A taxonomic revision of the Western Palaearctic genus Cacochroa Heinemann 1870 (Lepidoptera, Depressariidae, Cryptolechiinae) with description of a new genus and a new species Author Corley, Martin CIBIO / InBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, P- 4485 - 661 Vairão, Portugal. E-mail: hiporame @ gmail. com. Corresponding author Author Ferreira, Sónia CIBIO / InBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, P- 4485 - 661 Vairão, Portugal. E-mail: hiporame @ gmail. com. Corresponding author text Zootaxa 2019 2019-10-08 4683 2 197 214 journal article 22523 10.11646/zootaxa.4683.2.2 96e8808b-a190-471b-89dc-ecf06d898298 1175-5326 3772692 3DA6AA04-4E2F-4509-8B01-D976A2A9CE82 Rosetea rosetella ( Corley, 2018 ) comb. nov. ( Figs 1C, 1 G-H, 3A, 4B) Cacochroa rosetella Corley, 2018: 76 . Cacochroa permixtella (male) sensu Lvovsky, 1981: 575 , fig. 3. Material examined: Portugal : Holotype female, Leiria , 2 km east of Ansião , 18.vii.2015 , J. Rosete leg., Corley gen. prep. 4641 ( NHMUK ). DNA barcode: INV00778. Spain : Huelva , Moguer , Pino del Cuervo , 10.vi.2003 , ex larva Phillyrea angustifolia , M. Huertas leg., 2 ♂ , 2 ♀ , Corley gen. prep. 5363; male and female gen. preps B. Goodey ( MCRC ) . France : Gall [ia] m[eridionalis], Staud [inger], [18]66 1 ♂ ( ZIAN ) . ‘Gall. Mer.’ [18]86, Constant ( NHMV ). ‘Gall. Mer.’ [18]90, Constant ( NHMV ). Alpes Maritimes, Golfe Juan, [no date], Constant, 10 specimens ( NHMUK ). Alpes Maritimes, Saint-Vallier-de-Thiéy, 14.vi.2011 , F. Rymarczyk, ex larva ( FRRC ). Cannes, leg. Ragonot, [no date], ( NHMV ). Cannes, Phillyrea latifolia , 6.vi.1890 , em. 26−27.vi.1890 , Walsingham leg. ( NHMUK ); same data but Phillyrea angustifolia , em. 25−28.vi.1890 . Provence, Domaine de Maure Vieille, 10.vi.2001 , H. Hendriksen leg., 1 ♂ ( ZMUC ); same data but 15.vi.2005 , 1 ♀ . DNA barcode: INV05877 . Var, Tanneron , leg. T . Varenne, 1 ♀ ( TVRC ) . Corsica , 10 km SE Calvi , Forêt de Bonifatu , 400m , 22.vi.1994 , B. Skule & P. Skou leg., 1 ♂ , Corley gen. prep. 5378 ( ZMUC ) . Italy : Liguria , Capo Mele , 8.vii.[19]62, leg. E. Jäckh , ♂ gen. prep. M.A. Metz USNM 141,548 ( USN- MENT01480144 ) ( USNM ) . Sardinia , Tempio di Antas , 30.vii.1974 , 1 ♂ , G. Baldizzone leg., Baldizzone gen. prep. 16724 ( GBRC ) . Sardinia , Oasi WWF Monte Arcosu , Su Tragu , 130m , 1.vii.2004 , 1♀ , G. Baldizzone leg. ( GBRC ) . Sardinia , Oasi WWF Scivu , 14.viii.2016 , 1 ♂ , 1 ♀ , O. Maioglio leg. , Baldizzone female gen. prep. 16726 ( GBRC ). DNA barcode: ♂ - INV08385 , ♀ - INV08386 . Croatia : Gravosa Aquäd., 12.vi.1928 , Knitschke , 1 ♀ ( NHMV ); Gravosa, 4-20.vi.1939 , leg. J. Klimesch , ex larva Phillyrea , 25.v.1939 , 1 ♂ , GP M. Dale 02552; Gravosa , 4-30.vi.1939 , leg. J. Klimesch , ex larva Phillyrea , 25.v.39, GP M. Dale 02553 ( ZSM ); Biograd , 5−12.vii.2003 , J. Šumpich leg. and det., 1 ♀ , gen. prep. 18676 ( NMPC ) . Greece : Litochoron 300−400m , 7-13.vii.1957 , leg. J. Klimesch , 1 ♂ , GP M. Dale 02558 ( ZSM ) . Litochoro-Plaka, 28.vi.1997 , Z. Tokár leg. & det., 1 ♀ , GP 13331 ZT ( ZTRC ). Mt. Olympus, Litochoron, 350m , 25.vii.1980 , 3 ♂ , 3 ♀ , G. Baldizzone leg., Baldizzone gen. preps 16725, 16729 ( GBRC ). Epyrus, str. Metsvovon, 800m , 26.vii.1973 , 1♀ , G. Baldizzone leg., Baldizzone gen. prep. 16727 ( GBRC ). Crete , 4 km S Topolia , 300m , 23−29.vi.2000 leg. M. Fibiger , P. Svendsen, D . Nilsson, A . Madsen, 1 ♂ , Corley gen. prep. 5385 ( ZMUC ) . Algeria : Philippeville [now Skikda ], larvae on Phillyrea latifolia , 14.v.1904 , 7 specimens emerged 5−18. vii.1904 , Walsingham leg., M. Dale gen. preps ♂ and ♀ ( NHMUK ) . Diagnosis. R. rosetella is distinguished from other Rosetea species by the size and shape of the juxta lobes and the absence of a process on the harpe. In the female the long signum separates it from the other two species. Description ( Figs 1C, 1G ). Wingspan 12−13 mm . Face creamy white, vertex pale grey mixed light brown. Labial palp slightly recurved, segment 2 thickly scaled, grey-brown, segment 3 half as long as segment 2, slender, pointed, buff with black base and apex. Antenna light grey with narrow light brown rings. Thorax and tegula pale grey mixed light brown. Forewing with costa curved throughout with greatest curvature at two-fifths, apex acute, termen very oblique, tornal angle obsolete; mixed grey and light to mid-brown; blackish spots on costa at one-third and two-fifths, the latter larger, with smaller spots near apex; various black dots, two in fold, two between fold and dorsum, one in cell at one-third, a smaller one just beyond this and one at end of cell, a few forming a dotted line running from small cell dot towards costa at two-thirds; fringe grey-brown. Hindwing narrower than forewing, apex acute, dull grey, darker towards apex; fringe dull grey. Male genitalia ( Fig. 3A ). Valva considerably expanded from near base to apex, sclerotised hook at end of costal margin stout, not tapering at middle, process at end of ventral margin broad, harpe a plate ending in a rounded hump on costal side and a broad point on ventral side; juxta lobes stout, extending well beyond posterior end of tegumen; aedeagus with recurved base, with cornuti through much of its length, gradually longer towards apex. Female genitalia ( Fig. 4B ). Papilla analis parallel-sided, rounded at apex; posterior apophysis 3.5 times as long as anterior apophysis; ostium partly covered by a broadly triangular plate with obtuse apex and concave sides, associated tongue-shaped flap with terminal setae, antrum conical; ductus bursae narrow, expanding into broadly pyriform corpus bursae; signum long, three-fifths length of posterior apophysis, slightly curved blade-like structure with expanded posterior end, abruptly narrowed to parallel-sided one-third, then expanded to anterior half with one margin serrated, acutely pointed. Biology. Adults have been taken at light from June to August, mainly at low altitudes, reaching 800 m in Greece . FIGURE 3. Male genitalia: A. Rosetea rosetella (Corley) , Spain, Huelva, Moguer, Pino del Cuervo, 10.vi.2003, ex larva Phillyrea angustifolia , M. Huertas leg., (MCRC), B. Goodey gen. prep. B. Rosetea corfuella (Lvovsky) , Greece, Lesvos, Keramia, 10.vi.2009, L. Kaila & J. Kullberg leg., (MCRC), B. Goodey gen. prep. C. Rosetea sara sp. n. , holotype, Morocco, High Atlas, Ouirgane, 10 km NW, 30.v.−3.vi.2015, C. Hviid, O. Karsholt & K. Larsen, (ZMUC), B. Goodey gen. prep. 5405 (juxta extracted to small figure on left). D. Rosetea sara sp. n. , Tunisia, Ain Draham area, 5−18.v.1988, leg. O. Karsholt, (ZMUC), B. Goodey gen. prep. 5406. FIGURE 4. Female genitalia: A. Cacochroa permixtella (H.-S.), Turkey, Brussa, 1851, Mann. leg. (NHMV), gen. prep. P. Buchner. B. Rosetea rosetella (Corley) , Algeria, Philippeville [now Skikda], larvae on Phillyrea latifolia , 14.v.1904, Lord Walsingham leg. (NHMUK), M. Dale gen. prep. C. Rosetea corfuella (Lvovsky) , Greece, Lesvos, Keramia, 10.vi.2009, L. Kaila & J. Kullberg leg., in coll. Corley, B. Goodey gen. prep. D. Rosetea sara sp. n. , Tunisia, Ain Draham area, 5−18.v.1988, leg. O. Karsholt, (ZMUC), M. Corley gen. prep. 5374. Larva ( Fig. 1H ). R. rosetella has been reared from larvae found on Phillyrea latifolia L. (sometimes given as P. media L.) and P. angustifolia L. ( Oleaceae ) in France by Constant (1890) , specimens in NHMV and NHMUK , by Walsingham in 1890, specimens in NHMUK and recently by Rymarczyk (pers. comm.), also from Spain ( Huertas, 2003 ) and Algeria (Walsingham in 1904, specimens in NHMUK ). In all cases the species was originally named as C. permixtella , but all belong to R. rosetella . Walsingham (1901) mentions rearing C. perplexella from Morocco (Cape Spartel), but there is no specimen in his collection with this data, so the identification cannot be proved. Initially larvae mine the leaves in short galleries usually with lateral diverticula, later feeding among spun leaves. Larvae are figured by Constant (1890) , Huertas (2003) under the name of C. permixtella and by Rymarczyk (Pathpiva, 2019) as C. rosetella . Hering (1957) figures the leaf mines of permixtella but it is not known if adults were reared. Distribution ( Fig. 5 ). Portugal and Spain (apparently rare), south France , Corsica , north-east Italy , Sardinia , rarer in Eastern Mediterranean, but recorded from Croatia , mainland Greece and Crete ; Algeria . A probable record (as C. permixtella ) from Morocco (Cape Spartel) cannot be confirmed ( Walsingham, 1901 ). C. permixtella was recorded from Sardinia, “Fontanamela 30-VII; Mine sulla Phillyrea variabilis da Aritzo 30- VI [-1936]; Ricchello raccolse le stesse Cagliari nel III ed a Campuomo, 19-IX” ( Hartig & Amsel, 1951 ). We have not examined this material, but it is likely to be R. rosetella as that is the species found elsewhere on Sardinia and also on Corsica . FIGURE 5. Known distribution of the analysed Cacochroa and Rosetea specimens. Rosetea corfuella ( Lvovsky, 2000 ) comb. nov. ( Figs 1D , 3B , 4C ) Cacochroa corfuella Lvovsky, 2000: 335 . Material examined: Greece : Corfu , Benitses , 6−14.vi.1978 , Vesa Varis leg., 3 ♂ , 4 ♀ , [ Type series] ( MZH , ZIAN ) . Litochoron 300−400m , 14-23.vi.1957 , leg. J. Klimesch, 1 ♂ , GP M. Dale 02558 ( ZSM ) . Igoumenitsa ( 5 km W), 5 m , 5.vii.2005 , J. Skyva leg., 1 ♀ , gen. prep. Šumpich 18284, ( SKYVA ). Peloponnes , Lakonia , 5 km S. Monemvasia , 21−30.vii.1982 , 1 ♂ , 1 ♀ , G. Baldizzone leg., Baldizzone gen. prep. 16728 ( GBRC ) . Lakonia, 10 km . S. Githion, 100m , 30.v.1994 , O. Karsholt leg., 1 ♂ , ( ZMUC ). Peloponnes , Kamares Ano Salmonikas , 450 m , 13.vi.2008 , J. Skyva leg., 2 ♂ , 1 ♀ , gen. preps Šumpich 18282, 18281 ( SKYVA ) ,. Peloponnes , Diakofto , 30 m , 19−25.vi.2001 , J. Skyva leg., 1 ♀ , gen. prep. Šumpich 18286 ( SKYVA ) . Peloponnes , Diakofto , 70 m , 19.vi.2011 , J. Skyva leg., 3 ♂ , gen. prep. Šumpich 18285 ( SKYVA ) . Lesvos, Keramia, 10.vi.2009 , L. Kaila & J. Kullberg leg., 1 ♂ , 1 ♀ , gen. preps. B. Goodey ( MCRC ). DNA barcode: INV05854 ( ♀ ) . Samos, Manutates, 6.vi.2012 leg. C. Hviid & B. Skule leg., 1 ♀ , Corley gen. prep. 5655 ( ZMUC ). DNA bar- code: INV05876. Rhodos, Faliraki, 1.v.1984 , leg. J. Klimesch, 1 ♂ ex larva Olea europaea , GP M. Dale 02557 ( ZSM ); Faliraki , 25.v.1987 , leg. J. Klimesch , 1 ♂ ex larva Olea europaea , GP M. Dale 02555 ( ZSM ) . Rhodos, Akropolis, 25.v.1984 , leg. J. Klimesch, GP M. Dale 02556 ( ZSM ) . Rhodos, Kolombia, 40 m . , 4−5.vii.2000 , M. Fibiger leg., 1 ♂ , Corley gen. prep. 5387 ( ZMUC ). Crete , Pánormos , 4 km W, 21.vi.2011 , Z. Tokár leg., 1 ♂ , GP ZT No. 13330 ( ZTRC ). DNA barcode: INV08382; Pánormos , 2.5 km W, 17.vi.2011 , Z. Tokár leg., 1 ♂ , GP ZT No. 13546 ( ZTRC ) . Croatia : Dalmatia , Pelješac , Žuljana , 100 m , 1−13.vii.2005 , J. Šumpich leg. and det., 1 ♂ , 1 ♀ , gen. preps 18274, 18273 ( NMPC ) . Zaostrog – Kosoviči, 8.vii.2004 , Z. Tokár, 1 ♂ , GP ZT No. 13329 + 2 specimens 9.vii.2004 ( ZTRC ) . Macedonia : North Macedonia , Gopceli (near Dorjan lake ), 31.v.2014 , I. Richter leg. and det., 1 ♂ , GP28043 IgR ( IGRC ). Turkey : Bilecik , 27.v.1964 , leg. J. Klimesch , 1 ♂ , GP M. Dale 02554 ( ZSM ) . Cyprus : Kato Drys , 23.iv.2002 , J. Junnilainen leg., 4 ♂ , ( JJRC ) . Selvilitepe, 600m , above Kozan, 35.302° N , 33.095° E , 13.v.2007 , B. Skule leg., 1 ♀ , Corley gen. prep. 5386 ( ZMUC ). Kidasi, 26.iv.2017 , I. Barton leg., 1 ♂ , 27.iv.2017 , IB gen. prep. 1615 ( IBRC ). Secret Valley, 27.iv.2017 , I. Barton leg., IB gen. prep. 1616 ( IBRC ). Israel : Nahal Oren , Mt. Carmel , light trap , 21.viii.1998 , SFS-1, Pavlíček & Kravchenko leg., det. J. Šumpich , 1 ♀ , gen. prep. 18422 ( NMPC ) . Diagnosis. R. corfuella is easily separated from the other Rosetea species by the very long juxta lobes, which can be seen without dissection if some scales are brushed away. In the female the short signum is similar to that of R. sara , but the two species clearly differ in the structures around the ostium. Description ( Fig. 1D ). Wingspan 13−14 mm . Face creamy white, vertex buff, greyer anterolaterally; labial pal- pus segment 3 one-third length of segment 2, segment 2 inner side whitish buff, outer side grey-buff, light fuscous at base and apex, segment 3 fuscous near base, black-tipped; antenna light grey-buff, intersegmental divisions light fuscous, each segment with light fuscous spot on upper side. Thorax grey-buff, tegulae grey anteriorly. Forewing ochreous-buff heavily overlaid with grey, particularly in costal half; two obliquely placed blackish spots in middle of wing at one-quarter to one-third, lying in a patch of darker grey scales, edged whitish, the first spot closer to costa, a pair of black dots at end of cell, a series of blackish dots between veins along termen; fringe grey. Hindwing light grey to grey-brown. Male genitalia ( Fig. 3B ). Valva expanding from base, costal margin much shorter than ventral, ending in a sclerotised hook that is narrower in outer half than basal half, ventral margin ending in long slender process, harpe with long slender process, exceeding posterior margin of valva; juxta lobes quite slender, bent outwards at twofifths, then evenly curving inwards towards each other; aedeagus with recurved base, some small cornuti and a single long cornutus nearly half as long as aedeagus. The long juxta lobes can be seen by brushing away some scales at the tip of the abdomen in dried specimens. Female genitalia ( Fig. 4C ). Posterior apophysis twice as long as anterior apophysis; ostium concealed by a broadly triangular lobe associated with a quadrate process with spinous distal part; antrum triangular, tapering anteriorly to weakly sclerotised colliculum; ductus bursae short, with ductus spermathecae arising from bulge on ductus bursae, corpus bursae elliptic, opening into one edge of base of elliptic corpus bursae; signum a stout thorn, strongly bent at base, with spinous teeth on its outer margin. Variation. One male from Crete (Pánormos 4 km W, 21.vi.2011 , Z. Tokár leg., GP ZT 13330 ( ZTRC ), DNA barcode: INV08382) has unusually short juxta processes, but DNA barcode places it in R. corfuella . Biology. Adults fly from end of May to July. It has been recorded in April in Cyprus ( Barton, 2018 ) and in late August in Israel , suggesting that it may be double-brooded in some areas. Mainly in lowlands, but reaching 600 m in Cyprus . Larvae have been found on olive ( Olea europaea L.) on Rhodos. Olea is in the same family ( Oleaceae ) as Phillyrea . No description of the larva exists, but Klimesch reared both this species and R. rosetella without ques- tioning their identity, in spite of the different host-plants, from which it can be concluded that the larvae of the two species appear similar. Distribution. ( Fig. 5 ) Croatia , Macedonia , Greece including Crete and islands close to Turkish coast, Turkey , Cyprus , Israel .