Where the snails have no name: a molecular phylogeny of Raphitomidae (Neogastropoda: Conoidea) uncovers vast unexplored diversity in the deep seas of temperate southern and eastern Australia
Author
Criscione, Francesco
Author
Hallan, Anders
Author
Puillandre, Nicolas
Author
Fedosov, Alexander
text
Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society
2021
191
961
1000
journal article
0024-4082
DB1E4C0F-C529-4F51-973E-D8ED6D84DDFD
NODOTHAUMA MAGNIFICA
SP. NOV.
(
FIG. 3A
)
Z o o B a n k r e g i s t r a t i o n:
u r n: l s i d: z o o b a n k. org:act:
FE4DEFB1-2CB0-49DF-9C6C-9AA1042C2365
.
Holotype
:
Australia
, GAB,
1927 m
, IN2015_C02_137, (
–35.558
,
134.083
),
AMS
C.532707.
Paratypes
:
Australia
, GAB
,
1570 m
, IN2015_C02_435, (
–34.072
,
130.267
), one wet (
SAMA
D44139)
;
1912 m
, IN2015_C01_054, (
–35.202
,
131.629
), one wet (
SAMA
D44255)
;
1509 m
, IN2015_C02_134, (
–35.345
,
134.045
), one wet (
AMS
C.532689)
;
1509 m
, IN2015_C02_134, (
–35.345
,
134.045
), one wet (
AMS
C.571573); one wet (
AMS
C.571637)
;
1927 m
, IN2015_C02_137, (
–35.558
,
134.083
), one wet (
AMS
C.571739)
.
Figure 3.
Shells of species described herein. A,
Notothauma magnifica
, holotype AMS C.532707; B,
Fusobela parvioculata
, holotype TMAG
E59231
; C,
Aplotoma brevitentaculata
, holotype AMS C.571635; D,
Biconitoma cretosa
, holotype AMS C.482313. E,
Pagodibela maia
, holotype AMS C.571678; F,
Austrobela rufa
, holotype AMS C.571709; G,
Glaciotomella investigator
, holotype AMS C.571621; H,
Austrotheta crassidentata
, holotype AMS C.519302. Scale bar 20 mm (A), 10 mm (B–H).
Distribution:
Known only from the Great Australian Bight.
Etymology:
From the Latin adjective
magnificus
, grand, referring to the large shell of this species.
Figure 4.
Shells of species described herein. A,
Gladiobela angulata
, holotype AMS C.571651; B,
Pueridaphne cirrisulcata
, holotype AMS C.572165; C,
Globodaphne pomum
, holotype AMS C.482283; D,
Trochodaphne cupros
a, holotype AMS C.571611. Scale bar 10 mm.
Description
Shell (
Fig. 3A
) large (H =
71.6 mm
, W =
24.9 mm
), elongate-fusiform, walls solid, opaque. Protoconch eroded. Teleoconch of about seven orange-brownish whorls; spire outline slightly concave. Shoulder pronounced, situated slightly adapical to whorl mid-height in early whorls, and indistinct on late teleoconch whorls. Subsutural ramp wide, concave to lightly convex; suture impressed. Spiral sculpture below subsutural ramp of well-defined cords, about 12 on penultimate whorl and in excess of 40 on last adult whorl; weaker, but distinct spirals of similar spacing present on lower half of subsutural ramp. Axial sculpture of low opisthocline riblets confined largely to penultimate and last adult whorls, unevenly spaced; elsewhere, collabral growth lines only, most prominent on subsutural ramp with slightly raised cordlets at uneven intervals, reflecting shape of anal sinus. Last adult whorl evenly convex below subsutural ramp, weakly demarcated from long, evenly tapering siphonal canal, producing slight concavity in apertural view. Aperture elongate-pyriform, approximately half of shell length; outer lip thin, unsculptured; inner lip with distinct, wide whitish callus; innermost part of columella marked by prominent, elongate burnt-orange vertical stain. Anal sinus wide, moderately deep, broadly U-shaped.
Figure 5.
Protoconchs of species described herein. A,
Trochodaphne cuprosa
, holotype AMS C.571611; B,
Globodaphne pomum
, holotype AMS C.482283; C,
Pagodibela maia
, holotype AMS C.571678; D,
Pueridaphne cirrisulcata
, paratype AMS C.563103; E,
Austrobela rufa
, paratype AMS C. 571681. Scale bar = 500 μm.
Cephalic tentacles broad, muscular, cylindrical, of medium length, with well-developed eyes at their outer base. Rhynchostomal lips thick, with thick-walled, moderately long introvert. Rhynchocoel capacious, internal walls lined in tall, dark red epithelium; oesophagus lined with epithelium of similar appearance. Radula and venom apparatus absent.
Remarks
Nodothauma magnifica
has some similarities to
Abyssobela atoxica
Kantor & Sysoev, 1989
, notably in the whorl profile, spiral sculpture, the presence of dark content inside the rhynchocoel and the absence of a radula and venom apparatus (
Kantor & Sysoev, 1989
; Y. Kantor, pers comm.). However,
A. atoxica
does not possess eyes (Y. Kantor, pers. comm.), whereas in
N. magnifica
the eyes are well-developed and large. Polychaete fragments and foraminiferae have been recovered from the intestine of specimen SAMA D44255.