Morphological phylogeny and revision of Sycophila and Ficomila (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea, Eurytomidae) associated with Afrotropical fig trees (Moraceae, Ficus) Author Lotfalizadeh, Hossein Author Delvare, Gérard 0000-0002-6854-2813 CIRAD, UMR 1062 CBGP, Montferrier-sur-Lez, FRANCE https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6854 - 2813 Author Cruaud, Astrid 0000-0002-7927-819X Insects Taxonomy Research Department, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection (IRIPP), AREEO, Tehran, IRAN hlotfalizadeh @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 7927 - 819 X & Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations (CBGP), INRAE, CIRAD, IRD, Montpellier SupAgro, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, FRANCE https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 8932 - 4199 https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 8614 - 6665 * Corresponding author hlotfalizadeh@gmail.com Author Rasplus, Jean-Yves 0000-0002-7927-819X Insects Taxonomy Research Department, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection (IRIPP), AREEO, Tehran, IRAN hlotfalizadeh @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 7927 - 819 X & Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations (CBGP), INRAE, CIRAD, IRD, Montpellier SupAgro, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, FRANCE https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 8932 - 4199 https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 8614 - 6665 * Corresponding author & Insects Taxonomy Research Department, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection (IRIPP), AREEO, Tehran, IRAN hlotfalizadeh @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 7927 - 819 X hlotfalizadeh@gmail.com text Zootaxa 2024 2024-01-17 5401 1 1 190 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5360.3.8 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.5401.1.1 1175-5334 10524258 376CAB04-43BE-4C9A-950B-80DBD676CFB0 Sycophila ( Sycophila ) macrospermae Lotfalizadeh & Rasplus sp. n. ( Figs 74–76 ) Type material examined. Holotype ♀ : Guinea , Ziéla, ex syconia of Ficus macrosperma , 6.v.1993 , Rasplus J.-Y. leg. Deposited in CBGP . Paratypes : Guinea , same data as holotype , 6♀ & 2♂ . Cameroon , Nkolbisson, ex syconia of Ficus sansibarica ssp. macrosperma , 5.viii.1993 , Gibernau M. leg., 7♀ & 2♂ . Etymology. The specific name refers to the host fig species, Ficus sansibarica subsp. macrosperma , a subspecies that clearly deserve a specific status. Diagnosis. Female of this species looks like S. kestraneura but has the following diagnostic characters. Funiculars 2× as long as wide ( Fig. 74B ). Mesoscutum transversely strigose anteriorly and posteriorly umbilicate ( Fig. 75A ). Propodeum without median carina and with smooth median band, reaching close to nucha, with lateral rows of areolae reaching at most half-length of propodeum ( Fig. 75B ). Fore wing with pmv relatively short, shorter than mv ( Fig. 75F ). Petiole long as broad dorsally, ventral transverse carina between petiole and St1 present ( Fig. 75C ). Body of male mainly yellowish, with brown parts ( Fig. 76A ). Funiculars 2× as long as wide ( Fig. 76B ). Description of holotype ♀ ( Figs 74–75 ). Length 6.34 mm . Body yellowish ( Fig. 74A ), except ocellar area, propodeum medially, petiole and gaster dorsally dark and flagellum brown, pronotum yellowish and slightly black dorsomedially; fore wing with a dark brown spot below mv, reaching base of mv, lower margin of mv not obscured by dark brown spot ( Fig. 75E ); gaster bicoloured with dorsal edge dark brown, posterior margin of tergites brownish laterally ( Fig. 75C ); body setation whitish, setation of fore wing entirely dark. Head 1.48× as broad as high [HW 170 & HH 115] ( Fig. 74C ); in dorsal view transverse, 2× as broad as long [HW 270 & HL 135] ( Fig. 74D ); face and vertex mostly coriaceous; malar space 0.54× length of eye [ms 45 & EH 83]; malar sulcus distinct, straight ( Fig. 74E ); genal margin regularly curved, edged but not carinate; antennal toruli narrowly separated, interantennal space not raised, not carinate laterally; scrobal depression smooth, reaching the median ocellus, carinate on margin (at least dorsally); POL 1.9× as long as OOL [POL 42 & OOL 22]; temple rounded, 0.4× the eye length (in dorsal view) [TL 25 & EL 100]; setation oriented downwards on face, outwards on the punctuate frons. Antenna . Scape reaching above the lower margin of median ocellus, 3.4× as long as broad, [SL 85 & SW 25]; fu1 2.27× as long as broad [fu1L 50 & fu1W 22], distinctly longer than pedicel, not bulging dorsally; funiculars (fu2–fu4) with three rows of mps and 3 whorls of adpressed short setae; fu2–fu5 distinctly longer than broad ( Fig. 74A ). FIGURE 74. S. ( Sycophila ) macrospermae sp. n. (♀). A , female in lateral view. B , antenna. C , head in frontal view. D , head in dorsal view. E , head in lateral view. F , mesosoma in lateral view. Mesosoma weakly arched dorsally, 1.65× as long as wide (175:105) ( Fig. 75A ), with obliterate punctures; pronotum with coarse umbilicate punctures; mesepisternum raised medially, with piliferous sculpture on epicnemium, being closer to anteroventral margin of mesepisternum than to mesocoxa; mesoscutum 0.65× as long as wide (70:105), 0.8× longer than length of pronotal collar (70:90), transversely strigose in anterior half, with dense umbilicate punctures in posterior half; notauli conspicuous, slightly obliterated by mesoscutum sculpture; prepectus bare, slightly sculptured; mesoscutellum umbilicate laterally and coriaceous sculpture on mesoscutellar disc; mesepimeron transversally strigose; metepimeron subtriangular and areolate with long white hairs; propodeum ( Fig. 75B ) with deep median depression, with a smooth median band, with two short submedian carinae; lateral rows of areolae short (extending at most to half-length of propodeum); basal carina inverted V, truncate mesally, lateral branches of propodeal basal carina slightly convex; distance between lateral carinae less than 0.5× width of nucha. Fore wing with short marginal fringe, apically subtruncate (pointed anteriorly); dark brown spot below mv; basal cell bare or nearly so; mv distinctly enlarged, rounded, lower margin convex, not longer than pmv; stv not curved; pmv distinct, longer than stv; ventral side of costal cell densely setose, dorsally with row of setae; speculum present; parastigmal bristles absent ( Figs 75E, F ). FIGURE 75. S. ( Sycophila ) macrospermae sp. n. (♀). A , mesosoma in dorsal view. B , propodeum. C , metasoma in lateral view D , metasoma in dorsal view. E , fore wing. F , fore wing venation. Legs . Fore coxa without depression on frontal surface, hind coxa bare basodorsally; fore (25:12) and hind femora (35:13); hind tibia dorsally with more than 10 setae, setae shorter than hind tibia width. Metasoma. Petiole shorter than broad dorsally, ventral transverse carina between petiole and St1 present. Metasoma 1.7× as long as wide (175:105) ( Fig. 75C ), longer than mesosoma, strongly compressed laterally and dorsally angulate ( Fig. 75D ); ventral transverse carina between petiole and St1 present; petiole in dorsal view not longer than wide, shorter than half length of hind coxa; tergites smooth; Gt4 (in lateral view) much as long as Gt3 (at least 1.5× longer); not sinuous posteriorly; Gt5 partly covering Gt6, sinuous posteriorly; Gt5 with few setae dorsally, Gt6 sparsely setose ventrally; ovipositor oriented dorsad but not distinctly upturned ( Fig. 75C ). Male ( Fig. 76 ). Length 1.88–2.51 mm . Similar to female with longer petiole ( Fig. 76A ); gaster with a dorsal dark brown spot; antennal formula 11143, with much longer segments, at least 2× as long as broad; each funicular with 2 rows of mps and several whorls of relatively short erected setae ( Fig. 76B ); fore wing more setose than in female, speculum relatively narrow, costal cell with two rows of setae dorsally and dense setae ventrally ( Fig. 76D ). FIGURE 76. S. ( Sycophila ) macrospermae sp. n. (♂). A , male in lateral view. B , antenna. C , propodeum. D , fore wing. Variation. Length 4.09–6.35 mm . In darker specimens head dorsally and laterally with dark brown spots; pronotum, mesoscutum, metapleuron and propodeum mostly brownish dark; dorsal dark band also extending laterally on tergites. Host plant. Ficus macrosperma and F. sansibarica subsp. macrosperma . Geographical distribution. Cameroon and Guinea .