A revision of the spider genus Anemesia (Araneae, Cyrtaucheniidae)
Author
Zonstein, Sergei
text
European Journal of Taxonomy
2018
2018-12-11
485
1
100
journal article
22083
10.5852/ejt.2018.485
80ac4e38-c93f-48de-8a60-946ecb534703
3829992
55A0F74D-FA80-4C6A-AD74-B49C9061A449
Anemesia karatauvi
(
Andreeva, 1968
)
Figs 9
,
22
,
31
,
56
,
71
,
83
,
98
,
111
,
126
,
145–146
,
169–170
,
181
,
209–210
,
246–249
,
280–281
, 298–301, 313, 317, 333–336, 362,
371
Brachythele karatauvi
Andreeva, 1968: 70
, fig. 2a–b (Ƌ
♀
).
Brachythele karatauvi
–
Andreeva 1976: 14
, figs 6–7 (Ƌ
♀
). —
Brignoli 1983: 123
. —
Fet 1984: 40
. —
Zonstein 1985: 159
;
1987: 1013
.
Anemesia karatauvi
–
Mikhailov 1996: 77
;
1997: 20
. —
Zonstein 2001: 11
;
2004: 352
, fig. 6 (
♀
). —
Marusik
et al.
2014: 3
, fig. 10 (Ƌ).
Diagnosis
Males of
Anemesia karatauvi
differ from those of
A. castanea
sp. nov.
by a stouter male palpal tibia, a flattened ventral surface of the palpal bulb and a shorter embolus (vs a slender tibia, a domed surface, and a longer embolus;
Figs 181
,
209–210
, cf.
Figs 180
,
206–208
). Females of
A. karatauvi
can be distinguished from those of
A. castanea
sp. nov.
in having less diverged spermathecae which arise more distantly from each other (
Figs 246–249
, cf.
Fig. 245
), by relatively larger AME and ALE (
Fig. 71
, cf.
Fig. 70
), by a lesser number of the maxillary cuspules (40–55 vs 65–70) and by a weaker cheliceral rastellum.
Type material
Holotype
TAJIKISTAN
: Ƌ,
Vahsh Karatau Mts.
, no locality data,
23–25 Apr. 1967
,
E. Andreeva
leg. (absent in the
type
series of
Brachythele karatauvi
kept in
MIZW
, seems lost and thus not examined)..
Paratypes
TAJIKISTAN
:
7 ♀♀
, same collection data as for the
holotype
(
MIZW
; examined). See notes below.
Additional material examined
(2 ƋƋ,
25 ♀♀
)
TAJIKISTAN
: 1 Ƌ,
6 ♀♀
, western slope of Vahsh Karatau Mts,
950–1200 m
,
38°01′ N
,
68°57′ E
,
3 km
NNW of Mt Hojamaston,
21–25 Apr. 1989
, S. Zonstein leg. (
SMNH
); 1 Ƌ,
5 ♀♀
, same collection data as for preceding but
26 Apr. 1990
(
SMNH
);
3 ♀♀
, Vahsh Karatau Mts,
1.5 km
W of Mt Hojamaston,
1040 m
,
38°04.6′ N
,
68°57.2′ E
,
24 Apr. 2015
, S. Zonstein leg. (
SMNH
);
9 ♀♀
, Vahsh Karatau Mts, Chimsai Gorge,
700–1200 m
,
38°00′ N
,
68°56′ E
,
22 Apr. 1986
, S. Zonstein and A. Zyuzin leg. (
SMNH
);
2 ♀♀
, foothills
3 km
SE of Yavan,
800–1000 m
,
38°18′ N
,
69°05′ E
,
19 Apr. 1988
, S. Zonstein leg. (
SMNH
).
Description
Male
(from Mt Hojamaston area)
HABITUS. See
Fig. 9.
MEASUREMENTS. TBL 13.10, CL 5.95, CW 5.07, LL 0.63, LW 1.05, SL 2.77, SW 2.53.
COLOUR IN ALCOHOL. Carapace medium foxy brown with anterior edge darker and thoracic part lighter: chelicerae, most part of palps and legs light yellowish brown; sternum, labium, maxillae and leg tarsi paler; eye tubercle blackened; abdomen dorsally yellowish grey with brown pattern consisting of moderately wide median stripe and few paired transverse and slightly inclined short stripes, ventral part of abdomen pale yellowish grey, spinnerets pale brownish yellow.
PROSOMA. Clypeus and eye tubercle as in
Fig. 56
. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.16(0.22), ALE 0.23, PLE 0.19, PME 0.16, AME–AME 0.22(0.16), ALE–AME 0.14(0.11), ALE–PLE 0.14, PLE– PME 0.02, PME–PME 0.49. Cheliceral rastellum consists of 20–25 spikes grouped in one transverse row. Each cheliceral furrow with 7 promarginal teeth and 4 smaller retromarginal teeth. Sternum, labium and maxillae as shown in
Fig. 98
. Sternal sigilla small oval, posterior pair considerably distant from sternum edge. Maxillae with 30–32 cuspules each.
LEGS. Tibia and metatarsus I as in
Fig. 126
. Scopula: distal and entire on metatarsi I and II, narrowly divided on tarsi I and II, widely divided on tarsi III, absent on tarsi IV. Trichobothria: 2 rows of 8–9 each on tibiae, 12–14 on metatarsi, 12–15 on tarsi, 7 on cymbium. PTC I–II with 7 teeth on each margin. PTC III–IV with 8 teeth on outer and 5–6 teeth on inner margin.
SPINATION. Palp: femur d4, pd3, rd1; patella pd1; tibia d1, p3, r1, pv2, v6; tarsus d13–16. Leg I: femur d5, pd3, rd1; tibia pd4, p1, r3, v8+m; metatarsus d1, pd2, v6. Leg II: femur d5, pd3, rd1; tibia p3, v8; metatarsus p3, v7. Leg III: femur d4, pd3, rd3; patella p3, r2; tibia d1, p3, r3, v8; metatarsus pd4, p3, r2, v9; tarsus pv3. Leg IV: femur d5, p3, r3; tibia d1, p3, r3, v8; metatarsus pd2, p3, r7, v7; tarsus p2. Patellae I, II and IV, and tarsi I and II aspinose.
PALP. Tibia, cymbium and palpal organ as shown in
Figs 181
,
209–210
. Palpal tibia long, slender, and slightly swollen, with numerous stout bristles (
Fig. 181
). Palpal organ with embolus tapering and slightly curved (
Figs 209–210
).
SPINNERETS. See
Fig. 280
. PMS: length 0.51, diameter 0.22. PLS: maximal diameter 0.53; length of basal, medial and apical segments 0.90, 0.65, 0.83; total length 2.38; apical segment shortly digitiform.
LEG MEASUREMENTS. Ƌ(♀)
|
Femur
|
Patella
|
Tibia
|
Metatarsus
|
Tarsus
|
Total
|
| Palp |
3.87 (4.46) |
1.84 (2.27) |
3.37 (4.41) |
– |
1.19 (2.84) |
10.27 (12.98) |
| Leg I |
6.47 (7.14) |
2.98 (3.57) |
5.23 (4.68) |
4.94 (4.73) |
3.13 (2.62) |
22.75 (22.74) |
| Leg II |
6.09 (5.80) |
2.77 (3.34) |
4.52 (3.77) |
4.57 (4.65) |
3.13 (2.59) |
21.08 (20.15) |
| Leg III |
4.82 (4.26) |
2.05 (2.65) |
3.29 (2.58) |
4.26 (3.59) |
3.26 (2.66) |
17.68 (15.74) |
| Leg IV |
5.90 (5.78) |
2.66 (3.54) |
5.04 (4.53) |
5.58 (5.06) |
3.61 (2.97) |
22.79 (21.88) |
Female
(from Mt Hojamaston area)
HABITUS. See
Fig. 22.
MEASUREMENTS. TBL 23.50, CL 8.07, CW 7.45, LL 0.88, LW 1.53, SL 4.35, SW 3.87.
COLOUR. Similar to that of male, but darker: caput, palps and anterior legs chestnut-brown; chelicerae dark copper-brown; dorsal abdominal pattern dark brown; in addition to setae, chelicerae covered with tiny copper-coloured iridescent hairs.
PROSOMA. Clypeus and eye tubercle as shown in
Fig. 71
. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.18(0.25), ALE 0.33, PLE 0.22, PME 0.18, AME–AME 0.24(0.18), ALE–AME 0.20(0.17), ALE–PLE 0.20, PLE–PME 0.04, PME–PME 0.75. Cheliceral rastellum represented by approximately 20 spikes located in front of fang base and on low mound. Each cheliceral furrow with 7 promarginal teeth and 7 smaller retromarginal teeth (see
Fig. 83
). Sternum, labium and maxillae as shown in
Fig. 111
. Sternal sigilla small; posterior pair distant from sternum edge, oval, or of irregular shape, but anyway extended. Maxillae with 43–52 cuspules each.
LEGS. Scopula dense, occupies 5/6 ventral surface of metatarsus I, distal on metatarsus II, entire on palpal tarsus and tarsi I–II, elsewhere absent. Trichobothria: 2 rows of 8–12 each on tibiae, 14–18 on metatarsi, 14–18 on leg tarsi, 12 on palpal tarsus. Palpal claw with 3–4 promarginal teeth. PTC I–III with 5–6 teeth on outer, 4–6 teeth on inner margin; PTC IV with 5–6 and 2–3 teeth, respectively.
SPINATION. Palp: femur pd1; patella d1, p1, pv1, rv2–3; tibia p2, v13–14; tarsus p1, v2–3. Leg I: femur pd1; tibia p1, v4; metatarsus v6. Leg II: femur pd1; tibia p3, v6–7; metatarsus p1, v6. Leg III: femur pd1–3, rd3; patella p3; tibia d1, p3, r1, v6–7; metatarsus pd2, p4, rd3, v7; tarsus p2. Leg IV: femur rd1; tibia rd2, v6–7; metatarsus pd1, p2, rd2, v8–9; tarsus v1. All femora except dorsal row of bristles with 1 basodorsal spine; patellae I, II, and IV, and tarsi I and II aspinose.
SPERMATHECAE. Normally entire with stalks narrowed subapically (
Fig. 246
).
SPINNERETS. See
Fig. 281
. PMS: length 0.83, diameter 0.35. PLS: maximal diameter 0.85; length of basal, medial and apical segments 1.45, 0.87, 0.85; total length 3.63; apical segment shortly digitiform.
Variation
The length of carapace varies from
5.78 to 5.90 in
males and from
5.82 to 9.23 in
females. The colouration varies through specimens very narrowly. The number of maxillary cuspules ranges from
28 to 32 in
males and from
40 to 55 in
females. No significant variation in structure of the palpal organ is evident. The spermathecae are generally uniform (
Figs 246, 248–249
); however, occasionally the stalks are divided subapically (see
Fig. 247
).
Habitats
The species occurs in woodless steppe foothills at
700–1000 m
, as well as in the scarcely forested midland area above, with shrubs and low trees represented by
Acer
,
Prunus
and
Pistacia
(see
Figs 313
,
317
).
Distribution
Contrary to the distribution provided with the original description, the range of this species is confined to the Vahsh Karatau Mts in southwestern
Tajikistan
only, as shown in
Fig. 371
(see below).
Notes
A captured live male is shown in
Fig. 31
(a positive slide made in 1989). The cheliceral rastellum, trichobothrial bases and tarsal organ of leg I, and spigots are shown in
Figs 145–146
,
169–170
, and 298–301, respectively.
Andreeva (1968
,
1976
) listed as
paratypes
of
B. karatauvi
17 ♀♀
collected together with the
holotype
and
8 ♀♀
collected in
1966–1967
in
other regions of southern
Tajikistan
. As noted above, the type series comprises only
7 ♀♀
from Karatau Mts. All other females originally included in the type series are reidentified and considered here as belonging to other species of
Anemesia
.