Two new species of Satonius Endrödy-Younga from China and notes on the wing polymorphism of S. kurosawai Satô (Coleoptera: Myxophaga: Torridincolidae) Author Hájek, Jiří Author Yoshitomi, Hiroyuki Author Fikáček, Martin Author Hayashi, Masakazu Author Jia, Feng-Long text Zootaxa 2011 3016 51 62 journal article 46396 10.5281/zenodo.205097 89a10a21-75f1-4da7-b8d9-4c28bd06c040 1175-5326 205097 Satonius kurosawai ( Satô, 1982 ) ( Figs. 8–11 ) Delevea kurosawai Satô, 1982 : 279 (original description). Satonius kurosawai : Endrödy-Younga 1997 : 318 (redescription); Hájek & Fikáček 2008 : 662 (redescription). New material examined (see Table 1 for all known records). Macropterous form: HONSHÛ: GIFU PREFECTURE : 1 spec., Shagatate-yama, Ibigawa-cho, 30.iv.2006 , K. Kitayama leg. HYÔGO PREFECTURE : 2 spec., Aotani-gawa, Maya-san, Kobe-shi, 16.vi.2008 , I. Tanaka leg.; 1 spec., same data, but 24.vi.2006 , T. Saito leg.; 1 spec., Koujingawa, Kiyoshikoujin, Takarazuka-shi, 17ix.2007 , I. Tanaka leg. OSAKA PREFECTURE : 2 spec., Minoo, 11.ix.2007 , I. Tanaka leg. SHIMANE PREFECTURE : 32 spec., Shakunouchi, Kitsuki-cho, Unnan-shi, 23.xii.2006 , M. Hayashi leg.; 10 spec., same data, but 8.i.2007 ; 1 spec., same data, but 17–29.vi.2006 , flight intercept trap. TOTTORI PREFEC- TURE : 32 spec., Ohuchi, Houki-cho, 4.iv.2008 , M. Hayashi leg. SHIKOKU: EHIME PREFECTURE : 2 spec., Syukuno, Matsuyama-shi, 5.v.2002 , T. Kurihara leg. All specimens deposited in EUMJ . Micropterous form: HONSHÛ: FUKUSHIMA PREFECTURE : 6 spec., Asakusa-dake, Tadami-machi, 19.viii.1999 , N. Hikida leg. GIFU PREFECTURE : 1 spec., Hirano, Motosu-cho, 23.x.2004 , Y. Kamite leg. SHIMANE PREFECTURE : 10 spec., Hagiwara, Hikimi-cho, 17.ix.2003 , T. Ogata leg.; 10 spec., Kawashita, Kawashita-cho, Izumo-shi, 23.xii.2006 , M. Hayashi leg. SHIZUOKA PREFECTURE : 2 spec., Sakuma-cho, 3.iii.1999 , H. Yoshitomi leg. TOTTORI PREFECTURE : 10 spec., Daimyo-bashi, Daisen-cho, 3.v.2007 , M. Hayashi leg. YAMAGATA PREFEC- TURE : 3 spec., Kaname, Oguni-machi, 14.x.2002 , T. Ogata leg.; 9 spec., Kami-tazawa, Tsuruoka-shi, 14.ix. 2007 , T. Ogata leg.; 17 spec., Arasawa, Tsuruoka-shi, 14.ix.2007 , Y. Kamite leg.; 7 spec., Hokorobi-sawa, Tsuruoka-shi, 14.ix.2007 , Y. Kamite & T. Ogata leg. All specimens deposited in EUMJ . FIGURES 8–9. Habitus of Satonius kurosawai (Satô) . 8—macropterous form; 9—micropterous form. Scale bar 0.5 mm. Morphology of micro- and macropterous form (see Satô (1982) and Endrödy-Younga (1997) for detailed description of external characters of S. kurosawai ). Macropterous form. Generally bigger than micropterous form ( Fig. 8 ), see Table 2 for measurements. Maximum length of the metathoracic wing ca 1.5 mm , maximum width ca. 0.8 mm ; the wing ( Fig. 10 ) is similar to that of Satonius stysi in shape and venation, but differs in the following characters: length/width ratio = ca 0.52 (ca 0.46 in S. stysi ); RP long, reaching r1 (not reaching r 1 in S. stysi ); RP 3+4 absent. Micropterous form. Smaller than macropterous form ( Fig. 9 ), see Table 2 for measurements. Metathoracic wing scale-like ( Fig. 11 ), only ca 0.4 mm long and 0.1 mm wide. Specimens with intermediate sized metathoracic wing were not observed. Bionomics . The species lives in hygropetric habitats, e.g. on wet surfaces of natural rocks and artificial concrete walls near small streams or roadsides. TABLE 1. List of all known records of Satonius kurosawai (Satô) . Hind Locality Latitude (N) Longitude Environment Reference wing (E) micropt. Atsumi-cho, Yamagata 38.373959 139.35275 natural rock Satô (1982) micropt. Yakurai-onsen, Miyagi 38.343151 140.42187 natural rock Satô (1982) Distribution . Widely distributed in the Japanese islands of Honshû (prefectures Aichi, Fukui, Fukushima, Gifu, Hiroshima, Ishikawa, Hyôgo , Mie, Miyagi, Nara, Niigata, Osaka, Shizuoka, Shimane, Tottori, Toyama, Yamagata), Shikoku (prefectures Ehime and Kagawa) and Yakushima ( Fig. 12 ). The distribution of the macropterous form seems to be limited to western (west from 137°E) or southern (south from 36°N) parts of Honshû and Shikoku.

micropt.	Hokorobi-sawa, Tsuruoka-shi, Yamagata 38.324092	139.553422	concrete wall	present paper
micropt.	Kami-tazawa, Tsuruoka-shi, Yamagata 38.311716	139.474075	concrete wall	present paper
micropt.	Maya-san, Yamagata 38.31125	139.434	natural rock	Satô (1982)
micropt.	Arasawa, Tsuruoka-shi, Yamagata 38.30305	139.473461	concrete wall	present paper
micropt.	Momogawa-toge, Niigata 38.085562	139.313544	natural rock	Satô (1982)
micropt.	Kaname, Oguni-machi, Yamagata 38.053067	139.481457	natural rock	present paper
micropt.	Asakusa-dake, Tadami-machi, Fukush- 37.205259 ima	139.141145	unknown	present paper
micropt.	Minami-aizu, Fukushima 37.120688	139.462528	natural rock	Satô (1982)
unknown	Ohsawano-cho, Toyama 36.335856	137.124221	concrete wall	Takai (1999)
micropt.	Hakusan, Ishikawa 36.093619	136.46049	natural rock	Satô (1982)
micropt.	Izumi-mura, Fukui 35.554294	136.412678	natural rock	Satô (1982)
MACROPT.	Syagatate-yama, Ibigawa-cho, Gifu 35.453465	136.211907	concrete wall	present paper
micropt.	Yokoyama-dam, Fujihashi-mura, Gifu 35.362639	136.274462	concrete wall	Yoshitomi (1997)
micropt.	Hirano, Motosu-shi, Gifu 35.353807	136.375514	river	present paper
micropt.	Kawashimo-cho, Izumo-shi, Shimane 35.264531	132.443834	natural rock	Hayashi (2007)
micropt.	Gakuenji, Besso-cho, Izumo-shi, Shi- 35.252365 mane	132.445879	natural rock	Hayashi (2007)
micropt. MACROPT.	Daisen, Tottori 35.23279	133.315104	natural rock, concrete wall	Hayashi & Kad- owaki (2007)
MACROPT.	Kitsuki-cho, Unnan-shi, Shimane 35.172164	132.544631	concrete wall	Hayashi (2007)
micropt.	Sakuma-cho, Shizuoka 35.045755	137.473268	concrete wall	present paper
MACROPT.	Kenashi-yama, Shobara-shi, Hiroshima 35.012135	133.021681	unknown	Akiyama (2008)
micropt.	Hourai-ko, Hourai-cho, Aichi 35.00384	137.390138	natural rock	Yoshitomi (1997)
micropt.	Yumesaki-cho, Hyogo 35.000648	134.400368	natural rock	Satô (1982)
MACROPT.	Minoo, Osaka 34.510078	135.28198	concrete wall	present paper
MACROPT.	Kiyoshikoujin, Takarazuka-shi, Hyogo 34.484662	135.211183	concrete wall	present paper
MACROPT.	Maya-san, Kobe-shi, Hyogo 34.440414	135.120831	concrete wall	present paper
MACROPT.	Kobe-shi, Hyogo 34.433079	134.58435	natural rock	Saito (2006)
micropt.	Hagiwara, Masuda-shi, Shimane 34.343729	132.013935	natural rock	present paper
unknown	Chichigatani, Miyagawa-mura, Mie 34.12436	136.094694	unknown	Saito & Narukawa (1986)
MACROPT.	Daisenzan, Mannou-cho, Kagawa 34.072845	133.563708	concrete wall	Kamite (2003)
unknown	Tamatani-cho, Matsuyama-shi, Ehime 33.535429	132.5017	natural rock	Kamite (2003)
MACROPT.	Syukuno, Matsuyama-shi, Ehime 33.521764	132.494019	unknown	present paper
micropt.	Namerikawa, Ehime 33.471518	133.000298	natural rock	Satô (1982)
unknown	Omogodam, Omogo-mura, Ehime 33.430188	133.015855	natural rock	Kamite (2003)
micropt.	Shiratani, Yakushima, Kagoshima 30.234471	130.335624	natural rock	Hayashi & Fujiwara (2007)
micropt.	Shakagatakeyama, Asahigawa valley, 34.114398 Nara	135.903046	natural rock	Hájek & Fikáček (2008)

FIGURES 10–11. Metathotracic wings of Satonius kurosawai (Satô) . 10—macropterous; 11—micropterous. TABLE 2. Measurements of Satonius kurosawai (Satô) . EL—length of elytra in suture, EW—maximum width of elytra, PLlength of pronotum, PW—maximum width of pronotum in posterior angles, TL—total body length (EL+PL). *—statistically significant difference in the mean values.

Macropterous form (n =20)	Micropterous form (n = 20)	Studentʼs t test p -value
TL (mm)	1.21–1.52 (1.39)	1.15–1.44 (1.28)	<0.001*
PW (mm)	0.65–0.80 (0.73)	0.63–0.73 (0.69)	<0.001*
PL (mm)	0.23–0.32 (0.29)	0.23–0.31 (0.28)	<0.001*
EL (mm)	0.97–1.20 (1.10)	0.90–1.13 (1.00)	<0.001*
EW (mm)	0.85–1.02 (0.95)	0.75–0.98 (0.89)	<0.001*
PW/PL	2.34–3.00 (2.56)	2.32–2.91 (2.51)	0.36
EL/EW	1.05–1.24 (1.16)	1.00–1.27 (1.13)	0.06
EL/PL	3.50–4.48 (3.88)	3.21–4.13 (3.63)	<0.01*
EW/PW	1.25–1.37 (1.31)	1.12–1.34 (1.28)	0.08
TL/EW	1.35–1.56 (1.46)	1.31–1.57 (1.44)	0.27

FIGURE 12. Distribution of macro- and micropterous forms of Satonius kurosawai (Satô) . Satonius stysi Hájek & Fiká č ek 2008 Satonius stysi Hájek & Fikáček, 2008 : 663 (original description). Additional material examined . 27 spec., China , Yunnan prov., Cang Shan Mts, 25°41'N , 100°08'E , 2600 m , V. Grebennikov leg. ( CNCO , EUMJ , NMPC , SYSU , ZSMC ). Remarks. This species was previously known only from the type locality in Jizu Shan Mt., Yunnan province, China . The locality from which the species is recorded here is situated in a different mountain range ca. 40 km SW from Jizu Shan.