites and on lateral thirds of venter. Spiracles yellowish-castaneous to black.
Male genitalia. Pygophore trapezoidal, wider apically. Lobes of dorsal rim inconspicuous. Genital cup processes broadly visible dorsally (
figs. 16, 26
). Parameres distally wide (
fig. 46
). Ventral rim broadly V-shaped (
fig. 36
).
Measurements (n=10). Headlength 1.90 (1.76-2.04) ± 0.09, width 2.98 (2.88-3.08) ± 0.07; interoculardistance 1.50 (1.44-1.60) ± 0.07; anteocularlength 0.65 (0.56-0.72) ± 0.05; lengthof antennalsegments: I - 0.90 (0.80-0.96) ± 0.05; II - 1.32 (1.04-1.52) ± 0.13; III - 1.44 (1.36-1.60) ± 0.09; IV - 3.07 (2.64-3.68) ± 0.32; V - 3.42 (2.96-4.08) ± 0.33; pronotallength 3.97 (3.67-4.26) ± 0.18, width 9.53 (9.19-10.02) ± 0.27; scutellarlength 6.45 (6.18-6.68) ± 0.20, width 6.04 (5.68-6.51) ± 0.22; coriumlength 8.98 (8.52-9.35) ± 0.32; abdominalwidth 10.30 (9.77-11.02) ± 0.39; totallength 14.14 (13.53-14.78) ± 0.44.
Female genitalia. Posterior borders of gonocoxites 8 straight over laterotergites 9. Sutural borders of gonocoxites 8 parallel (
fig. 58
). Gonocoxites 9 about three timeswider across arms apices than long medially; anterior border broadly U-shaped. Arms of gonocoxites 9 short, length equal to 1/6 of plate width. Thickening of vaginal intima ogival.
Ductus receptaculi
thin after vesicular area; slightly more than one and a half longer before than after this area.
Capsula seminalis
elliptical. Annular crests convergent (
fig. 68
).
Measurements (n=10). Headlength 2.11 (2.00-2.40) ± 0.12, width 3.20 (3.04-3.36) ± 0.09; interoculardistance 1.66 (1.60-1.76) ± 0.07; anteocularlength 0.68 (0.56-0.80) ± 0.07; lengthof antennalsegments: I - 0.85 (0.72-1.12) ± 0.11; II - 1.49 (1.28-1.68) ± 0.14; III - 1.60 (1.48-1.76) ± 0.09; IV - 3.39 (2.88-3.64) ± 0.25; V - 3.67 (3.20-3.92) ± 0.25; pronotallength 4.79 (4.18-6.18) ± 0.58, width 10.69 (9.85-11.61) ± 0.51; scutellarlength 7.37 (6.68-7.85) ± 0.35, width 6.81 (6.26-7.35) ± 0.31; coriumlength 10.14 (9.27-10.69) ± 0.57; abdominal width 11.92 (11.02-12.86) ± 0.62; totallength 16.22 (14.86-17.62) ± 0.83.
Material examined.
GUYANA
,,, 1943,
Bartlett
col. (
BMNH 1943-60, 1009
)
;,,
20.II.1937
,
R. Pomaron & A.S. Pinkus
(
AMNH
)
;
Kartabo
(
Distrito Bartica
),, 1922 (
BMNH 1954- 631
)
;
3, 4,
13.
VI
,
16, 30.VII
,
11.VIII.1922
,
M.D. Haviland
, d.d.
Collegium Newnhamense
(
BMNH 1954-631
)
.
SURINAME
,
Brokopondo
:
Brownsberg
, 3, 3,
19-21.VIII.1975
,
L.H. Rolston
(
DARC
)
;
Brownsberg
Nat. Pk.,,
19-22.VII.1975
,
D. Engleman
(
AMNH
)
.
VENEZUELA
,
Amazonas
:
Santa Lucía
,,
15-21.XI.1982
,
A. Chacon & G.Yepes
(
IZAV
)
.
BRAZIL
,
Amazonas
:
Tefé
,,
Raulin
,
Thayer Expedition
(
AMNH
)
;
Benjamin Constant
(
Rio Javari
),, 3,
1.II-15.III.1942
,
August Rabaut
(
AMNH
)
;
Rio Caiary-Uaupes
,, 1906, H. Schmidt (
AMNH
)
;
Rio Negro
(
Tupurumara
),,
9.II.1963
,
J. & B. Bechyné
(
MPEG
)
;
Pará
:
Peixe-Boi
,,
14.IV.1977
,
W. L. Overal
. (
MPEG
)
;,,
P. Waldir
(
MPEG
)
;
Jacareacanga
,,
X.69
,
R. Barbosa
(
AMNH
)
;
Itaituba
(
Santarensinho
,
Rio Tapajós
), 2,,
V.1962
,
Dirings
(
MZSP
)
;
Santa Maria do Guamá
,, 2,
26.II.1987
,
P. Tadeu
,
J. Dias
(
MPEG
)
;
,
26.II.1987
(
MPEG
)
;
Belém
(
Mocambo
), 2,
21.XII.1978
,
A. Ramos
(
MPEG
)
;
Óbidos (bx/
Amazonas
),,
Dirings
(
MZSP
)
;
Bujaru
,,
20.IV.1979
,
R.B. Neto
(
MPEG
)
;
Maranhão
:
Alto Turiaçu
(
Aldeia Gurupluna
),,
19-22.II.1990
,
Helder Queiroz
(
MPEG
)
;
Mato Grosso
:
10
o
25’S
59
o
28’W
(
300m
),,
17-22.III.1977
,
D. Engleman
(
AMNH
)
;
Rondônia
:
Ariquemes
(
62 Km SW
,
Fazenda Rancho Grande
),,
6-15.XII.1990
,
D.A. Rider & J.E. Eger
(
DARC
)
;
(Linea C-20, 7 Km E. B-65
),,
11-22.XI.1991
,
T.J. Riley
(
DARC
)
;
Ouro Preto do Oeste
(
Reserva
INPA
),,
26.III.1985
,
F.F. Ramos
(
MPEG
)
;
Vilhena
,,
17.XII.1986
,
C. Elias
(
DZUP
)
;
Pernambuco
:
Cabo
,, Distant Collection (
BMNH 1911-383
)
;
Goiás
:
Goiânia
,,
I.1936
,
Borgmeier & S. Lopes
(
UFRG
)
.
ECUADOR
,
Pichincha
:
Puerto Quito
,,
V.1982
,
G. Onore
(
BMNH 1982-246
)
;
Napo
:
Coca
,,,
XI
,
XII.1982
,
G. Onore
(
BMNH 1983-255
)
;
(tropical rainforest general collecting)
,
3,,
XI.1982
,
G. Onore
(
BMNH 1982-246
)
;
(
Pompeya on Napo R.
,
40 km
from Coca
),,
V.1965
,
L.E. Pena
(
AMNH
)
;
Loja
: S.E. Loja (
Rio Jumboe
, tributary Zamora R.),,
1-IV-1965
, idem (
AMNH
)
;
Zamora Chinchipe
:
Zamora
(
35 Mi Loja
),,,
1-5.IV.1965
, idem (
AMNH
)
.
PERU
,
Ucayali
:
Pucallpa
(
Alt.
600 ft.
),,
11.XI.1946
,
J.C. Pallister
(
AMNH
)
;
La Libertad
:
Cumpang
(
above Uctubamba,
2625m
),,
13.X.1979
,
L. J. Barkley
(
DARC
)
;
Huánuco
: 2,
23.XI.1946
, Alt.
2200 ft.
,
J.C. Pallister
col. (
AMNH
)
;
Tingo María
(Alt.
2200 ft.
),, 2,
23.IX
,
21.X.1946
,
J.C. Pallister
col. (
AMNH
)
;
Cuzco
:
Cosñipata
,, 6,
7.X.1966
, Carrasco (
UFRG
)
;
Pillcopata
,,
11.X.68
(
UFRG
)
;
Junín
:
Jauja Prov
.,
Satipo
,,
V.1945
, P. Paprzycki (
AMNH
)
;
Rio Santiago
,,
23.XI.1924
, F. 6012, H. Bassler Collection Acc. 33591 (
AMNH
)
;
Rio Morona
,,
17.I.1925
, F. 6194, H. Bassler Collection Acc. 33591 (
AMNH
)
;
Upper Rio Maranon
, 2,
26.VIII
,
11.X.1924
, F.6177, 6162, H. Bassler Collection Acc. 33591 (
AMNH
)
;
Middle Rio Maranon
,,
8.XI.1925
, H. Bassler Collection Acc. 33591 (
AMNH
)
;
Tarapoto Region
,,
6.I.1926
, F. 6042, H. Bassler Collection, Acc. 33591 (
AMNH
)
;
Achinamiza
,, 3,
14.X
,
20.XI.1927
, F. 6001, H. Bassler Collection Acc. 33591 (
AMNH
)
;
Moyobamba Region
,, 2,
12.I.1925
,
8.I.1926
,
5.XII.1945
, F. 6097, F. 6149, F. 6072,
H. Bassler Collection Acc.
33591 (
AMNH
)
.
BOLIVIA
, 3, 2, 1904,
J. Steinbach
col. (
BMNH 1904
-311)
;, 1898,
Coll. Noualhier
(
MNHN
)
;
Santa Cruz
:
Buena Vista Prov., Tohito
,
400m
, 2, 1956,
Franz Steinbach
(
AMNH
)
;
Cochabamba
:
Rio Cristal Mavu
(
50 mi
NE
Cochabamba
), 4, 4,
30.IX
,
27.X
,
12, 30.XI.
1949
,
L. Pena
(
AMNH
,
DARC
)
.
No data:,, (
AMNH
)
;
San Jose
, (
MRSN
)
.
Figs. 30-33. Pygophore, caudal (tenth segment omitted): 30,
Brachystethus geniculatus
; 31,
B. coxalis
; 32,
B. improvisus
; 33,
B. vicinus
(dor, dorsal rim; pa, paramere; vr, ventral rim). Scale, 1mm.
Distribution.
Guyana
,
Suriname
(Brokopondo),
Venezuela
(
Amazonas
),
Brazil
(Amazonas,
Pará
,
Maranhão
,
Mato Grosso
,
Rondônia
,
Pernambuco
,
Goiás
),
Ecuador
(Pichincha, Napo, Loja, Zamora Chinchipe),
Peru
(Ucayali, La Libertad, Huánuco, Cuzco, Junín),
Bolivia
(
Santa Cruz
,
Cochabamba
).
Comments.
Brachystethus cribrus
is the sister species of
B. schuhi
, sharing a homoplasticcharacter, presence of yellowish calli oncorium (
BARCELLOS
&
GRAZIA
, 2003
).
Brachystethus cribrus
is separatedfrom all other congeners by autapomorphic characters: abdomen with yellow spots and genital cup processes widely visible dorsally. It can also be distinguished from
B. schuhi
by homoplastic characters – pronotum with yellowish border, yellowish coxae and the inconspicuous lobes of dorsal rim. The yellowish margin of pronotum and the color pattern of coxae, femora and tibiae of
B. cribrus
are similar to those of
B. coxalis
,
B. improvisus
and
B. vicinus
, but can be easily distinguished by the yellow spots on the ventral surface of abdomen, the fourth antennal segment medially swollen and, on male genitalia, by the genital cup processes widely visible dorsally.