Integrative taxonomy and analysis of species richness patterns of nocturnal Darwin wasps of the genus Enicospilus Stephens (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ophioninae) in Japan Author Shimizu, So Laboratory of Insect Biodiversity and Ecosystem Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Rokkodaicho 1 - 1, Nada, Kobe, Hyogo 657 - 8501, Japan & DC and Overseas Challenge Program for Young Researchers, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan & Depertment of Life Sciences, the Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, UK https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5202-4552 parasitoidwasp.sou@gmail.com Author Broad, Gavin R. Depertment of Life Sciences, the Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, UK https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7223-5333 Author Maeto, Kaoru Laboratory of Insect Biodiversity and Ecosystem Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Rokkodaicho 1 - 1, Nada, Kobe, Hyogo 657 - 8501, Japan text ZooKeys 2020 990 1 144 http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.990.55542 journal article http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.990.55542 1313-2970-990-1 7B73642C278D40F89091B26213C9A704 9F51F78CD53F5005A305DE65494002C4 Enicospilus unctus Shimizu sp. nov. Figure 50 Etymology. The specific name is derived from the Latin unctus , meaning polished, referring to the posterior part of the propodeum. Type series. The holotype female only. HT: ♀, Matsuyama, Ehime, Shikoku, JAPAN, 26.X.1954, S. Ueda leg. (EUM). Distribution. Eastern Palaearctic region. JAPAN: [Shikoku] Ehime. Bionomics. Unknown. Differential diagnosis. Some characters (e.g., wide face, long and slender mandible, shape of sclerites) suggest that E. unctus sp. nov. is related to E. shikokuensis . However, E. unctus sp. nov. can easily be distinguished from all other Japanese Enicospilus by the uniformly punctate and shiny posterior area of the propodeum. Description. Female (HT). Body length ca. 21.0 mm. Head with GOI = 2.0 (Fig. 50D ). Lower face 0.9 x as wide as high, strongly shiny, moderately punctate with setae (Fig. 50B, D ). Clypeus 2.1 x as wide as high, moderately punctate with setae, convex in profile, and ventral margin impressed (Fig. 50B, D ). Malar space 0.4 x as long as basal mandibular width (Fig. 50B, D ). Mandible moderately twisted by 20°, very long, proximally narrowed, distally parallel sided, outer surface with diagonal setose groove (Fig. 50B, D ). Upper tooth of mandible 2.1 x as long as lower. Frons, vertex and gena strongly shiny with fine setae (Fig. 50B-D ). Posterior ocellus distinctly separated from eye (Fig. 50B-D ). Ventral end of occipital carina joining oral carina. Antennae with 54 flagellomeres; first flagellomere 1.5 x as long as second; 20th flagellomere 1.9 x as long as wide. Mesosoma entirely strongly shiny with fine setae (Fig. 50E ). Pronotum diagonally finely punctostrigose (Fig. 50E ). Mesoscutum 1.3 x as long as maximum width, finely punctate to smooth and evenly rounded in profile (Fig. 50E ). Notauli absent (Fig. 50E ). Scutellum moderately convex, finely punctate to smooth, with lateral longitudinal carinae along entire length of scutellum. Epicnemium moderately punctate with setae. Epicnemial carina weak, evenly curved to anterior, dorsal end not reaching anterior margin of mesopleuron (Fig. 50E ). Meso- and metapleuron evenly moderately punctate (Fig. 50E ). Submetapleural carina broadened anteriorly (Fig. 50E ). Propodeum evenly rounded in profile; anterior transverse carina complete centrally and not joining pleural carina laterally; anterior area longitudinally striate; spiracular area smooth; posterior area entirely moderately punctate; propodeal spiracle elliptical and not joining pleural carina by ridge (Fig. 50E ). Wings (Fig. 50F ). Fore wing length ca. 14.5 mm with AI = 0.6, CI = 0.3, DI = 0.4, ICI = 0.4, SDI = 1.2, SI = 0.1, SRI = 0.4; vein 1m-cu&M slightly sinuous; vein 2r&RS slightly sinuous; vein RS evenly curved; fenestra and sclerites of discosubmarginal cell as in Fig. 50F ; proximal sclerite rounded triangular, not confluent with distal sclerite, strongly pigmented; central sclerite suboval, pigmented, positioned in anterodistal part of fenestra; distal sclerite vestigial; proximal corner of marginal cell evenly setose; posterodistal corner of second discal cell ca. 80° and of subbasal cell ca. 80°; vein 1cu-a antefurcal to M&RS by less than 0.1 x length of 1cu-a. Hind wing with NI = 1.0; vein RS almost straight; vein RA with 6 rather stout uniform hamuli. Legs. Hind leg with coxa in profile 1.9 x as long as deep; basitarsus 2.1 x as long as second tarsomere; fourth tarsomere 3.7 x as long as wide; tarsal claw simply pectinate. Metasoma with DMI = 1.2, PI = 3.1, THI = 1.7; thyridium oval; ovipositor sheath not longer than posterior depth of metasoma (Fig. 50A ). Colour (Fig. 50 ). Entirely red-brown except for head yellow-brown and apex of mandible black. Wings hyaline. Fore wing sclerites pigmented and amber. Wing veins red-brown to amber. Male. Unknown. Figure 50. Enicospilus unctus Shimizu, sp. nov. ♀ (HT) from Japan A habitus B head, frontal view C head, dorsal view D head, lateral view E mesosoma, lateral view F central part of fore wing.