Morpho-molecular diversity of Linocarpaceae (Chaetosphaeriales): Claviformispora gen. nov. from decaying branches of Phyllostachys heteroclada Author Xu, Xiu-Lan Research Institute of Forestry, Chengdu Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Nongke Road 200, Chengdu 611130, China & National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang District, Huiming Road 211, Chengdu 611130, China & Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang District, Huiming Road 211, Chengdu 611130, China https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6832-5421 xuxiulanxxl@126.com Author Yang, Chun-Lin National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang District, Huiming Road 211, Chengdu 611130, China & Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang District, Huiming Road 211, Chengdu 611130, China yangcl0121@163.com Author Jeewon, Rajesh Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius, Reduit, Mauritius https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8563-957X Author Wanasinghe, Dhanushka N. Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1759-3933 Author Liu, Ying-Gao National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang District, Huiming Road 211, Chengdu 611130, China & Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang District, Huiming Road 211, Chengdu 611130, China Author Xiao, Qian-Gang Research Institute of Forestry, Chengdu Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Nongke Road 200, Chengdu 611130, China text MycoKeys 2020 70 1 17 http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.70.54231 journal article http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.70.54231 1314-4049-70-1 7C703A14D9F85742BBA3E0ECD1873CA9 Claviformispora phyllostachydis X. L. Xu & C. L. Yang sp. nov. Fig. 2 Type. China, Sichuan Province, Ya'an City, Yucheng Distinct, Kongping Township, alt. 1133 m, 29°50.14'N , 103°03'E , on dead branches of Phyllostachys heteroclada Oliv. ( Poaceae ), 11 December 2016, C. L. Yang and X. L. Xu, YCL201612002 (SICAU 16-0007, holotype ; MFLU 18-1217, isotype ), ex-type living culture, SICAUCC 16-0004 = MFLUCC 18-1230. Figure 2. Claviformispora phyllostachydis (SICAU 16-0007, holotype) a, b Stromata on host substrate c section through ascoma with ascomata d ostiole with periphyses e peridium f paraphyses g-j asci k-o ascospores p germinated ascospore q, r colony on PDA after 7 days. Scale bars: 2 mm ( a ), 500 μm ( b ), 100 μm ( c ), 20 μm ( d, e ), 10 μm ( f-p ). Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the host genus Phyllostachys . Description. Saprobic on dead branches of Phyllostachys heteroclada Oliv. Sexual morph : Stromata solitary comprising elliptical areas or aggregated in large black areas, slightly raised with slit-like openings presenting on host surface. Ascomata 120-240 μm high x 220-490 μm diameter (x̄ = 189 x 345 μm , n = 20), perithecial, immersed, central, papillate ostiole with periphyses, oval-globose in section, the cells between the perithecia are composed with tissue of stromata and host. Peridium 20-40 μm wide (x̄ = 33 μm , n = 10), outer cells merging with the host tissues, composed of pale to dark brown cells of textura angularis . Hamathecium comprising hyaline, hypha-like, septate paraphyses, occasionally branched, longer than asci, wider at the base, 2-4 μm diameter (x̄ = 2.7 μm , n = 20) tapering towards the apex, 0.78-1.20 μm diameter (x̄ = 0.98 μm , n = 20). Asci 90-160 x 9-15 μm (x̄ = 118 x 13 μm , n = 20), 8-spored, cylindrical to cylindric-clavate, unitunicate, short pedicellate, apically rounded, with a massive, doughnut-shaped, refractive, J- reaction, apical ring. Ascospores 35-50 x 5.7-8.6 μm (x̄ = 45.7 x 7.0 μm , n = 40), overlapping uniseriate or 2-seriate, claviform typically with a thin pedicel, aseptate, hyaline, straight or slight curved, without appendage and septum-like bands, guttulate when maturity. Asexual morph : Undetermined. Culture characters. Ascospores germinated on PDA within 12 hours at both ends. Colonies on PDA reaching 5 cm diameter after 7 days at 25 °C, white to grey with strong radiations outwards on forward side. Colonies became dark brown and black on the reverse after a long time of cultivation. The hyphae are septate, branched, smooth.