Earthworms newly from Mongolia (Oligochaeta, Lumbricidae, Eisenia) Author Blakemore, Robert J. National Institute of Biological Resources (NIBR), Incheon, 404 - 708, Korea rob.blakemore@gmail.com text ZooKeys 2013 2013-04-05 285 1 21 http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.285.4502 journal article http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.285.4502 1313-2970-285-1 FFCFFFB91706FF856810FFA7FFD2FFCE 578334 Eisenia nordenskioldi mongol ssp. n. Fig. 2 Tab. 1 Material examined. Holotype (H), NIBR IV0000261274 (dissected and figured, Fig. 2 , providing DNA - wo63); label details " 2012-7-22 Balji Riverside Coll. T-S Park " (possibly near Onon-Balji Conservation Area) at Dadal (ca. 49°1'2.16"N , 110°37'18.49"E ), Khentii Province NE of Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. Paratype P1, IV0000261275 (dissected, providing DNA - wo64) plus six other specimens (P2-7, four mature, two sub-matures, IV0000261276) all labeled " 2012-7-21 Dadal ". Etymology. Nominative singular noun in apposition, after natives of Mongolia. Description. Body substantial and only slightly trapezoid, posterior barely flattens. Pigment pinkish-grey dorsally in alcohol with ventrum and 9-11 paler laterally; clitellum buff. Lengths 80-110 mm (holotype H 60+50 = 110, paratype P1 80). Segments H 75+67 = 142, P1 131. Prostomium open epilobic (first thought tanylobic in H). Dorsal pores from 3/4 (minute), open from 4/5. Setae closely paired. Tumescences around setae ab on 7 & 11rhs plus 26lhs,27-32 (H); on 7 plus 27-33 (Ps); tumid and pale around lateral setae cd on 8-11 (H, P1). Clitellum saddle-shaped 26-33 (slightly encroaching onto 25 dorsally in some Ps). Tubercula pubertates faint, 29-31 lateral of setal b lines. Nephropores sporadically visible above b or d setal lines, e.g. above d in 9, 13, 14, 23-26, 34, 37, 38, 40, 41; or above b setal lines in some other segments in H. Spermathecal pores paired in 9/10/11 close to mid-D. Female pores in 14 lateral of b . Male pores small in 15 lateral of b just wider than female pores. Internally, septa 8/9-10/11 slightly thickened. Spermathecae spherical on thin tapering stalks in 9 & 10. Testis and funnels non-iridescent (atrophied?) in 10 & 11. Seminal vesicles paired in 9-12 (smaller in 10). Ovaries compact in 13. Ovisacs vestig ial anteriorly in 14. Hearts in 7-11. Nephridial bladders simple, sausage-shaped (in all segments inspected). Calciferous glands large and moniliform in 11 & 12. Crop in 15-16; muscular gizzard in 17-18 with septum 17/18 to midriff. Intestine proper from 19; slight typhlosole noticeably developing to inverted T-shaped from about 27,28. Gut contents mixed coarse organic material and some soil with mica flakes (i.e., a topsoil species). Apart from some loose gregarines, no parasites were observed in the coelom. Remarks. Lack of spermatozoal iridescence indicates parthenogenesis. Eisenia nordenskioldi mongol sub-sp. n. compares to the nominal subspecies and to Eisenia nordenskioldi polypapillata Perel' , 1969 differing from both due, at least, to its arrangement of setal tumescences. Kobayashi (1940 p. 282, 1941 p. 148) redescribed Eisenia nordenskioldi from Manchuria [=Northeast China] and northern Korea, while Zicsi (1972 p. 131) summarized Eisenia nordenskioldi from Pyongyang, North Korea. These taxa are compared in Table 1 . Additionally, the DNA barcodes in Appendix 1 help define new and old taxa. Table 1. Characters of Eisenia nordenskioldi sub-species after Kobayashi (1940) , Perel' (1969) , Zicsi (1972) and pers. obs (cf. other sub-species in Appendix 2).

-	Eisenia nordenskioldi mongol ssp. n.	Eisenia nordenskioldi polypapillata	Eisenia nordenskioldi nordenskioldi (*)
Length (mm)	80-110	55-80	25-45 (44-120*)
Segments	131-142	102-137	106-125 (101-176*)
Colour	Pink-grey	Pale	Dark puce to pale
Setae aa:ab ratio	Ca. 8-9:1	?	(7-8:1*)
Spermathecae	9/10/11 in mid-D	9/10/11 above d	9/10/11 mid-D
Papillae in ab	7(11), 25, 26-32	16-18, 21-23(24), 26 & 32-34	16, 22-34 (or 16, 22-34, 35 or just some*)
Paler tumid cd	8-11	Not noted	(10-12,13*)
Clitellum	1/225,26 -33	26,27-32	26,27-33
TP	29-31	1/228,29-1/231,31	29-31
Neph. bladders	Sausage-shaped	?	?
Typhlosole	Small T-shaped	?	?

*Features from Kobayashi's (1940 , 1941 ) descriptions compared to Zicsi's . Figure 2. A Eisenia nordenskioldi mongol ssp. n. Holotype anterio-ventral view, dorsal prostomium [plus enlargements with that of P1 boxed], posterior, plus actual setal ratios on 13; spermathecae and calciferous glands in situ , nephridia in 12 & 17 B Eisenia nordenskioldi polypapillata after Perel' (1969 : text-fig) for fair use comparison.