A survey of the spider genus Dysdera Latreille, 1804 (Araneae, Dysderidae) in Iran, with fourteen new species and notes on two fossil genera Author Zamani, Alireza https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8084-9666 Zoological Museum, Biodiversity Unit, FI- 20014 University of Turku, Turku, Finland zamani.alireza5@gmail.com Author Marusik, Yuri M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4499-5148 Department of Zoology & Entomology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa Author Szűts, Tamas https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8954-0641 Department of Ecology, University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, Rottenbiller u. 50, Budapest, 1077, Hungary text ZooKeys 2023 2023-02-07 1146 43 86 http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1146.97517 journal article http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1146.97517 1313-2970-1146-43 01E76F6AB9914F339BD6991090F07E80 B1CCD44D55C25FFD8D9DE752139E864F Dysdera tapuria sp. nov. Figs 29A-F , 30A-D , 31A-D Type material. Holotype ♂ (MMUE), Iran: Mazandaran Province: Tooban, Khorram-Abad, 36°43'N , 50°48'E , 8-10.06.2000 (Y.M. Marusik). Paratypes : 1♀ (MMUE), same data as the holotype; 1♂ (MHNG), Chorteh, 36°49'N , 50°38'E , 1300 m, 5.08.1974 (A. Senglet); 1♂ (MHNG), Chorteh, 36°49'N , 50°38'E , 1300 m, 8.07.1973 (A. Senglet). Etymology. The specific epithet is a noun in apposition, referring to the term applied to a mountainous region located in the Caspian coast of northern Iran. Diagnosis. The male of the new species is most similar to that of D. concinna , but differs by longer bulb (i.e., bulb length/tegulum width = 3.1, vs. 2.7), median crest wider than high (vs. higher than wide), and shorter stylus (cf. Fig. 30B and Dunin 1982 : fig. B). The male of D. tapuria sp. nov. is also similar to that of D. damavandica sp. nov., but differs by the median crest wider than high (vs. higher than wide) and relatively shorter stylus (cf. Fig. 30A and Fig. 26A ). The female of this species differs from those of its congeners occurring in the region by the very wide lateral edges of the receptacle (i.e., approximately half of the receptacle's width, vs. less than half). Description. Male (Holotype). Habitus as in Fig. 29A-C . Total length 9.55. Carapace 3.76 long, 2.86 wide. Eye diameters: AME 0.14, PME 0.13, PLE 0.13. Carapace, sternum, chelicerae, labium, and maxillae reddish brown. Legs orange. Abdomen cream-coloured, without any pattern. Spinnerets uniformly dark yellowish. Measurements of legs: I: 14.04 (4.16, 2.14, 3.65, 3.24, 0.85), II: 12.72 (3.79, 2.08, 3.00, 3.11, 0.74), III: 10.01 (2.93, 1.44, 2.14, 2.77, 0.73), IV: 11.90 (3.72, 1.48, 2.73, 3.19, 0.78). Spination: I: Fe: 2pl. II: Fe: 1pl. III: Ti: 5pl, 3rl, 1v; Mt: 5pl, 2rl, 3v. IV: Fe: 8d, 1rl; Pa: 1pl; Ti: 5pl, 3rl, 6v; Mt: 6pl, 2rl, 5v. Figure 29. Male ( A-C ) and female ( D-F ) of Dysdera tapuria sp. nov., habitus A, D dorsal view B, E ventral view C, F lateral view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm. Palp as in Fig. 30A-D ; bulb ca. 3.1 x longer than wide; tegulum bell-shaped, almost as long as wide; psembolus 1.8 x longer than tegulum; median crest triangular, ca. 7 x shorter than length of psembolus, ca. 2.5 x wider than high; posterior apophysis claw-shaped; incision between tegulum and psembolus present; retrolateral crest roundly bent in proximal part and almost straight distally; stylus straight, as long as median crest. Figure 30. Male of Dysdera tapuria sp. nov., bulb A retrolateral view B prolateral view C anterior view D posterior view. Scale bars: 0.25 mm. Female. Habitus as in Fig. 29D-F . Total length 18.1. Carapace 7.77 long, 6.01 wide. Eye diameters: AME 0.30, PME 0.30, PLE 0.34. Colouration as in male. Measurements of legs: I: 14.24 (3.99, 2.54, 3.62, 3.44, 0.65), II: 13.46 (4.31, 2.10, 3.22, 3.06, 0.77), III: 10.20 (2.96, 1.70, 1.97, 2.75, 0.82), IV: 13.08 (3.99, 1.72, 2.85, 3.62, 0.90). Spination: I: Fe: 2pl. II: Fe: 2pl. III: Fe: 1pl; Ti: 2pl, 2rl, 4v; Mt: 3pl, 4rl, 5v. IV: Fe: 3d; Ti: 2pl, 2rl, 6v; Mt: 5pl, 4rl, 5v. Endogyne as in Fig. 31A-D ; length/width ratio ca. 3; receptacle ( Re ) with shallow median concavity, ca. 4.5 x longer than wide, anterior angles ( Aa ) indistinct; dorsal arch ( Da ) trapezoidal, posterior margin ca. 1.6 x longer than anterior, anterior angles rounded; transverse bar ( Tb ) almost 2 x longer and slightly wider than receptacle; transverse bar's anterior margin straight, posterior margin arched; lateral edges ( Le ) very wide, directed latero-posteriorly; posterior diverticulum ( Pd ) rounded. Figure 31. Female of Dysdera tapuria sp. nov., endogyne A ventral view B-D dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.25 mm. Abbreviations: Aa - anterior angle, Da - dorsal arch, Le - lateral edge, Pd - posterior diverticulum, Re - receptacle, Tb - transverse bar. Distribution. Known only from the listed localities in Mazandaran Province, northern Iran (Fig. 35 ). Dysdera ninnii species group Diagnosis. This group can be diagnosed by a combination of the following characters: chelicerae shorter than the width of carapace, carapace relatively short with anteriorly converging lateral margins, and bulb with simple crest, simple apex bearing a long subapical tooth, and a crescent-shaped lateral projection ( Deeleman-Reinhold and Deeleman 1988 ).