Revision and new species of the African genus Mischogyne (Annonaceae)
Author
Gosline, George
Author
Marshall, Andrew R.
Author
Larridon, Isabel
text
Kew Bulletin
2019
2019-06-30
74
28
1
23
journal article
10.1007/S12225-019-9804-7
1ed5ac34-1b70-4189-a175-7526621e1705
0075-5974
3345047
2.
Mischogyne elliotiana (
Engl. & Diels
)
Le Thomas
(1969: 285)
;
Hawthorne & Jongkind (2006)
.
Uoariastrum elliotianum
(Engl. & Diels) Sprague & Hutch. (
Sprague & Hutchinson 1916: 159
)
, (
Keay 1952
), (
Keay
et al.
1952
); (
Hutchinson
et al.
1958
);
(
Aubréville 1959
); (Keay
et al.
1964).
Uoaria elliotiana
Engl. & Diels in
Engler (1901: 28)
. Type:
Sierra Leone
, Talla Hills, Duunia, Mount Gonkwi, 1892,
Scott-Elliot
4855 (
lectotype
, designated by
Turner (2013)
: K! [K000198794], isolectotype B* [B 10 0153004]).
Uoariopsis cheoalieri
Robyns & Ghesq. (
Robyns &
Ghesquiere 1933).
Type
:
Nigeria
,
Lokomedji
(
Lagos
) [
Olokemeji
],
July 1905
,
Cheoalier
14069
(
holotype
P
* [
P01960205
]).
Shrub or small tree
up to 4 – 7 (– 10) m tall with slender arching habit, trunk cylindrical, up to
12 cm
in diam.; old branches glabrous; young branches glabrous to sparsely pubescent rapidly glabrescent, hairs
0.1 – 0.3 mm
long, appressed, brown.
Bark
blackish-green, finely rugose, pustulate; slash yellowish-white, fibrous, strongly scented, “smells like green tomatoes” (
Nimba
Botanic Team
974).
Petioles
3 – 6 mm
long,
1 – 2 mm
in diam., with sparse to dense indumentum of hairs
0.2 – 0.8 m
long.
Leaf
lamina obovate to narrowly elliptic,
8 – 25 cm
long,
2.5 – 12 cm
wide, length:width ratio 2 – 3, apex acute to attenuate to acuminate, base rounded to acuminate to attenuate, chartaceous to coriaceous, glabrous or with white hairs below on younger leaves (
var.
sericea
), glossy green above when fresh, drying matte, brown to olive, concolorous or lighter below; midrib glabescent above and below to densely pubescent (
var.
sericea
); secondary veins 7 – 12, secondary nerves ascending at 30° – 45° angle to midrib to 25 – 30% of the leaf length before anastomosing.
Floaeers
1 (– 2?). Flower buds ovoid,
0.8 – 1.5 cm
long,
0.5 – 1 cm
in diam., apex obtuse. (
Fig. 2A
). No bracts seen. Flowering pedicel
1 – 1.5 cm
long,
0.5 – 1 mm
in diam., pubescent, hairs
0.1 – 0.3 mm
long, appressed, light brown.
Sepals
oblong lanceolate,
0.9 – 1.6 cm
long,
0.5 – 0.7 cm
wide, length:width ratio 2 – 3, apex acute, base rounded, densely pubescent outside, same as on pedicel, tomentose inside; light green when fresh, light brown in herbarium material.
Petals
narrowly ovate,
1.5 – 2 cm
long,
0.5 cm
wide, length:width ratio 3 – 3.5, apex acute, base truncate, reflexed at anthesis, outer surface densely pubescent, hairs
0.2 – 0.5 mm
long, appressed, light brown, inner surface tomentose becoming glabrous, white when fresh, dark brown in herbarium material.
Torus
columnar,
0.8 – 3 mm
. long,
1 – 1.5 mm
diam., densely pubescent.
Stamens
20 – 40,
1.2 – 2 mm
long,
0.5 – 0.8 mm
wide; filament rudimentary, connective visible as a line of hairs between thecae with extension absent or less than
0.1 mm
long, terminating in a tuft of hairs
0.1 – 0.2 mm
long.
Carpels
ellipsoid, 6 – 12,
4.5 – 5 mm
long,
1.5 – 2 mm
in diam., densely pubescent, hairs
0.8 – 1 mm
long, stiff, semi-erect appressed upwards, stigma on a short style
0.4 – 0.9 mm
long,
0.1 mm
in diam., stigma bilobed,
0.6 – 1 mm
long and wide, glabrous, yellow drying black. Ovules c.
20 in
two series.
Fruits
with a single mature monocarp in specimens seen. Monocarp
4 – 10 cm
long,
1.5 – 6 cm
in diam., ovoid or slightly constricted around seeds, dense indumentum of erect brown to white hairs
0.08 – 0.1 mm
long, greenish-yellow to yellow; stipe
1.5 cm
long
0.5 cm
diam.
DISTRIBUTION
.
Guinea-Bissau
to
Nigeria
(
Map 1
).
HABITAT
. Riverine in wet evergreen forests and gallery forests, especially coastal forests (
Ivory Coast
). In secondary forest in
Guinea
.
CONSERVATION STATUS
.
IUCN
assessed as LC (
Rokni 2016
).
PHENOLOGY
. Flowering in February – May, November. Fruiting April – November.
ETYMOLOGY
. Named for the collector Prof. George Francis Scott Elliot from Kew who collected the
type
while attached to the
Sierra Leone
Boundary Commission expedition in 1892.
VERNACULAR
NAME
. None recorded.
USES
.
var.
sericea
: “The old leaves lose their hairs and become hard, and are used for cleaning caps and other cloth articles.” (
Deighton
510).
NOTES
. This species is widespread in West Africa where precipitation exceeds
1000 mm
pa. It grows in a variety of forest habitats.
Keay (1952)
described three varieties. We have been unable to find any consistent difference between his
var.
glabrum
and the nominate variety. The two remaining varieties are described below.
Key to varieties of
Mischogyne elliotiana
Young leaf blades glabrous, secondary nerves 6 – 9; acumen 5 – 15% length of leaf.........
M. elliotiana
var.
elliotiana
Young leaf blades with sparse indumentum of sericeous white hairs below, secondary nerves 9 – 12, acumen 20 – 25% length of leaf....................................................
M. elliotiana
var.
sericea