Revision and phylogenetic analysis of the spider genus Philisca Simon (Araneae: Anyphaenidae, Amaurobioidinae) 3443
Author
Soto, Eduardo M.
Author
Ramírez, Martín J.
text
Zootaxa
2012
2012-08-29
3443
1
1
65
https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3443.1.1
journal article
10.11646/zootaxa.3443.1.1
11755334
5254614
Philisca ingens
Berland
Figs 10–12
,
34g
Philisca ingens
Berland, 1924: 436
(female
holotype
, from
Chile
, Juan Fernandez Archipelago, Más a Tierra,
22.VIII.1917
, K. Bäckström coll., in NRS, S.P.E. 817, and female
paratype
in MHNP, examined).
Ramírez 2003: 178
.
Diagnosis:
Philisca ingens
has a huge size compared to other
Philisca
species
(
Figs 10
,
11
), with a carapace longer than
6mm
. The other large species of the genus,
P. doilu
, has a distinct notch on the posterior margin of the carapace (
Fig. 7b
). Males are further distinguished by the very small copulatory bulb, widely separated from the tibia (
Fig. 12b
).
Description.
Female
(from
Chile
, Juan Fernandez Islands, Más a Tierra, Valle Anson, Plazoleta de Yunque,
200–250m
Camote side,
1–28.IV.1962
, B. Malkin, in AMNH): Total length 12.77. Prosoma length 6.65, width 4.79, wider between legs II–III. Tibia/metatarsus length:
I
, 5.13/4.67;
II
, 4.33/4.13;
III
, 3.27/3.60;
IV
, 4.53/5.20. Chelicerae with three teeth on promargin (middle tooth larger), three on retromargin. Sternum length 3.20, width 2.47. Spines: leg
I
, femur d 1–1–1, p d2ap or d1ap; tibia v 2–p1–2; metatarsus v 2bas.
II
, femur d 1–1–1, p d2ap; tibia v 2–2–r1–2; metatarsus v 2bas.
III
, femur d 1–1–1, p and r d1ap; patella r d1; tibia v 2–2–2, p d1–1, r 1–1 or 1–0; metatarsus v 2–2–2, d 2ap, p d1–1–1 and r d1–1–1 or d1–0–1.
IV
, femur d 1–1–1, p and r d1ap; patella r d1; tibia v 2–2–2, p d1–1 and r d1–d1–1; metatarsus v 2–2–2, d 0–p1–2 or 1–p1–2, p and r d1–1–1. Color in ethanol as male, see below (
Fig. 6d
). Opisthosoma length 5.32, epigastrium–spiracle 2.40, spiracle–spinnerets 0.80. Epigyne large, not much translucent (
Fig. 6e, f
), ventrally a single plate with anterior notch, LL separated in dorsal view. MF smooth, heart-shaped, close to the epigastric furrow. Anterior pouch wide, with short lumen. Ducts of AB long. Spermathecae large (
Fig. 6f
). The
holotype
presented the following differences in spines:
II
, femur p d1ap; tibia v 2–2–2, p 0–1; metatarsus v p1–0.
III
, tibia d r1–0–1–0; metatarsus d 0–p1–2.
FIGURE 10.
Female
Philisca ingens
Berland
(EMS-00121, EMS-00145).
a
female dorsal habitus;
b
epigyne, ventral view;
c
cleared epigyne, dorsal view. (AB: accessory bulbs, CD: copulatory ducts, MF: median field, S: spermathecae).
Male
(MACN-Ar 27955): Total length 12.90. Prosoma length 6.38, width 4.66. Length of tibia/metatarsus:
I
, 6.65/6.38;
II
, 5.99/5.85;
III
, 4.79/3.46;
IV
, 5.99/6.38. Chelicerae have clear modifications (
Fig.
34g
) with three teeth (middle tooth larger) on promargin, three on retromargin. Endites with protuberance at each external angle. Sternum length 3.00, width 2.33. Spines: leg
I
, femur d 1–1–1, p d2ap; tibia v 2–2–2; metatarsus v 2bas.
II
, femur d 1–1–1, p d1ap; tibia v 2–2–2; metatarsus v 2bas, p 1–0.
III
, femur d 1–1–1, p and r d1ap; patella r d1; tibia v 2– 2–2, p d1–1, r d1–1–1; metatarsus v 2–2–2, d 0–p1–2, p and r d1–1–1.
IV
, femur d 1–1–1, p and r d1ap; patella r d1; tibia v 2–2–2, p d1–1, r d1–d1–0–1; metatarsus v 2–2–2, d 0–p1–2, p and r d1–1–1. Opisthosoma length 6.12, spiracle–epigastrium 3.13, spiracle–spinnerets 1.00. Color in ethanol (
Fig. 11
): Prosoma, chelicerae and mouthparts reddish brown, darker in front. Sternum and legs reddish–yellow, speckled black on the underside and at the base of some spines. Abdomen yellow, reddish speckled in black. Tibia width/length 0.17. Embolus thin, cylindrical, base of embolus with anterior longitudinal projecting ridge. MA long, flattened, without branches, thinner on its ventral margin (
Fig. 12h
). PMA long, wide, triangular, pPMA simple. Sclerotized triangular area present from the sperm duct to the base of MA. Conductor conspicuous, with canal weakly developed, ending in peak, on rounded projection, directed backwards (
Fig. 12
).
Variability:
Spines in males:
I
, tibia p 0–1.
II
, tibia p 0–1.
IV
, femur p and r d2ap; metatarsus v 2–p1–2. Spines in female:
I
, tibia v 2–2–2.
II
, femur p d2ap; tibia p 0–1.
Distribution:
Known only from the Juan Fernandez Archipelago,
Isla
Robinson Crusoe,
Chile
.
Other
material examined:
CHILE
:
Región V
(
Valparaíso
):
Archip. Juan Fernández
,
Is. Robinson Crusoe
, área de
Plazoleta El Yunque
,
S33.65276º
W78.84403º
(GPS, trayecto +-
25m
), elev.
299m
(barómetro),
16– 20.II.2011
, bosque de
luma, M. Ramírez, E. Soto, J. Pizarro
,
1 male
(
MACN-Ar 27955
)
,
1 female
and
2 immatures
(
MACN-Ar 27954
)
,
1 female
(
MACN-Ar 28032
)
;
El Yunque
square,
200–500m
Camote
side,
1–28.IV.1962
,
1 female
and
1 immature
,
B. Malkin
(
AMNH
; temporary preparations, female: EMS-00121, EMS-00145)
;
sendero al
Mirador Selkirk
,
S33.63803°
W78.84838°
(GPS, +-
10m
), elev.
367m
(barómetro),
18.II.2011
, ambiente alterado, maqui y mora,
M. Ramírez
,
E. Soto
, J.
Pizarro
,
1 male
(
MACN-Ar 27956
)
;
Sector Salsipuedes
,
S33.63087°
W78.84386°
(GPS, área +-
100m
), elev.
482m
(barómetro),
21.II.2011
, bosque de canelo, maqui y
luma, M. Ramírez, E. Soto, J. Pizarro
,
3 immatures
(
MACN-Ar 28391
)
.