First record of the order Polyzoniida from the Indian subcontinent with an integrative description of a new genus (Diplopoda, Colobognatha, Siphonotidae) Author Anilkumar, Pooja Avinipully Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change, Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig, Bonn, Germany. Author Wesener, Thomas 0000-0002-2028-3541 Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change, Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig, Bonn, Germany. & T. Wesener @ leibniz-lib. de; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 2028 - 3541 esener@leibniz-lib.de Author Moritz, Leif 0000-0002-6028-5189 Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change, Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig, Bonn, Germany. & Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Animal Ecology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany. & moritz. leif @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6028 - 5189 moritz.leif@gmail.com text Zootaxa 2022 2022-09-08 5182 5 401 428 journal article 138998 10.11646/zootaxa.5182.5.1 1b35fb1e-b051-429f-87fe-079aac9196ae 1175-5326 7059565 E70EB74A-DC7E-482D-AE4D-D58FB3CD4F5A Theratta mannavan n. sp. Anilkumar, Wesener & Moritz Figs 2–6 Diagnosis. Head pointed ( Fig. 3A ) rather than broad and slightly stout as in Theratta eravikulam n. sp. ( Fig. 8A ) and Theratta shola n. sp. ( Fig. 10A ). T. mannavan n. sp. shares with T. shola n. sp. the wave-like curve centrally on the posterior margin of the prozonites ( Fig. 4A ), while such a curve is absent in T. eravikulam n. sp. ( Fig. 8E ). Differs from T. eravikulam n. sp. and T. shola n. sp. by the absence of the line fold at the anterior region, separating the ganthochilarium from the rest of the head ( Fig. 3F ). T. mannavan n. sp. differs from T. eravikulam n. sp. by the mesal process and lamellar process of the anterior gonopod each being triangular distally ( Fig. 5E ), whereas these processes are rounder and broader in T. eravikulam n. sp. ( Figs 9D, F ). Posterior gonopod consisting of four podomeres ( Fig. 6I ), while it consists of six podomeres in T. eravikulam n. sp. ( Fig. 9C ) and T. shola n. sp. ( Fig. 11F ). T. mannavan n. sp. shows a genetic p-distance in the COI gene of 20.9 % to T. eravikulam n. sp. and 21. 7 % to T. shola n. sp. . FIGURE 2. Theratta mannavan n. sp. . A, B: M paratype (ZFMK-MYR 9482A1). A: Habitus. B: Head, lateral view. C, D: Habitats, Mannavan Shola, Annamudi Shola National Park, Kerala, India. Abbreviations: an = antenna; co = collum; gp = gonopod; ms = macroseta; om = ommatidia. FIGURE 3. Theratta mannavan n. sp. , SEM. A, D, E: M paratype (ZFMK-MYR 9483A). B, C, F, G: M holotype (ZFMKMYR9482B1). H: M paratype (ZFMK-MYR 9482B2). A: Head, frontal view. B: Antenna. C: Sensilla basiconica on antennomeres 5 and 6. D: Apical disc with four sensory cones. E: Mouth parts, dorsal view. F: Mouth parts, ventral view. G: Anterior body, lateral view. H: Tergites, lateral view. Abbreviations: ac = apical cone; ag = anterior gonopod; an = antenna; br = body ring; co = collum; gn = gnathochilarium; le = leg; lb = labrum; ms = macrosetae; mz = metazonite; om = ommatidia; oz = ozopore; pg = posterior gonopod; pl = pleurite; pz = prozonite; sb = sensilla basiconica; sp = spiracle; st = sternite. I–VII indicates the number of antennomeres. The white arrow on (B) indicates the row of striae at the anterior margin of the antennomeres and on (H) indicates the lateral, ridge-like extension of the prozonite. Scale bars: A, G, H = 100 µm; B, D–F = 20 µm; C = 10 µm. FIGURE 4. Theratta mannavan n. sp. , SEM. A–D: M paratype (ZFMK-MYR 9483A). E, F: M holotype (ZFMK-MYR 9482B1). A: Tergites, dorsal view. B: First three leg pairs with gonopore, ventral view. C: Gonopore, posterior view. D: Detail of gonopore, ventral view. E: Leg. F: Paronychium. Abbreviations: cl = claw; cx = coxa; cxp = coxal pouch; fe = femur; le = leg; mz = metazonite; oz = ozopore; pe = penes; pf = prefemur; pn = paronychium; po = postfemur; pz = prozonite; sp = spiracle; st = sternite; ta = tarsus; ti = tibia; to = trochanter; vdo = vasa deferentia opening. The white arrow on (A) indicates the row of striae at the anterior margin of the metazonite. Scale bars: A = 200 µm; B, C, E = 20 µm; D, F = 10 µm. FIGURE 5. Theratta mannavan n. sp. , SEM. A, E, F: M holotype (ZFMK-MYR 9482B1). B: M paratype (ZFMK-MYR 9483A). C: F paratype (ZFMK-MYR 9482C). D: M paratype (ZFMK-MYR 9482B2). A: Telson, ventral view. B: Telson, lateral view. C: Female gonopore, ventral view. D: Gonopods, lateral view. E: Gonopods, posterior view. F: Gonopods, posterio-lateral view. Abbreviations: av = anal valve; cx = coxa; cxp = coxal pouch; fe = femur; go = gonopore; L = lamellae; le = leg; mp = mesal process; oz = ozopore; pbr = penultimate body ring; pf = prefemur; pl = pleurite; po = postfemur; st = sternite; ta = tarsus; te = telson; ti = tibia; ve = external valve of vulva; vi = internal valve of vulva. I–IV indicates the number of podomeres of gonopods. The black arrow on (E, F ) indicates the remnant of podomere divisions of gonopods and the white arrow on (E, F) indicates the distal process present on the mesal process of the anterior gonopod. Scale bars: A = 200 µm; B, C = 100 µm; D–F = 20 µm. FIGURE 6. Theratta mannavan n. sp. , SEM. A, D, F, J: M paratype (ZFMK-MYR 9483A). B, E: M holotype (ZFMK-MYR 9482B2). C: M paratype (ZFMK-MYR 11393). G, H, I: M paratype (ZFMK-MYR 9482B1). A: Gonopods, dorsal view. B, C: Anterior gonopod, anterior view. D: Anterior gonopod, posterior view. E: Anterior gonopod, mesal view. F: Body teeth. G: Teeth on the mesal process of the anterior gonopod. H: Feather like serrated setae. I: Posterior gonopod, posterior view. J: Posterior gonopod, anterior view. Abbreviations: L = lamellae; mp = mesal process; st = sternite. I–IV indicates the number of podomeres of gonopods. The white arrow on (I) indicates the remnant of podomere division on the posterior gonopod. Scale bars: A, C–E, I, J = 20 µm; B, H = 10 µm; F, G = 2 µm. Etymology. The species epithet mannavan , noun in apposition, refers to the type locality of the species, the Mannavan Shola of Annamudi Shola National Park. Materials examined. 1 M holotype ( ZFMK-MYR 9482 B1), 1 F paratype ( ZFMK-MYR 9482 C), 3 M paratypes ( ZFMK-MYR 9482 B2, 9483A, 11393), 7 F paratypes ( ZFMK-MYR 9483 ), 14 F paratypes ( ZFMK-MYR 9482 ), 13 M paratypes ( ZFMK-MYR 9482 ; 9482A, 9482A1, 9482A2, 9482A3, 9482B), India , Province Kerala , Idukki District , Munnar , Annamudi Shola National Park , Mannavan Shola , 10º10’54.5”N , 77º11’25.8”E , 2140 m , high altitude montane forest, hand collection, leg. A. A. Pooja , K. S. Nafin , P. P. Sudhin , 25 Mar 2019 .