Four new species of Stenocercus Dumeril & Bibron, 1837 (Squamata, Iguania) from the Department of Amazonas in northeastern Peru
Author
Venegas, Pablo J.
Instituto Peruano de Herpetologia (IPH), Augusto Salazar Bondy 136, Urb. Higuereta, Surco, Lima, Peru & Division de Herpetologia, Centro de Ornitologia y Biodiversidad (CORBIDI), Santa Rita No. 105 Of. 202, Urb. Huertos de San Antonio, Surco, Lima, Peru
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6501-4492
pvenegas@corbidi.org
Author
Garcia-Ayachi, Luis A.
Instituto Peruano de Herpetologia (IPH), Augusto Salazar Bondy 136, Urb. Higuereta, Surco, Lima, Peru & Division de Herpetologia, Centro de Ornitologia y Biodiversidad (CORBIDI), Santa Rita No. 105 Of. 202, Urb. Huertos de San Antonio, Surco, Lima, Peru
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3529-1261
Author
Chavez-Arribasplata, Juan C.
Instituto Peruano de Herpetologia (IPH), Augusto Salazar Bondy 136, Urb. Higuereta, Surco, Lima, Peru & Division de Herpetologia, Centro de Ornitologia y Biodiversidad (CORBIDI), Santa Rita No. 105 Of. 202, Urb. Huertos de San Antonio, Surco, Lima, Peru
Author
Chavez, German
Instituto Peruano de Herpetologia (IPH), Augusto Salazar Bondy 136, Urb. Higuereta, Surco, Lima, Peru & Division de Herpetologia, Centro de Ornitologia y Biodiversidad (CORBIDI), Santa Rita No. 105 Of. 202, Urb. Huertos de San Antonio, Surco, Lima, Peru
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9291-156X
Author
Wong, Ivan
Macanche RAM, Urb. 06 de Setiembre Mz. H, lote 20, Piura, Peru
Author
Garcia-Bravo, Antonio
Division de Herpetologia, Centro de Ornitologia y Biodiversidad (CORBIDI), Santa Rita No. 105 Of. 202, Urb. Huertos de San Antonio, Surco, Lima, Peru & Escuela de Ingenieria Forestal, Facultad de Ingenieria y Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodriguez de Mendoza de Amazonas. Calle Higos Urco N 342 - 350 - 356. Amazonas, Peru
text
Evolutionary Systematics
2020
4
2
79
108
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.4.57578
journal article
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.4.57578
2535-0730-2-79
361BA656C8DC4F1DA7B8A167E95B2BB9
25215E4779855297B5CEA4AB9DE9BC33
Stenocercus aculeatus
O'Shaughnessy
, 1879
Figs 4C, D
, 8B
, 9B, D, F
, 15
Note.
An elusive species represented by five specimens in museum collections (
Cadle 2001
;
Torres-Carvajal 2007a
). Currently it is known from five localities at elevations of 723 and 1311 m between Zamora, in the Andes of southern Ecuador, and its southernmost record in Pampa Seca at Department of La Libertad in northern Peru (
Cadle 2001
;
Torres-Carvajal and Carvajal-Campos 2009
). No data about its natural history and coloration in life exist and probably due to its disjunct distribution more than one species is represented under its specific epithet.
Collecting specimens in the Andes of northern Peru for almost two decades, we acquired only two specimens of
S. aculeatus
in two locations of Abra Patricia at elevations of 1700 and 1990 m, just at the limits of the departments of Amazonas and San
Martin
(Fig.
5
). Extending its altitudinal range by 679 m above its previously known record, Pampa Seca in the Mishollo Valley, at an elevation of 1311 m (
Cadle 2001
), one of the specimens (CORBIDI 1712) is also the first report for the Department Amazonas. Both specimens have scale counts similar to the description of
Torres-Carvajal (2007a)
.
Abra Patricia is the pass between the
Rio
Chiriaco and
Rio
Mayo basins located in the Peruvian Yungas, according to
Olson et al. (2001)
. It is a steep area mostly covered by humid montane forest with an abundance of orchids, bromeliads, lichens and
Chusquea
spp. Kunth, 1882. The forest at the base and on the slopes is 3 to 5 m of high, decreasing in height toward the tops. Some slopes are rocky and very steep with only shrubby vegetation or long grasses. The weather is rainy most of the year and hours with sun are usually limited.
One specimen (CORBIDI 11483) was collected by ornithologists of the Louisiana State University during an ornithological expedition to Abra Patricia in August 2002. The specimen is an adult male of 95 mm SVL preserved in ethanol with an overall dark gray coloration. Only a black patch extensively covering the gular region is dark enough to observe. Although no collecting data is available for this specimen the area where it was collected is a steep slope covered by montane forest near a cleared area for cattle ranching.
The second individual (Fig.
15
) is another adult male (CORBIDI 1712) of 80 mm SVL and was collected by P.J. Venegas in October 2008. This specimen was encountered during the morning at 1000 hours on the top of long grass at a height of 50 cm in a flat area with scattered scrubs and grasses close to the road. The specimen was lethargic due to lack of sun, being easy to capture. The same day at 1200 hours three more individuals were observed: one male basking at the base of long grasses on a steep rocky wall close to the road and a couple were observed on a trail along a summit covered by scrub and scattered boulders to 200 m from the road. These individuals ran to hide at the base of dense scrub when they detected PJV getting closer, and were impossible to capture.
Figure 15.
Stenocercus aculeatus
preserved specimen, adult male, SVL 80 mm (CORBIDI 1712): dorsal (
A
), lateral (
B
), and ventral (
C
) views of the head; dorsal (
D
) and ventral (
E
) views of the entire specimen. Photographs by Luis A.
Garcia-Ayachi
. Scale bars: 10 mm.
Coloration in life of adult males (CORBIDI 1712): dorsal surface (Fig.
4C
) is dusty brown with a sepia hue on dorsum, bearing dark brown transverse bands with narrow cream interspaces; vertebral crest is greenish yellow with the tip of some spines brown; limbs and tail with faint cream transverse stripes; coloration of flanks similar to dorsum but with the ventrolateral region bluish; side of neck and arm insertion cream; dorsal surface of head dark brown with the occipital region darker; sides of head dark brown with the loreal and subocular region white, interrupted by a diagonal dark brown subocular stripe, snout dark brown, tympanic region and ventrolateral region of neck black. Ventrally (Fig.
4D
), the anterior half of the gular region dirty cream and the rest of the gular region and ventral surface of neck black; chest, forearms and belly brownish cream with a thin dark brown stripe from the chest to the end of belly, sides of belly bluish gray; pelvic region and ventral surface of hindlimbs tan, a cream blotch on the cloacal region; proximal half of tail creamy tan with faint brown transverse bands the rest of tail brown.