Order Rodentia - Family Cricetidae Author Wilson, Don E. Author Reeder, DeeAnn text 2005 The Johns Hopkins University Press Baltimore Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 2 955 1189 book chapter 0-8018-8221-4 10.5281/zenodo.7316535 Myodes andersoni Thomas 1905 Myodes andersoni Thomas 1905 , Abstr. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1905 (23): 18 . Type Locality: Japan , Honshu, Iwate Prefecture , Tsunagi, near Morioka. Vernacular Names: Anderson's Red-backed Vole . Synonyms: Myodes niigatae (Anderson 1909) . Distribution: Known only from C and N Honshu Isl ( Kaneko, 1994 ). Conservation: IUCN – Vulnerable as Phaulomys andersoni . Discussion: Originally named as a species of Evotomys , later included in the synonymy of C. rufocanus smithii ( Ellerman and Morrison-Scott, 1951 ) , and eventually revised by Aimi (1980) as a species of Eothenomys . Subsequently arranged as a species of Phaulomys ( Musser and Carleton, 1993 ) , Eothenomys ( Kaneko, 1994 ) , or Clethrionomys ( Pavlinov et al., 1995 a ) . Evidence for treatment under Myodes is explained in account of M. smithii . Species reviewed by Kaneko (1994 , as Eothenomys ). Kaneko et al. (1992 a ) documented vertical distributions, zone of overlap ( 650-1325 m ), and morphological separation of M. andersoni (alpine habitats generally above 1000 m ) and M. smithii in C Honshu (also see Kimura et al., 1994 , 1999). Honshu specimens of problematic identification can be confidently associated using Y-chromosome morphology, certain external proportions and cranial traits, and mammae formula (Iwasa, 2000; Iwasa and Tsuchiya, 2000 ). G-band chromosomal homologies between M. andersoni and M. rufocanus documented by Obara (1986) . Junior synonymy of niigatae , occasionally treated as specifically distinct, clarified by Aimi (1980) based on morphological traits. His conclusion is strongly corroborated by cross-breeding experiments ( Kitahara and Kimura, 1995 ), analyses of mitochondrial and nuclear ribosomal DNA ( Suzuki et al., 1999 b ), and C-banding comparisons of the Y chromosome ( Iwasa and Tsuchiya, 2000 ); however, Kaneko (1994) continued to recognize niigatae as a valid species occurring in C Honshu .