Taxonomy of the Cryptopygus complex. III. The revision of South African species of Cryptopygus and Isotominella (Collembola, Isotomidae)
Author
Potapov, Mikhail B.
Senckenberg Museum of Natural History Goerlitz, Am Museum 1, 02826, Goerlitz, Germany & Moscow State Pedagogical University, Kibalchich str., 6, korp. 3, Moscow 129278, Russia
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6111-3354
mpnk-abroad@yandex.ru
Author
Janion-Scheepers, Charlene
University of Cape Town, Department of Biological Sciences, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa & Iziko Museums of South Africa, 25 Queen Victoria Street, Cape Town, 8001, South Africa
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5942-7912
Author
Deharveng, Louis
Institut de Systematique, Evolution, Biodiversite ISYEB-UMR 7205 - CNRS, MNHN, UPMC, EPHE, Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Sorbonne Universites, 45 rue Buffon, F- 75005, Paris, France
text
ZooKeys
2020
945
99
127
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.945.51860
journal article
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.945.51860
1313-2970-945-99
CCD1B83E262441CDBD0AE1C57EDCA4DC
1E1F40C8FAD751509E70897F4DE56527
Cryptopygus bulbus
sp. nov.
Figures 1
, 2
, 4
, 6-14
Type material.
Holotype and thirteen paratypes: South Africa • Western Cape, Cederberg Wilderness Area, Wolfberg Crags;
32.471507S
,
19.278397E
; 19 Feb 2011; C. Janion-Scheepers leg.; litter, Tullgren extraction; RSA11_CED002, deposited at SAMC • six paratypes on four slides and seven paratypes in ethanol; same locality • sixteen paratypes; Western Cape, Cederberg Wilderness Area;
32.310167S
,
19.175183E
; Oct. 2008; C. Janion-Scheepers leg.; pitfall trap; RSA08_CED001. Four paratypes deposited in ethanol at SAMC, five paratypes on three slides deposited at SMNG, seven paratypes on three slides at MSPU.
Other material.
South Africa • Western Cape, Mont Rochelle Nature Reserve, Franschoek;
33.902967S
,
19.158950E
; 06 Oct. 2008; C. Janion-Scheepers leg.;
Erica
site with
Erica-Protea
(
Ericaceae
and
Protacea
) mixed litter, litter trap; MR644, MR648 • Western Cape, Kogelberg Nature Reserve;
34.328083S
,
18.962250E
; 29 Aug. 2008; C. Janion-Scheepers leg.;
Erica
Site, Litter trap (K467), with
Galenia
litter.
Diagnosis.
With a globular retractile bulb on Ant. IV. Organite on Ant. IV chili-like. 6+6 ocelli. Maxillary palp simple. Two sublobal hairs. Anterior side of manubrium without chaetae. Tenaculum with one chaeta.
Description.
Body size 0.7-0.9 mm, habitus as in Figs
1
,
2
. Body with rather regular blue pigmentation, slender. Abd. V well separated from Abd. IV and fused with Abd. VI (Fig.
4
). Cuticle
"smooth"
, with orthogonal primary granulation. Ocelli 6+6 arranged in anterior and posterior groups (Fig.
8
), three in each. PAO more than twice as long as ocellus, 0.6-0.7 as long as width of Ant. I and 1.0-1.3 as long as inner unguis length. Maxillary head with unmodified lamellae. Maxillary outer lobe with two sublobal hairs, maxillary palp simple. Labral formula as 2/5,5,4, edge of labrum not reduced (Fig.
7
). Labium with five usual papillae (
A-E
) and labial formula A1B3C0D4E6, guard chaetae e7 and b4 absent, three proximal and four basomedian chaetae. Ventral side of head with 4+4 chaetae. Ant. I with two ventral s-chaetae (s) and three small bms, two dorsal and one ventral, Ant. II with three bms and one latero-distal s, Ant. III with one bms and five distal s (including one lateral), without additional s-chaetae. S-chaetae on Ant. IV weakly differentiated. Organite long, of chili-like shape, set apart from subapical micro s-chaeta (Figs
9
,
10
). A globular retractile bulb embedded at tip of antennae, near pin-chaeta (Figs
9
,
10
).
Figures 1-3.
Appearance and macrochaetotaxy of
C. bulbus
sp. nov., ventral (
1
) and lateral (
2
) views, and
C. abulbus
sp. nov. (
3
).
Common chaetae often slightly serrated at the posterior part of Abd. V. S-formula as 4,3/2,2,2,3,5 (s), 1,0/1,0,0 (ms) (Fig.
7
). Tergal s-chaetae much shorter than common chaetae and well distinguishable (Fig.
4
). Medial s-chaetae on Th. II-Abd. III situated in mid-tergal position. On Abd. V, three dorsal s-chaetae (al, accp1, accp2) and two lateral ones slightly shorter (Fig.
6
). Macrochaetae smooth and short, 1,1/3,3,3 in number, medial ones on Abd. VI 1.6-2.0 times longer than dens and 2.8-4.1 times longer than mucro. Foil chaetae at the tip of abdomen absent. Axial chaetotaxy as 5-6,4/3,3(4),3-4,4-6. Th. I and II without ventral chaetae, Th. III with 2+2 ventral chaetae (Fig.
1
).
Figures 4-5.
Macrochaetotaxy and s-ms-pattern of
C. bulbus
sp. nov. (
4
) and
C. abulbus
sp. nov. (
5
). Abbreviations: msms-chaeta, ss s-chaeta.
Unguis of normal shape, without teeth. Empodial appendage 0.5-0.7 as long as unguis. Tibiotarsi without additional chaetae on Leg I and II (21 chaetae), and with few ones on Leg III (>25), adult males with short thickened spurs on tibiotarsi III (Fig.
11
). Tibiotarsal tenent hairs clavate, 1,2,2 on Tibiotarsi 1,2,3. Ventral tube with 3+3 laterodistal and 4-6 posterior chaetae, anteriorly without chaetae (Fig.
12
). Tenaculum with 4+4 teeth and one chaeta. Anterior furcal subcoxa with 5-7, posterior one with three chaetae. Anterior side of manubrium without chaetae, posterior side with 4+4 laterobasal and 8-10 chaetae on main part, without lateral chaetae (Figs
13
,
14
). Dens short, without crenulation, with one rigid and short anterior and three posterior chaetae. Mucro bidentate. Ratio manubrium: dens: mucro = 2.5-4.1: 1.7-2.2: 1.
Figures 6-14.
C. bulbus
sp. nov.
6
Abd. IV and fused Abd. V and VI
7
labrum, lateral view
8
ocelli, PAO and Ant. I
9, 10
apical part of Ant. IV, different views
11
tibiotarsus and claw of Leg III in adult male
12
ventral tube, ventral view
13
furcal area, ventral view
14
furca, lateral view. Abbreviations: ab apical bulb, org organit, sms subapical ms-chaeta, bms basal ms-chaeta, ss s-chaeta.
Etymology.
The name is derived from the presence of apical bulb on Ant. IV.
Distribution and ecology.
Currently known to occur in the southern part of the Western Cape Province of South Africa, including Kogelberg, Franschoek and the Table Mountain area (Cape Town). All specimens were collected from leaf litter in indigenous vegetation.
Discussion.
The species differs from other representatives of the
Cryptopygus
complex, if not from all
Isotomidae
of the Southern Hemisphere, by the presence of a globular bulb at tip of the antennae. The taxonomical value of this character is not fully clear. In the Northern Hemisphere several unrelated genera also possess an apical bulb which is embedded on the tip of the antennae, for example
Anurophorus
Nicolet, 1842 (most of the species),
Sibiracanthella
Potapov & Stebaeva, 1994,
Tuvia
Grinbergs, 1962 and
Vertagopus
Boerner
, 1906 (few species). The antennal bulb of
C. bulbus
sp. nov. is set apart from the apex, which is unlike in the aforementioned taxa. The only exception found was in specimens observed from Orangekloof (Cape Town), where the apical bulb was less developed.
For other differences of the new species from congeners see the Discussion of
C. abulbus
sp. nov.