A taxonomic study of Nemania from China, with six new species Author Pi, Yin Hui State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China & The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province (The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, China Author Long, Si Han https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8346-3646 State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China Author Wu, You Peng State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China Author Liu, Li Li State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China Author Lin, Yan State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China Author Long, Qing De State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China Author Kang, Ji Chuan Engineering and Research Center for Southwest Bio-Pharmaceutical Resources of National Education Ministry of China, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China Author Kang, Ying Qian Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education of Guizhou and Guizhou Talent Base for Microbiology and Human Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China Author Chang, Chu Rui State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China Author Shen, Xiang Chun State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China & The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province (The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, China Author Wijayawardene, Nalin N. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0522-5498 State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China & Center for Yunnan Plateau Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing, Yunnan 655011, China & Section of Genetics, Institute for Research and Development in Health and Social Care, No: 393 / 3, Lily Avenue, Off Robert Gunawardane Mawatha, Battaramulla 10120, Sri Lanka Author Zhang, Xu State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China Author Li, Qi Rui State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China & The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province (The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, China lqrnd2008@163.com text MycoKeys 2021 2021-08-24 83 39 67 http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.83.69906 journal article http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.83.69906 1314-4049-83-39 18F18165DD6F5375A3383DAFD3D32252 Nemania cyclobalanopsina Y.H. Pi & Q.R. Li sp. nov. Fig. 5 Etymology. Refers to its host, Cyclobalanopsis glauca . Material examined. China , Yunnan Province , Changning County , Lancang River Nature Reserve ( 25°01'9.46"N , 99°35'29.47"E , altitude: 2623 m ), on dead wood of C. glauca , 6 October 2019 , Y.H. Pi , 2019LC357 (GMB0062, holotype ; GMBC0062, ex-type living culture; KUN-HKAS 112679, isotype) . Description. Saprobic on the surface of decaying branches of C. glauca (Thunb.) Oerst. Sexual morph : Stromata effused-pulvinate, orbicular to ellipsoid or irregularly lobed, 6-26 mm long x 3.5-10 mm wide x 0.5-1 mm thick, occasionally confluent into larger compound stromata, with steep to sloping margins; surface light blackish, slightly blood colour; outer crust carbonaceous; interior black, entire tissue carbonaceous around the perithecia; mature stromata lacking KOH-extractable pigments. Perithecia 0.2-0.3 mm diam. x 0.38-0.46 mm high, subglobose obovoid or tubular. Ostioles higher than stromatal surface and with coarsely rounded-papillate, black, without encircling disc. Asci 90-160 x 7-11 μm (av. = 125 x 9 μm , n = 30), 8-spored, unitunicate, cylindrical, long-stipitate, the spore-bearing parts 65-85 µm long, apically rounded with a J+, short-cylindrical to slightly tubular apical apparatus stained in Melzer's Reagent, 1.5-2.5 x 2-3 µm (av. = 2 x 2.3 µm , n = 30). Ascospores 9-14 x 4.5-7.5 μm (av. = 11 x 6 μm , n = 30), uniseriate, unicellular, ellipsoid-inequilateral with broadly rounded ends, smooth, brown to dark brown, with a conspicuous, straight germ slit slightly less than spore-length to almost spore-length on the convex side; lacking a sheath and appendage; perispore indehiscent in 10% KOH. Asexual morph : Undetermined. Figure 5. Nemania cyclobalanopsina (GMB0062, holotype ) A type material B, C stromata on the surface of host D transverse sections of stromata E longitudinal sections of stromata F-H asci with ascospores I pigments in 10% KOH J ascospore with indehiscent perispore in 10% KOH K ascus apical apparatus (stained in Melzer's Reagent) L, M ascospores N, O colonies on PDA ( N -upper, O -lower). Scale bars: 0.5 mm ( C-E ); 10 μm ( F-H, J-M ). Culture characteristics. Colonies on PDA medium in size with a diameter of 6 cm after two weeks at 25 °C; the surface is white, intermediate thick, cottony, dense, with undulate or ring edge, flat, low, whitish-yellow, reverse of the colony yellow at the centre. Not sporulating on OA nor on PDA. Other examined material. China , Yunnan Province , Changning County , Lancang River Nature Reserve ( 25°52'17.40"N , 99°35'20.53"E , altitude: 1489 m ), on dead wood of C. glauca , 4 October 2019 , Y.H. Pi , 2019LC357-1 (GMB0061), living culture, GMBC0061 . Notes. In our phylogenetic analyses, N. cyclobalanopsina grouped with N. diffusa (100% ML, 1 BYPP, Fig. 1 ). Morphologically, N. cyclobalanopsina differs from N. diffusa by its blackish stromatal surfaces and coarsely rounded-papillate ostioles. Moreover, N. diffusa has larger perithecia (0.3-0.6 x 0.4-0.8 mm) ( Granmo et al. 1999 ; Ju and Rogers 2002 ). In the multi-gene phylogenetic analysis, N. cyclobalanopsina appeared in a separate branch which is distinct from N. diffusa (Fig. 1 ). Moreover, there is a 3% difference in ITS sequences between N. diffusa and N. cyclobalanopsina . ( Vu et al. 2019 ; Jeewon and Hyde 2016 ).