Bryozoa of Floridan Oculina reefs
Author
Judith L Winston
text
Zootaxa
2016
4071
1
1
81
journal article
10.11646/zootaxa.4071.1.1
8ffe5a88-06f7-44af-95aa-5fd49e0302c4
1175-5326
260490
D47C792F-E91D-40A6-ABB7-FA7810578562
Cupuladria biporosa
Canu & Bassler, 1923
(
Fig. 11
,
Table 10
)
Membranipora canariensis
: Smitt 1873: 10
, pl. 2, figs 69–71.
Cupuladria biporosa
Canu & Bassler, 1923: 29
, pl. 47, figs 1–2; Cook 1965: 203, pl. 1, figs 2A, B, 3A, B, 4A, B, 5, 6 A, B, text-fig. 1, g-j; Winston 2005: 13, figs 30, 37.
Cupuladria canariensis
: Canu & Bassler 1928a: 16
(part), text-fig. 2; Marcus & Marcus 1962: 285, pl. 1, figs 1–2; Lagaaij 1963b: 225 (part), pl. 26, figs 4, 5.
Cupuladria
sp. Cheetham & Sandberg 1964: 1021.
TABLE 10.
Measurements in mm of
Cupuladria biporosa
Canu & Bassler, 1923
.
|
Lz
|
Wz
|
Lop
|
Wop
|
Lav
|
Wav
|
| N |
18 |
18 |
18 |
18 |
18 |
18 |
| Mean |
0.538 |
0.313 |
0.315 |
0.190 |
0.220 |
0.133 |
| SD |
0.029 |
0.023 |
0.032 |
0.021 |
0.012 |
0.021 |
| Min |
0.450 |
0.288 |
0.252 |
0.162 |
0.198 |
0.090 |
| Max |
0.576 |
0.378 |
0.396 |
0.234 |
0.234 |
0.162 |
Material examined.
VMNH no. 70611, 70612; USNM no. 1283236.
Description.
Saucer-shaped colonies, free-living on surface of sandy substrata, up to
16 mm
diameter; many colonies broken through predation or physical disturbance; irregular fragments regenerating to repair missing areas and continuing to grow. Convex upper surface of the colony consisting of rows of radially arranged zooids (
Fig. 11
A–D). Autozooids rhomboidal, with frontal membrane underlain laterally and proximally by granular cryptocyst. At distal end of each zooid an interzooecial vibraculum with an ear-shaped chamber (
Fig. 11
C, D) and a mandible in the form of a long curved seta. Large vicarious vibracula, with scimitar-shaped setae occur in ancestrular region at apex of colony or in areas of regeneration. Lower surface of the colony consisting of extrazooidal calcification, which forms concentric rings, divided into small square sectors, each with 1-6, mostly 2- 4, round pores (
Fig. 11
E, F). No ooecia. Embryos brooded in zooids.
FIGURE 10.
Antropora minor
(Hincks, 1880)
:
A,
pluriserial much abraded colony;
B,
group of autozooids and closed zooids;
C,
another group of zooids, showing how frontal membrane becomes calcified by repeated episodes of grazing and regeneration;
D,
two autozooids and a kenozooid;
E,
a group of zooids with open to completely calcified frontal membranes;
F,
close-up of three zooids with various degrees of frontal-wall calcification. Scale bars: A, 1 mm; B, C, E, 0.5 mm; D, 0.2 mm; F, 0.3 mm.
FIGURE 11.
Cupuladria biporosa
Canu & Bassler, 1923
:
A,
frontal and basal views of colony fragments;
B,
growing edge of colony;
C,
autozooids and vibracula;
D,
close-up showing vibracular chambers;
E,
basal view of colony fragment, showing patterning of square sectors with round pores;
F,
close-up of several sectors with 4 pores. Scale bars: A, E, 1 mm; B, C, 0.5 mm; D, F, 0.3 mm.
Remarks.
Three cupuladriid species are common along the continental shelf from Cape Hatteras to Florida according to the study of Maturo (1968). The two smaller species,
Cupuladria doma
and
Discoporella depressa
, occur across the entire shelf, but
Cupuladria biporosa
was found only on the outer part of the shelf. Their occurrence in
Oculina
rubble may represent a death assemblage as no colonies found had been alive when collected, but sediment samples from the Florida shelf generally contain a large number of dead, relative to living, colonies of cupuladriids, so the species may well be part of the
Oculina
reef community.
Distribution.
Cape Hatteras to
Brazil
, Caribbean, Gulf of
Mexico
.