Revision and phylogenetic analysis of the orb-weaving spider genus Glenognatha Simon, 1887 (Araneae, Tetragnathidae) Author Jimmy Cabra-García Author Antonio D. Brescovit text Zootaxa 2016 2016-01-27 4069 1 1 183 journal article 31381 10.11646/zootaxa.4069.1.1 5a65a6a9-d142-4121-b893-a83e929ffdbc 1175-5326 1054149 52FC658C-78C7-49FC-9961-8AC43CA03101 Glenognatha emertoni Simon, 1887 ( Figs. 126–129 , 137 ) Glenognatha emertoni Simon, 1887 : 194 (male syntypes from Arizona, United States of America, deposited in MNHN, examined); Simon 1894 : 717 , figs. 790–791; Banks 1913 : 180 , pl. 2, fig. 22; Levi 1980 : 66 , figs. 255–271; Cabra-García et al . 2014 : 1029 , figs. 1F, 2D, 2G, 4B, 5F–G, 7E, 9C–D; World Spider Catalog 2015 . Diagnosis. Males of G. emertoni are distinguished from all other congeneric species by the presence of a mesally oriented projection located in the distal margin of the cheliceral basal segment ( Fig. 127 A ). Females resemble those of G. minuta in having an anterior cheliceral bulge ( Fig. 127F ), but differ by the reduced size of the spermathecae in relation with the uterus externus ( Figs. 129 A –C ) and the apical position of the cheliceral bulge ( Fig. 127F ). Description. Male and female described by Levi (1980) . Additional data. Male ( USA , Arizona , AMNH) . Habitus as in Figures 126 A –D . Tracheal spiracle well-sclerotized. Total length 4.25. Cephalothorax 2.07 long, 1.57 wide, 1.15 high. Abdomen 2.32 long, 1.90 wide, 1.80 high. Sternum 1.00 long, 1.00 wide. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.10, ALE 0.07, PME 0.12, PLE 0.09. AME-AME 0.1, AME- ALE 0.18, PME-PME 0.18, PME-PLE 0.19, ALE-PLE 0.01. Clypeus height 2.30. Three promarginal and four retromarginal teeth ( Figs. 127 A –C ). Leg measurements: I: femur 2.80, patella 0.75, tibia 2.92, metatarsus 2.57, tarsus 0.82, total 9.87; II: 2.67, 0.75, 2.80, 2.40, 1.12, 9.75; III: 1.65, 0.50, 1.47, 1.50, 0.72, 5.85; IV: 2.27, 0.55, 2.00, 1.90, 0.90, 7.65. Metatarsus IV with one trichobothrium. DTS 0.27. DTE 0.62. Palp as in Figures 128E–H . Embolus with a nearly 90º curved tip ( Fig. 128G ). Female ( USA , Arizona , AMNH) . Habitus as in Figures 126E–H . Tracheal spiracle well-sclerotized. Total length 5.05. Cephalothorax 2.45 long, 1.92 wide, 1.55 high. Abdomen 2.90 long, 2.35 wide, 2.30 high. Sternum 1.32 long, 1.20 wide. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.10, ALE 0.11, PME 0.13, PLE 0.10. AME-AME 0.15, AME-ALE 0.22, PME-PME 0.24, PME-PLE 0.27, ALE-PLE 0.01. Clypeus height 2.9. Three promarginal and four retromarginal teeth ( Figs. 127D–F ). Leg measurements: I: femur 3.00, patella 0.70, tibia 3.25, metatarsus 2.77, tarsus 1.30, total 11.07; II: 2.95, 0.90, 2.92, 2.50, 1.22, 10.5; III: 2.17, 0.62, 1.62, 1.65, 0.85, 6.92; IV: 2.65, 0.67, 2.17, 2.02, 0.92, 8.45. Metatarsus IV with one trichobothrium. DTS 0.37. DTE 0.62. Tracheal system as in Figures 129F–I . Spinnerets as in Figures 129J–L . Genitalia with strongly reduced spermathecae and copulatory ducts ( Figs. 129 A –E ). UE with a median projection ( Fig. 129 A ). FIGURE 126. Glenognatha emertoni from USA (AMNH). A–D, male habitus. A, dorsal. B, lateral. C, ventral. D, frontal. E– H, female habitus. E, dorsal. F, lateral. G, ventral. H, frontal. Scale bars, 500 µm. TS: tracheal spiracle. FIGURE 127. Glenognatha emertoni from USA (AMNH). A–C, male left chelicerae. A, anterior (arrow, cheliceral basal segment projection). B, posterior. C, mesal. D–F, female left chelicerae. D, anterior (arrow, cheliceral basal segment projection). E, posterior. F, mesal (arrow, cheliceral bulge). Scale bars, 500 µm. Prt: promarginal tooth. Ret: retromarginal tooth. Variation. Male total length 3.8–5.2 ( N = 6; average 4.6), cephalothorax length 1.8–2.3 ( N = 6; average 2.1), femur I length 2.8–3.2 ( N = 6; average 2.9). Female total length 4.0–5.1 ( N = 10; average 4.5), cephalothorax length 1.8–2.6 ( N = 10; average 2.1), femur I length 2.4–3.25 ( N = 10; average 2.7). Distribution. Known in Arizona and New Mexico states in United States of America ( Fig. 137 ). FIGURE 128. Glenognatha emertoni from USA (AMNH). A–D, male left palp, schematic. A, ventral. B, conductor, ventral. C, conductor, dorsal. D, embolus, ventral. E–H, male left palp. E, ventral. F, dorsal. G, prolateral. H, retrolateral. Scale bars, 100 µm. C: conductor. CB: cymbium. CRa: conductor retrolateral apophysis. E: embolus. ED: ejaculatory duct. EMg: embolic medial groove. P: paracymbium. T: tegulum. FIGURE 129. Glenognatha emertoni . A–C, female genitalia. A, dorsal (arrow, median projection). B, ventral. C, lateral. D–E, spermathecae and copulatory duct. F–I, female tracheal system. F, dorsal. G, median and lateral trunks. H, median trunk distal. I, tracheal spiracle, posterior view. J, ALS. K, PMS. L, PLS. Scale bars, 100 µm (A–C, F–H), 10 µm (D–E, I–L). AC: aciniform gland spigot. AG: aggregate gland spigots. CD: copulatory duct. CY: cylindrical gland spigot. FL: flagelliform gland spigot. LSD: long-stem ducts. LT: lateral trunk. MAP: major ampullate gland spigot. mAP: minor ampullate gland spigot. MC: membranous chamber. MT: median trunk. PI: piriform gland spigots. S: spermathecae. UE: uterus externus. TAG: tracheal atrium gland. Additional material examined (N = 22). UNITED STATES OF AMERICA : Arizona : Big Rock Camp., Madera Can., [ 31º43´N , 110º52´W ], elev. [ 2100m ], 10.ix.1941 , W. Ivie leg., 1♀ ( AMNH ) ; 1♀ 1♂ (AMNH); Wet Canyon For. Camp , Graham Mts. , [ 32º42´N , 109º52´W ], elev. [ 2000m ], 13.ix.1952 , B. Malkin leg., 1♂ ( AMNH ) ; Southwestern Res. Sta. , 5 miles west portal, [ 31º53´N , 109º12´W ], elev. [ 1645m ], 2–19.v.1956 , M. Statham leg., 2♀ 1♂ ( AMNH ); 6–20.vii.1955 , W. J. Gertsch leg., 3♀ ( AMNH ); 3mi .w. Paradise Chiricahua Mts. , [ 31º55´N , 109º22´W ], elev. [ 1989m ], 9.ix.1950 , W. J. Gertsch leg., 1♀ ( AMNH ) ; SWRS 5 mi. W. Portal Cochise County , [ 31º53´N , 109º12´W ], elev. [ 1645m ], 17.vii.1964 , J . A . Woods leg., 1♀ ( AMNH ); Santa Rita Mts. , Madera Canyon , [ 31º43´N , 110º52´W ], elev. [ 1552m ], 16.vii.1940 , W. J. Gertsch leg., 1♀ ( AMNH ); Cochise Co. , Chiricahua Mts . SWRS, [31º49´N, 109º28´W], elev. [ 1700m ], 14.vii.1966 , J. Beatty leg., (under rock in dry stream), 2♀ (MCZ 64709); Madera Can. Santa Rita Mts. , 31º43´N , 110º52´W , elev. [ 2100m ], 8.ix.1941 , W. Ivie leg., 3♀ 2♂ ( MCZ 125499 ) ; 1♂ (MCZ 125500). New Mexico : Whitewater Canyon 4 mi . N. E. Glenwood Catron Co. , [ 33º21´N , 108º3´W ], elev. [ 2050m ], 20.viii.1952 , H. R. Leech & J. W. Green leg., 1♂ ( AMNH ).