Gryllacrididae and Tettigoniidae (Insecta, Orthoptera, Ensifera) from Espiritu Santo, Vanuatu Author Hugel, Sylvain INCI, UPR 3212 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 21 rue René Descartes, F- 67084 Strasbourg cedex (France) hugel @ neurochem. u-strasbg. fr text Zoosystema 2009 2009-09-30 31 3 525 576 http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.5252/z2009n3a10 journal article 10.5252/z2009n3a10 1638-9387 5397541 Phisis holdhausi Karny, 1926 ( Figs 21A, C ; 22 ) Phisis holdhausi Karny, 1926: 174 . TYPE MATERIAL. — Type lost ( Jin & Kevan 1992 ), type data: Neue Hebrides ex coll. Staudinger. — Neotype data ( Jin & Kevan 1992 ): New Hebrides , Espiritu Santo, 21-31. VIII.[19]58 [printed]; Borys Malkin, collector, Bishop Museum [printed]; ♂ ( BPBM ). Not examined. — Neallotype data ( Jin & Kevan 1992 ): IDEM, ♀ ( BPBM ). Not examined. TYPE LOCALITY. — Southwestern Pacific, Vanuatu , Espiritu Santo. MATERIAL EXAMINED. — Vanuatu . ( 8 ♂♂ , 4 ♀♀ ), Sanma Province , Espiritu Santo Isl., Luganville, site du CTRAV, 15°27’00”S , 167°12’26”E , 2 m alt., forêt côtière sur sable, Exped. Santo 2006, 28.X.2006 , coll. S. Hugel, 1 ♂ (SH-141) (MNHN-ENSIF2293). — Same locality and date, sur Terminalia en arrière de plage, coll. S. Hugel, 1 ♂ (SH-142) (MNHN-ENSIF2294). — Same locality and date, enregistré, coll. S. Hugel, 1 ♂ (SH-144) (MNHN-ENSIF2296). — Luganville, site du CTRAV, 15°27’00”S , 167°12’26”E , 2 m alt., forêt côtière sur sable, arbre en arrière de plage, Exped. Santo 2006, 29.X.2006 , coll. S. Hugel, 2 ♂♂ (SH-137, SH-140), 1 ♀ (SH-145) (MNHN-ENSIF2289, 2292, 2297). — Same locality and date, sur Terminalia en arrière de plage, enregistré, coll. S. Hugel, 1 ♂ (SH-139) (MNHN-ENSIF2291). — Same locality and date, coll. S. Hugel, 1 ♀ (SH-146) (MNHN-ENSIF2298). FIG. 21.— Phisis Stål,1861 species from Espiritu Santo: A , C , P.holdhausi Karny,1926 ; B , D , P.pseudopallida Jin & Kevan,1992 ; A , B , male terminalia in dorsal view; C , D , SEM pictures of stridulatory files. Scale bars: 1 mm. Champagne Beach, sur Terminalia en arrière de plage, jour, Exped.Santo 2006, 28.X.2006 , coll.S. Hugel, 2♂♂ (SH-143, SH-138) (MNHN-ENSIF2295, 2290). Peavot, 14°59’37”S , 166°47’04”E , 38 m alt., forêt secondaire, ancien jardin, nuit, Exped. Santo 2006, 25.X.2006 , coll. S. Hugel, 2 ♀♀ (SH-147, SH-148) (MNHN-ENSIF2299, 2300). DISTRIBUTION. — Probably the most widespread Phisidini . Widely distributed in the Polynesian/Melanesian area. HABITAT AND LIFE HISTORY TRAITS. — This species occurs in anthropized areas near and/or on the shore, rarely in slightly more elevated areas. Specimens stay on foliage of large leaves-bearing trees ( Terminalia catappa , Barringtonia sp. , etc.) and shrubs ( Hibiscu s sp., etc.). Often several specimens can be observed on the same plant. DESCRIPTION COMPLEMENT Stridulatory file with 64 lamellar teeth and few spinules on both sides of the file ( Fig. 21C ). CALLING SONG ( FIG. 22 ) Males call during night. Often, several males are irregularly alternating their call. Th e call of P. holdhausi consists of echemes of irregular length lasting 856.7 ± 981.4 ms (min: 3.0; max: 4504.9), irregularly separated by 7.494 ± 22.235 s (min: 0.038; max: 98.026) long pauses.Within echemes, the syllable rate is 39.2 ± 1.5 s (min: 35.6; max: 42.4). Th e principal frequencies of the call are 23-26 kHz.