First report of the genus Orencostoma Moriuti (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae) from China, with descriptions of two new species Author Lou, Kang Author Li, Juan Author Wang, Shuxia text Zoological Systematics 2019 44 1 76 83 journal article 10.11865/zs.201902 2095-6827 5364837 C10FD340-9AC7-4FE5-9A07-1A3CA276929A Orencostoma divulgatum Wang sp. nov. ( Figs 1 , 3 , 5–9 ) Diagnosis. This species is similar to O. bicornigerum Moriuti, 1971 . It can be distinguished by the uncus smoothly concave on the posterior margin in the male genitalia and the presence of a signum in the female genitalia. In O. bicornigerum , the uncus is sinuate in W shape on the posterior margin and the signum is absent (Moruiti, 1971: 255, figs 4‒5). Differences between O. divulgatum Wang sp. nov. and O. semicirculum Wang sp. nov. are given under the latter species. Description. Adult ( Fig. 3 ) wingspan 8.0−10.0 mm. Vertex rough, white except brown between antennae; face smooth, white mixed with pale brown. Antenna about 3/5 length of forewing, greyish brown except scape white on ventral surface, flagellum ringed with white on dorsal surface. Labial palpus greyish brown mixed with white. Thorax and tegula white mixed with grey. Forewing ground color creamy white, scattered with greyish brown, pale rufous and black scales; costal margin in some individuals with a faint spot before apex due to fewer dark scales; ill-defined pale rufous basal patch subrounded; wide pale rufous band at basal 2/5; cilia pale grey, tipped with blackish brown. Hindwing and cilia pale grey. Fore- and midlegs ventrally black, dorsally white except tarsi blackish brown at apex of each tarsomere; hindleg pale ochreous white, tarsus with scattered brown scales, each tarsomere ringed with black distally. Male genitalia ( Figs 5‒9 ). Uncus sub-quadrate, shallowly concave or nearly straight at middle on posterior margin, produced to a sub-triangular or semicircular process posterolaterally. Socius widened or slightly widened medially, narrowed from about middle to apex, with a small spine apically; dorsal margin arched, ventral margin nearly straight. Gnathos with ventral plate semicircular or tongue shaped, spinous on ventral surface; lateral arms banded, almost uniform. Valva subrectangular or sub-triangular, slightly or distinctly narrowed to rounded apex, with length from 2.3 to 3.4 times of maximum width, ventral margin gently arched or produced beyond sacculus; costa banded, widened medially, narrowed toward both base and apex; transtilla elongate, narrowed to apex; sacculus small, sub-triangular, approximately 1/4 length of valva. Saccus about 2/3 length of socius, distinctly or slightly dilated distally. Phallus 3 times length of valva; cornuti being a few overlapped relatively larger spines followed by two rows of clustered microspines, placed distally. Female genitalia ( Figs 11 –12). Intersegmental membrane between papilla analis and eighth sternum wide and short. Apophyses anteriores 2/3 length of apophyses posteriores, ventral branch extended to lamella postvaginalis. Lamella postvaginalis being a narrow sclerotized transverse band, produced triangularly toward both ends. Antrum short, uniform. Ductus bursae extremely long and slender, twisted, granulous, slightly thickened from distal 1/3 to 1/6; ductus seminalis arising from near base. Corpus bursae elongate ovate, granulous entirely; signum pyriform, densely covered with rowed denticles throughout. Type material. Holotype ♂ , Mt. Baxian (40.19  N, 117.55  E), Ji County , Tianjin , 600 m , 23.IX.2006 , coll. Houhun Li et al . slide No. CPX15028 ♂ . Paratypes ( 305♂ 169♀ ). Tianjin : 2♂ 4♀ , Limutai , Ji County , 300 m , 11. VI .2004 ‒ 1.VII. 2007 , coll. Houhun Li et al ., slide No. JQ 08265 ♂ ; 10♂ 10♀ , Mt. Jiulong , Ji County , 130‒200 m , 5.IX.2001 ‒ 27. VI .2004 , coll. Houhun Li et al ., genitalia slide Nos. XYL03411 ♂ , FXM07021 ♂ , FXM07022 ♂ , BHY06074 ♀ , JQ08267 ♀ ; 16♂ 11♀ , Mt. Baxian , Ji County , 500‒600 m , 7.IX.2001 ‒ 23.IX.2006 , coll. Houhun Li et al ., genitalia slide Nos. LK 16001 ♂ , CPX15075 ♀ , JQ10105 ♂ , JQ10106 ♀ ; 15♂ 5♀ , Heishuihe , Mt. Baxian , Ji County , 550 m , 19. VI ‒16.IX.2009 , coll. Bingbing Hu , Jing Zhang , Zhipin Liang ; 3♂ , Heishuihe , Mt. Baxian , Ji County , 600 m , 23.VIII‒12.IX.2010 , coll. Yinghui Mou , Mingrui Zhang , Shurong Liu. Hebei : 9♂ 13♀ , Mt. Wuling , Xinglong County , 1000 m , 15‒16. VI .2014 , coll. Shurong Liu et al ., genitalia slide Nos. CPX15057 ♂ , CPX14166 ♂ , CPX15076 ♂ , LK15051 ♂ , LK15050 ♂ , CPX15087 ♂ , CPX15088 ♂ , CPX15082 ♂ , CPX15078 ♂ , LK15065 ♀ , CPX14176 ♀ , LK15067 ♀ , CPX15089 ♀ , CPX15077 ♀ , CPX15081 ♀ ; 1♂ , Mt. Wuling , 800 m , 30. VI .2012 , coll. Houhun Li , Shuxia Wang et al ., genitalia slide No. CPX15056 ; 2♂ 1♀ , Shuangyuanfeng , Mt. Wuling , Xinglong County , 800 m , 16.VII‒6.IX.2012 , coll. Houhun Li , Yanpeng Cai , Qiang Gao , genitalia slide Nos. LK 15048 ♂ , LK15049 ♂ , LK15068 ♀ . Shanxi : 5♂ 2♀ , Xizhashui Village , Lingchuan County , 900 m , 12‒15.VII.2010 , coll. Haiyan Bai , Linlin Yang , genitalia slide Nos. CPX15026 ♂ , LK15077 ♂ , LK15078 ♂ , LK15075 ♂ , LK15079 ♂ , CPX15027 ♀ , LK15076 ♀ ; 1♀ , Mt. Lingkong , Qinyuan County , 1560 m , 31.VII.2013 , coll. Tengteng Liu , Peixin Cong , genitalia slide No. LK 15074 ; 1♀ , Mt. Luya , Ningwu County , 1450 m , 19. VI .2011 , coll. Shulian Hao , Jiayu Liu , genitalia slide No. CPX15005 ; 1♂ , Dahe Forest Farm, 1340 m , 12.VII.2012 , coll. Qiang Gao , Na Chen , genitalia slide No. LK 15080 ; 1♀ , Mt. Mian , Jiexiu County , 1370 m , 16.VII.2014 , coll. Tengteng Liu , Meiqing Yang , Sihan Lu. Zhejiang : 1♂ , Laodian , Kaishan , Mt. Tianmu , 1140 m , 17.VIII.1999 , coll. Houhun Li et al ., genitalia slide No. CPX15050 ; 24♂ 9♀ , Qingliangfeng , Linan City , 900 m , 8‒ 11.VIII.2005 , coll. Yunli Xiao , genitalia slide Nos. LK 16004 ♂ , LK16005 ♂ , CPX15048 ♂ , CPX15049 ♀ ; 1♂ 1♀ , Wuyanling , Taishun County , 400‒930 m , 31.VII‒1.VIII.2005 , coll. Yunli Xiao ; 1♂ , Mt. Fengyang , Longquan , Lishui City , 1470 m , 26.VII.2007 , coll. Qing Jin ; 1♂ , Chishui Village , Zhangshui Town , Yinzhou District , Ningbo City , 450 m , 26.VII.2015 , coll. Aihui Yin , Kang Lou , Tao Wang ; 1♀ , Tianmushan Village , Mt. Tianmu , 335 m , 1.VII.2014 , coll. Aihui Yin , Xuemei Hu , Qingyun Wang ; 8♂ 1♀ , Qianqingtang , Qingliangfeng , 1100 m , 15‒16. V .2012 , coll. Linlin Yang , Zhenguo Zhang , genitalia slide Nos. CPX15080 ♂ , LK15063 ♂ , LK15064 ♂ , LK15066 ♂ , LK15069 ♂ , LK15071 ♂ , LK15072 ♂ , CPX15029 ♀ ; 1♂ , Shunxiwu , Qingliangfeng , 390 m , 19. V .2012 , coll. Linlin Yang , Zhenguo Zhang , genitalia slide No. LK 15070 ; 2♂ 2♀ , Yulingguan , Qingliangfeng , 220 m , 23.VII.2014 , coll. Aihui Yin , Xuemei Hu , Qingyun Wang , genitalia slide Nos. LK 15053 ♂ , LK15054 ♂ ; 1♂ 4♀ , Longxushan Village , Mt. Longxu , 778 m , 20‒21.VIII.2014 , coll. Aihui Yin , Qingyun Wang , Suran Li , genitalia slide Nos. LK 15052 ♂ , CPX14168 ♀ ; 1♂ , Pinggang , Mt. Longxu , 754 m , 25.VIII.2014 , coll. Aihui Yin , Qingyun Wang , Suran Li , genitalia slide No. LK 15062 ; 8♂ 2♀ , Jiufu Village , Mt. Longtang , 520 m , 25.VII‒31.VIII.2014 , coll. Aihui Yin , Qingyun Wang , Suran Li , genitalia slide Nos. LK 15055 ♂ , LK15056 ♂ , LK15057 ♂ , LK15058 ♂ , LK15059 ♂ , LK15060 ♂ , LK15061 ♂ , LK15063 ♂ , CPX15059 ♂ , CPX15058 ♀ ; 2♂ , Ganzhuling , Simingshan Town , Yuyao City , 853 m , 24  25.VII.2015 , coll. Aihui Yin , Kang Lou , Tao Wang ; 1♂ 1♀ , Huangtanyu , Mt. Jiulong , 467 m , 3‒6.VII.2013 , coll. Aihui Yin , Xiuchun Wang , genitalia slide Nos. CPX14170 ♂ , LK15073 ♀ ; 68♂ 15♀ , Jiutangshan Forestry station , Qingliangfeng , Linan City , 550 m , 14. V .2017 , coll. Shuonan Qian , Ga-Eun Lee , genitalia slide No. LJ 17398 ♀ ; 12♂ 15♀ , Longtangshanzhuang , Qingliangfeng , Linan City , 500 m , 12‒15. V .2017 , coll. Shuonan Qian , Ga-Eun Lee , genitalia slide No. LJ 17362 ♂ ; 2♂ 4♀ , Mt. Gutian , Kaihua County , Quzhou City , 310 m , 16‒20. V . 2017 , coll. Shuonan Qian , Ga-Eun Lee , genitalia slide No. LJ 17361 ♂ . Fujian : 1♀ , Daiyun Village , Mt. Daiyun , Dehua County , 850m , 15.IX.2002 , coll. Xinpu Wang ; 1♂ , Sangang , Mt. Wuyi , 740 m , 19. V .2004 , coll. Haili , Yu ; 7♂ 2♀ , Mt. Tianzhu , Xiamen City , 220 m ,. 13.VIII‒10.IX.2010 , Bingbing Hu , Jing Zhang , Yinghui Sun , genitalia slide Nos. LK15081 ♂ , LK15082 ♂ , LK15083 ♂ , LK15084 ♂ , LK15085 ♂ , LK15086 ♂ , LK15087 ♂ , CPX15031 ♀ ; 2♂ 1♀ , Tongmu Village , Mt. Wuyi , 2. V .2014 , coll. Xiaofei Yang , genitalia slide Nos. CPX15034 ♂ , LK15088 ♂ . Henan : 5♂ 12♀ , Liulou , Zushi Town , Gushi County , 120 m , 11‒20. V .1995 , coll. Guangyun Yan , genitalia slide Nos. XYL03410 ♂ , CPX15041 ♂ , CPX15042 ♀ , FXM07019 ♂ , FXM07020 ♀ , XYL03409 ♀ ; 1♀ , Mt. Jigong , Xinyang City , 700 m , 9.VII.1997 , coll. Houhun Li ; 2♂ 1♀ , Mt. Baiyun , Song County , 1500 m , 8.IX.2000 , coll. Houhun Li , Karsholt , genitalia slide No. JQ 10066 ♀ ; 1♂ , Mt. Baiyun , Luoyang City , 1560 m , 23.VII.2001 , coll. Dandan Zhang ; 1♀ , Mt. Baiyun , Song County , 1580m , 24.VII.2002 , coll. Xinpu Wang ; 1♂ , Shiziping , Lushi County , 1000 m , 30. V .2000 , coll. Meicai Wei ; 1♀ , Qihe , Lushi County , 1150 m , 30. V .2000 , coll. Meicai Wei ; 1♀ , Xiaguan , Neixiang County , 650 m , 10.VII.1998 , coll. Houhun Li ; 64♂ 15♀ , Baotianman , Neixiang County , 1200 m , 25. V ‒2. VI .2006 , coll. Jinmei Lv , Xu Zhang , genitalia slide Nos. CPX15074 ♂ , CPX15039 ♂ , JQ10065 ♂ , LK16002 ♂ , CPX15040 ♀ , CPX15065 ♀ , LK17128 ♀ , LK17129 ♀ , LK17130 ♀ , LK17131 ♀ , LK17132 ♀ ; 4♂ , Xiuwu Forest Farm, Mt. Yuntai , Jiaozuo City , 1028 m , 10‒12.VIII.2014 , coll. Peixin Cong , Sha Hu , Linjie Liu , genitalia slide No. CPX14169 . Hunan : 1♂ , Zhangjiajie , 650 m , 17.VIII.2001 , coll. Houhun Li , Xinpu Wang , genitalia slide No. XYL03583 ; 1♀ , Cangxi Town , Xinhua County , 8.VIII.2004 , coll. Yunli Xiao. Guangxi : 1♀ , Jinxiu County , 600m , 24.IV.2008 , coll. Hui Zhen , Li Zhang , genitalia slide No. JQ07383 ; 3♂ 4♀ , Shaoping Forest Farm, Pingxiang County , 280 m , 31.III.2012 ‒ 13.IV.2013 , coll. Xiaofei Yang , genitalia slide Nos. CPX15054 ♂ , LK15089 ♂ ; 1♂ , Milv , Nanping , Shangsi County , 770 m , 3.IV.2002 , coll. Shulian Hao , Huaijun Xue. Sichuan : 1♂ 2♀ , Shuzheng , Jiuzhaigou , 2300‒2400 m , 16‒17.VIII.2002 , coll. Shulian Hao , genitalia slide Nos. CPX15030 ♂ , CPX15061 ♀ , CPX15062 ♀ ; 1♀ , Wolong , 2008 m , 26.VII.2005 , coll. Haili Yu. Chongqing : 1♂ , Laosimianshan , Mt. Simian , 1280 m , 13.VII.2012 , coll. Yinghui Sun , Aihui Yin , genitalia slide No. LK 16006. Guizhou : 4♂ 8♀ , Suoluo , Chishui City , 240 m , 21‒22.IX.2000 , coll. Haili Yu , genitalia slide Nos. CPX15043 ♂ , CPX15044 ♂ ; 1♂ 1♀ , Huguoshi , Mt. Fanjing , 1390 m , 28‒29. V .2002 , coll. Xinpu Wang ; 1♀ , Lijiaba , Mayanghe , 700 m , 29.IX.2007 , coll. Hui Zhen , genitalia slide No. CPX15055 ♀ . Yunnan : 2♂ , Mt. Weibao , 2205 m , 30.VII‒1.VIII.2014 , coll. Wei Guan , Xiuchun Wang , Shurong Liu , genitalia slide No. CPX15053 ♂ ; 1♂ 2♀ , Natong Village , Bingzhongluo Country , Gongshan County , Nujiang , 1767 m , 15‒16. VI .2017 , coll. Kaijian Teng et al. , genitalia slide No. LJ 17360 ♂ . Shaanxi : 1♂ , Shangdong , Ziyang County , 350 m , 21. V .1994 , coll. Jin Zhou , genitalia slide No. XYL03437 ; 2♀ , Tieyupu , Danfeng County , 680 m , 28‒29. V .1994 , coll. Jin Zhou , genitalia slide Nos. XYL03412 ♀ , CPX15047 ♀ ; 1♀ , Xunyangba , Ningshan County , 1360 m , 1.VII.2007 , coll. Haili Yu. Gansu : 4♂ , Dangchuan Forest Farm, Tianshui City , 1331‒ 1342 m , 28‒29.VII.2006 , coll. Xinpu Wang , Xiangfeng Shi , genitalia slide No. CPX15051 . Figures 3‒4. Orencostoma spp. 3 . O. divulgatum Wang sp. nov. , ♂, holotype. 4. O. semicirculum Wang sp. nov. , ♂, holotype. Scales bars = 2.0 mm. Distribution. China ( Tianjin , Hebei , Shanxi , Henan , Shaanxi , Gansu , Zhejiang , Hunan , Fujian , Guangxi , Sichuan , Chongqing, Guizhou, Yunnan ). Figures 5  7. Male genitalia (left) and enlarged saccus (right) of Orencostoma divulgatum Wang sp. nov. 5. Holotype, slide No. CPX15028, from Zhejiang. 6. Paratype, slide No. CPX15041, from Henan. 7. Paratype, slide No. LK15049♂, from Hebei. Scale bars: 5  7 =0.25 mm; 5a  7a= 0.1 mm. Etymology. The specific epithet is derived from the Latin divulgatus , meaning widespread, referring to this species is widespread in China . Figures 8‒10. Male genitalia (left) and enlarged saccus (right) of Orencostoma spp. 8 –9. O . divulgatum Wang sp. nov. , paratype. 8. Slide No. LK16004, from Zhejiang; 9. slide No. CPX15030, from Sichuan. 10. O . semicirculum Wang sp. nov. , paratype, slide No. CPX15064, from Ningxia. Scale bars: 8‒10 =0.25 mm; 8a‒10a =0.1 mm. Variations. This species is widely distributed in China , with minor variations. The valva is sub-rectangular or subtriangular, length varying from 2.3 to 3.4 times of maximum width; the saccus is dilated to different degrees distally ( Figs 5a ‒ 9a ); and the ductus bursae is 3 times ( Fig. 11 ) or 4.5 times (Fig. 12) the length of the corpus bursae.