Syllidae (Annelida: Phyllodocida) from the deep Mediterranean Sea, with the description of three new species Author Langeneck, Joachim Author Musco, Luigi Author Busoni, Giulio Author Conese, Ilaria Author Aliani, Stefano Author Castelli, Alberto text Zootaxa 2018 2018-01-04 4369 2 197 220 journal article 31078 10.11646/zootaxa.4369.2.3 cf7bc2b0-c94e-4788-a495-7fc270a17161 1175-5326 1135678 172F11D3-CFA0-4EBB-BDA4-DE58E3316A53 Exogone naidina Ørsted, 1845 Exogone naidina Ørsted 1845 : 20 , Pl. 2; San Martín 1984a : 208 , pl. 46. Exogone (Exogone) naidina San Martín 2003 : 262 ‒265, Figs 142‒143. San Martín 2005 : 130 ‒131, Fig. 79. Syllis longiseta Gosse 1855 : 32 ‒33, Pl. 4, Figs 14‒21. Gossia longiseta Quatrefages 1866 : 49 . Exogone gemmifera Pagenstecher 1862 : 267 ; Fauvel 1923 : 305 , Figs 117a‒d; Day 1967 : 274 , Figs 12.10 p.v.; Ben-Eliahu 1977 : 78 , Fig. 7 . Exogone kefersteinii Claparède 1863 : 42 ‒44, pl. 12, Figs 3‒6 . Schmardia chauseyana Quatrefages 1866 : 65 ‒66, Pl. 8, Figs 16‒17. Paedophylax levis Bobretzky 1870 : 234 ‒238, Figs 54‒57. Material examined. St. 8: 3 individuals. Distribution. Allegedly cosmopolitan ( San Martín 2003 ). Remarks. The examined material morphologically corresponds to E. naidina as described by San Martín (2003) . The extremely wide geographical distribution, as well as the wide range of ecological conditions where this species occurs, however, led to speculate that it may actually represent a species complex, as supported by the occurrence of diploid and a tetraploid form in shallow Mediterranean waters ( Cognetti Varriale, 1967 ). Further molecular studies, together with detailed morphological analyses are needed to clarify the taxonomic status of this widely distributed species.