Four-horned wasps, description of some remarkable Dirhinus (Hymenoptera, Chalcididae) from Kenya, with a discussion of their taxonomic placement Author Delvare, Gérard Author Copeland, Robert S. text Zootaxa 2018 2018-01-19 4374 3 301 349 journal article 30968 10.11646/zootaxa.4374.3.1 c6810d7b-b8a5-4eb9-b87d-faa0b4698a8c 1175-5326 1155252 82E74B47-94C6-47A7-8CDB-477A84B55837 Dirhinus maasaii Delvare sp. nov. ( Figs 15 , 49 , 76 , 141–147 ) ( Tables 3 and 4 ) Registered in ZooBank, http://zoobank.org/Nomenclatural acts/FED1D22E-A401-4AFD-9A6E-AA06718DCBFF Material examined . Holotype ♀ . KENYA : Rift Valley Province , Olorgesailie National Monument , 1.57930°S 36.44566°E , 982 m , 11-25.XII.2011 , Malaise trap , Acacia-Commiphora savannah, R. Copeland leg. [F05] [ NMK ]. Condition of holotype . Specimen complete, glued on rectangular card. Left wings, mid and hind leg glued separately. Etymology . The name is in honour of the people, the Maasai, who live in the region where the holotype was collected. Description of female holotype . Body length 4.2 mm ( Fig. 141 ). Identical with D. quadrhinus except as follows. Head 1.04× as wide as long and 0.84× as wide as high, eye 1.25× as long as high; temple 0.50× as long as eye. In dorsal view, apex of inner horn not exceeding that of outer horn. Frons with preorbital ridges. IHL 2.29× as long as distance from end of scrobal depression to median ocellus and 1.54× as long as ocular-ocellar distance; inner edges of inner horns diverging at an angle of approximately 30° ( Fig. 142 ). Frontovertex 2.38× as wide as IHL. Distance between lateral ocelli 1.57× as long as that of inter-ocellar distance. Antenna . Combined length of pedicel plus flagellum 0.84× as long as head width. Pedicel 2.16× as long as wide. Second flagellomere 0.8× as long as wide, 8th segment 0.6× as long as wide and 1.5× as wide as 2nd segment. Mesosoma 1.52× as long as wide with mesoscutellum 0.77× as long as wide ( Fig. 141 ). Propodeum with median areola as long as wide, followed by a median carina ( Fig. 144 ); walls of areolae thick and irregularly punctulate on top. Upper crests on femoral depression of mesepisternum raised all over. Metacoxa and metafemur respectively 1.48× and 1.56× as long as wide. Metatibia with 15 short and adpressed setae distributed in 2 rows along outer edge of tarsal sulcus ( Fig. 145 ). Fore wing 2.73× as long as wide; marginal vein 0.86× as long as costal cell; costal cell on the underside with 11 aligned setae on apical half and 8 shorter, irregularly distributed ones near base. Metasoma . Petiole with dorsal surface transverse, 2.24× as wide as long, its sides diverging markedly posteriorly, hardly sloping backwards and emarginate anteriorly, with vestigial submedian carinae and median sulcus absent ( Fig. 146 ). Gaster 2.61× as long as wide with first gastral tergite 0.67× as long as gaster ( Fig. 141 ), with 6 primary and 13 secondary longitudinal ridges; strigose surface of tergite reticulate anterolaterally between the ridges ( Fig. 147 ). Posterior margin of tergites 1–4 virtually straight. Male . Unknown. FIGURES 141–147 . Dirhinus ( Dirhinus ) maasaii , holotype ♀ (F05). 141 . Habitus in dorsal view. 142–143 . Head respectively in dorsal and frontal views. 144 . Propodeum. 145 . Metatibia in laterodorsal view. 146 . Petiole in posterodorsal view. 147 . Base of metasoma in dorsal view. Diagnosis . Inner edges of inner horns diverging at an angle of approximately 30°. Inner horns long. Preorbital ridge present. Pedicel relatively long, more than 2× as long as wide. Petiole short, hardly sloping backwards and without submedian carinae and median sulcus. Recognition . This species can be recognized by the absence of the extremely long setae found in D. gigasetosus ; preorbital ridge present (absent in D. leakeyorum ); inner horns long, their inner edges diverging at an angle of approximately 30° (horns shorter in D. quadrhinus ); petiole sloping weakly backwards, without submedian carinae and median sulcus (submedian carinae and median sulcus present in D. kambae ). Distribution . The species is known only from its type locality, in Kenya . Host ( s ). Unknown but probably Diptera , based on the behaviour of other species in the subfamily to which it belongs.