Morphological revision of the hyperdiverse Brueelia - complex (Insecta: Phthiraptera: Ischnocera: Philopteridae) with new taxa, checklists and generic key
Author
Bush, Sarah E.
text
Zootaxa
2017
2017-08-31
4313
1
1
443
journal article
32249
10.11646/zootaxa.4313.1.1
d8cc2cd8-8410-49aa-a75d-7a41d9f52b26
1175-5326
883161
A5Fdfba5-F992-44A8-84C2-1756C943C19B
Sychraella
Gustafsson & Bush
,
new genus
Type species.
Sychraella sinsutura
new species
Diagnosis.
Sychraella
n. gen.
(
Figs 106–107
) is most similar to some
Mirandofures
n. gen.
(
Figs 98–99
). Both genera have rows of
tps
on male tergopleurites V–VIII (also on male tergopleurite IV in
Sychraella
and some
Mirandofures
;
Table 2
), sexually dimorphic antennae, and lack
pns
but both genera have
s3
; together, these characters separate these genera from most
Brueelia
s. str.
(
Fig. 44
).
Mirandofures
(
Fig. 92
) and
Sychraella
(
Fig. 108
) are also similar in that both genera lack
pos
,
pst1
is situated distal to
pst2
(
Figs 96
,
104
,
112
), the parameres may have a distinct heel distal to mesosome (
Figs 104
,
112
),
vos
do not approach the vulval margin, and females lack all dorsal abdominal setae except the trichoid seta of segment VIII and the setae of segment IX+X.
Several characters separate
Sychraella
from
Mirandofures
: cross-piece in absent in
Mirandofures
(
Figs 97
,
105
), whereas in
Sychraella
(
Fig. 113
) there is a detached laterally submarginal cross-piece;
aps
or
psps
are present in
Sychraella
(
Figs 106–107
) but absent in
Mirandofures
(
Figs 90–91
);
Mirandofures
(
Fig. 92
) has a transversally continuous dorsal preantennal suture, but there is no preantennal suture in
Sychraella
(
Fig. 108
); marginal carinal plate present at osculum in
Mirandofures
(
Fig. 92
), but not in
Sychraella
(
Fig. 108
); mesosomal lobes are separate distally in
Mirandofures
(
Figs 95
,
103
), but fused in
Sychraella
(
Fig. 111
);
fI-p2
absent in
Mirandofures
, but present in
Sychraella
.
Description.
Both sexes
. Head flat-dome shaped (
Fig. 108
). Marginal carina uninterrupted; displaced posteriorly and dorsally at osculum. Ventral carinae clearly continuous with marginal carina anteriorly. Dorsal preantennal suture, dorsal anterior plate, and ventral anterior plate absent. Head setae as in
Fig. 108
;
as3, pns,
and
pos
absent. Coni long but slender. Antennae sexually dimorphic; male scapes and pedicel (
Fig. 108
) longer and thicker than in female (
Fig. 109
). Temporal carinae not visible;
mts
3
only macrosetae. Gular plate rhomboid.
Prothorax rectangular (
Figs 106–107
);
ppss
on postero-lateral corner. Proepimera slender, median ends hookshaped. Pterothorax trapezoidal; lateral margins slightly divergent; posterior margin flat or barely convergent to median point;
mss
widely separated medianly, and further separated into distinct groups (most conspicuous in female). Meso- and metasterna not fused, the latter very large; 1 seta on posterior margin on each side of each plate. Coxae II and III widely separated by wide metepisterna with broad, blunt median ends; metepisterna often diffuse and hard to see. Leg chaetotaxy as in
Fig. 25
, except
fI-d1, fI-v4, fII-v2
,
fIII-v2
absent;
cI-v1
thorn-like, very stout;
fI-v3–4
microsetae. Only one
cI-a
present. Only genus treated here in which
fI-p2
is present.
Abdomen oval in male, more elongated in female (
Figs 106–107
). Abdominal chaetotaxy as in
Table 2
. Female entirely lack dorsal abdominal setae, apart from trichoid setae on segment VIII. Tergopleurites rectangular in female, rounded triangular in male; tergopleurites II–IX+X in male and tergopleurites II–VIII in female narrowly divided medianly. Sternal plates broad, lateral margins concave, pigmentation more intense in anterior and posterior thirds than in middle section of each sternal plate; sternal plates do not approach pleurites. Pleural incrassations slender. Re-entrant heads large, translucent.
Male
subgenital plate broad, irregularly shaped, reaching distal end of abdomen. Female subgenital plate pentagonal, lateral margins concave, posterior extension rounded triangular, not approaching vulval margin. Detached cross-piece present, continuous with vulval margin medianly but lateral sections submarginal. Vulval margin with distinct median bulge (
Fig. 113
); slender
vms
, thorn-like
vss
;
vos
nn two parallel rows of slender setae on each side of subgenital plate; set not approaching vulval margin.
Basal apodeme broad, rectangular (
Fig. 110
). Proximal mesosome slender, with concave lateral margins. Gonopore large, dominating mesosome; open distally; anterior end with lateral extensions. Mesosomal lobes fused medianly, forming crescent distal to gonopore (
Fig. 111
); 1
ames
present antero-lateral to gonopore on each side. 1
pmes
present just lateral to gonopore on each side; 2 additional
pmes
present as microsetae near antero-lateral margins of each primary mesosomal lobe. Parameral heads (
Fig. 112
) bluntly bifid. Parameral blades strongly curved around mesosome; distinct heel present; blades elongated distally;
pst1
sensilla, distal to
pst2
near distal ends of parameres;
pst2
microseta, lateral, near distal tip.
Host
distribution.
Presently known only from two subspecies of
Pomatostomus isidorei
.
Geographical range.
Presently known only from New Guinea, but the host family extends to Australia.
Etymology.
Sychraella
is named in honour of phthirapterist Oldrich Sychra (University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno,
Czech Republic
), in recognition of his many contributions to louse taxonomy, and for his long friendship with the authors. Gender: feminine
Remarks.
The host
Pomatostomus temporalis strepitans
(Mayr &
Rand
, 1935)
, congeneric to the only known host of
Sychraella
, is parasitised by a very dissimilar species in the
Brueelia
-complex, which we here place in its own genus,
Anarchonirmus
n. gen.
(see below). The morphological differences among lice from these hosts echo recent hypotheses that the hosts are not close relatives. Indeed, recent authors have placed
P. isidorei
in the monotypic genus
Garritornis
Iredale, 1956
(
Cibois 2003
; Geland
et al
. 2008). In the future, molecular studies of these lice may help elucidate the evolutionary history of their hosts.
Included species
*
Sychraella sinsutura
new species