Rafaelomyia, a remarkable new genus of South American long-legged flies (Diptera, Dolichopodidae) Author Soares, Matheus M. M. Graduate Program in Entomology (PPG-Ent), Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Av. André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis, CEP 69067 - 375, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil Author Capellari, Renato S. Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de São Paulo (IFSP), Campus Avaré, Av. Prof. Celso Ferreira da Silva, 1333 - Jardim Europa II, Avaré - SP, CEP 18707 - 150 Author Ramos-Pastrana, Yardany Universidad de la Amazonia, Grupo de Investigación en Entomología Universidad de la Amazonia (GIEU), Laboratório de Entomologia, Av. 11 5 - 69 Juan XXIII, Florencia, Caquetá, Colombia text Zootaxa 2023 2023-12-19 5389 2 151 172 https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5389.2.1/52508 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.5389.2.1 1175-5326 10406732 CDC5E9AC-B029-4D3F-B4C9-75EC018BA9C3 Rafaelomyia uniamazonia Ramos-Pastrana & Soares sp. nov. ( Figs 7 , 8 ) Diagnosis (males). Body length 6 mm ( Fig. 7A ); femora mostly yellow, except dorsal and ventral surfaces of femora I and II darkened and apical 1/3 of femur III brown to dark brown ( Fig. 7A ); wing dark brown, vein R 2+3 not thickened ( Fig. 7F ); outer branch of cercus with subtriangular, weakly sclerotized and bare projection near apex ( Fig. 8B, C ); hypandrium with a short concavity and two very short dentiform projections at apex ( Fig. 8G, H ); phallus abruptly narrowing at apex, with wide and lobulated preapical processes ( Fig. 8E, F ). Description. Male ( Fig. 7A ). Body length: 6 mm ; wing length: 6 mm , width: 2 mm (n = 1). Head ( Fig. 7B–D ). Face as wide as ocellar tubercle, eyes almost parallel sided, only slightly narrowing at middle of face. Palpus oval, short, black, covered with short stout setae and yellowish pruinosity, with tuff of long brown setae at apical 1/2. Thorax ( Fig. 7A, B ). Mesonotum mostly metallic dark green with weak bluish reflections. Wing ( Fig. 7F ). Membrane and veins dark brown. R 4+5 nearly straight, slightly curved posteriorly near apex; M 1 nearly straight and almost parallel sided with R 4+5 , slightly curved posteriorly at apex; CuA+CuP long, ending at basal 1/2 of cell bm+dm. Legs ( Fig. 7A ). Mostly brown to dark brown, except apical 1/2 of lateral surface yellow of coxa I, all trochanter, anterior and posterior surfaces of femora I and II, basal 1/2 and basal 2/3 of anterior surface of femur III yellow. Leg I. Podomere ratios: 69, 65, 36/16/11/9/11. Tibia I with 3 strong anterodorsal setae at: 1.5/6, 3.5/6 and apex, anterodorsal row of short setae from basal 2/6 to apex, about as long as width of tibia, ventral row of long slender setae from basal 1.5/6 to apex, about 1.5X longer than width of tibia ( MSSC ). Leg II. Podomere ratios: 79, 80, 50/34/23/12/12.Anterior surface of coxa II covered with vestiture of long setae and dark silvery pruinosity, outer edge with 3 long setae, 2 near middle and 1 near apex, inner edge with row of long setae, apical edge with long setae. Femur II with row of 6 long setae increasing in length at apex ventrally. Tibia II with 2 stout anterodorsal setae at: 1.5/6 and 3.5/6, 3 stout posterodorsal setae at: 1/6, 2/6 and 3/6, and crown of strong setae at apex: 1 antero- and 1 posterodorsal, 1 dorsal, 1 posteroventral and 1 ventral long seta, about 1/2 as long as IIt 1 . Leg III. Podomere ratios: 105, 105, 30/45/28/18/15. Femur III with dorsal row of long erect setae at basal 1/2, slightly longer than width of femur at broadest point, 1 long dorsal seta at 4.5/6, 4–5 strong anteroventral setae at apical 1/3. Abdomen ( Fig. 7A , not dissected). Mostly dark brown, with weak greenish reflections, tergites 6, 7 and sternite 8 darker. Hypopygium ( Figs 7E , 8 ). Pale brownish, somewhat triangular. Cercus mostly yellow, distinctly longer than epandrial capsule, divided into two branches ( Figs 7E , 8A ). Outer branch of cercus longer, somewhat digitiform, with rounded apex, slightly bent ventrally at apical 1/2 with inner wide, subtriangular, weakly sclerotized and bare projection near apex; outer surface covered with long strong setae, longer at apex of dorsal edge, apical 1/4 of ventral edge and inner surface covered with a few short, slender yellow setae ( Fig. 8B, C ). Inner branch of cercus short, slender, somewhat digitiform, about 1/2 as long as outer branch, dorsal surface covered with short erect setae, longer at apex ( Fig. 8B, C ). Surstylus somewhat triangular, with acute apex, about 1/4 as long as epandrial capsule, inner edge with 3 short slender setae, 1 near base, 2 near middle, and 1 stout seta dorsally at apex ( Fig. 8A, D ). Hypandrium slightly curved ventrally at apex, about 2.5X longer than wide, with short concavity and two very short dentiform projections at apex ( Fig. 8G, H ). Phallus slightly longer than epandrial capsule, widening near base, and abruptly narrowing at apex, with wide and lobulated preapical processes ( Fig. 8E, F ). Postgonite noose-shaped, surrounding base of phallus, fused to hypandrial arms ( Fig. 8E ). Ejaculatory apodeme short and somewhat digitiform, well sclerotized and narrowing towards apex ( Fig. 8E ). FIGURE 7. Rafaelomyia uniamazonia Ramos-Pastrana & Soares sp. nov. , male holotype (LEUA). A. Habitus, lateral view; B. Thorax, dorsal view; C, D. Head, anterior and lateral views, respectively; E. Terminalia, left lateral view; F. Left wing. FIGURE 8. Rafaelomyia uniamazonia Ramos-Pastrana & Soares sp. nov. , male holotype (LEUA). A. Hypopygium, left lateral view; B–C. Cercus, ventral and dorsal views, respectively; D. Right surstylus; E. Internal appendages, right lateral view; F. Phallus, ventral view; G–H. Hypandrium, ventral and left lateral views. Abbreviations: cerc pr = process of cercus; ej apod = ejaculatory apodeme; epand = epandrium; epand s = epandrial seta; hypd = hypandrium; inn cerc = inner branch of cercus; out cerc = outer branch of cercus; pgt = postgonite; ph = phallus; ph pr = process of phallus; sur = surstylus. Female. Unknown. Type examined material. HOLOTYPE ♂ ( Fig. 8A ) labelled as: “ COLOMBIA : Huila , Garzón | Vda.[Vereda] Las Mercedes , Parque Regional Natural | Regional Cerro Páramo de Miraflores , | 02°08′06″N 75°30′04″W , 2.074 m | 24.xi–08.xii.2022 Malaise, Ramos-Pastrana, Y. (LEUA)” “HOLOTYPE | Ramos-Pastrana & Soares [red label]” Holotype condition: Good , terminalia dissected and stored in microvial, left wing glued to paper triangle. PARATYPE : Same data as holotype except, 14.i.–2.ii.2023 ( 1 ♂ , LEUA ) . Remarks. Rafaelomyia uniamazonia sp. nov. is remarkably similar to R . inpa sp. nov. as discussed above (see remarks under R . inpa sp. nov. ), but can be differentiated by the larger size 6.0 mm ( Fig. 7A ), wing membrane dark brown ( Fig. 7F ) and apex of phallus with a wide preapical lobulated process ( Fig. 8E, F ). Etymology. Rafaelomyia uniamazonia sp. nov. is named after the shorthand name for the Universidade de la Amazonia in Valencia, Colombia . Distribution. The new species is known to occur only from the type locality, at the district of Huila in Colombia ( Fig. 13B ).