Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species Author De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M. 06C42876-2925-4007-A19D-053BD0058F25 Laboratório de Coleções Zoológicas, Instituto Butantan - Av. Vital Brazil, 1500, 05503 - 900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. & Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, 321, 05508 - 090, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. luiz.moura.lfm@gmail.com Author Brescovit, Antonio Domingos D5B81D79-AFAE-47B1-8A6E-DAB448A24BCC Laboratório de Coleções Zoológicas, Instituto Butantan - Av. Vital Brazil, 1500, 05503 - 900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. antonio.brescovit@butantan.gov.br text European Journal of Taxonomy 2021 2021-03-31 742 1 77 http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291 journal article 7531 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291 62f9dc57-bade-4fbc-8af7-f92ff107593c 2118-9773 4655404 23424EC3-8440-4C72-AD9E-C1EC3087F7CA Tafana huatanay sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: DE788AB4-AF1A-4605-8F07-9403EFF8DADD Figs 19–20 , 33A , 34 Diagnosis Males of Tafana huatanay sp. nov. resemble those of T. riveti , T. humahuaca sp. nov. and T. nevada sp. nov. by having the short embolus, but differ by having the base of the embolus wide ( Figs 19C , 20A–C ). Females resemble those of T. riveti , T. humahuaca sp. nov. and T. nevada sp. nov. by having the epigynal plate with curved lateral lobes in anterior region, but differ by having the copulatory ducts medially flattened and secondary spermathecae on the sides of the primary spermathecae in dorsal view ( Figs 19F–G , 33A ). Etymology The specific name, a noun in apposition, is a tribute to the ‘Sacred Valley of the Incas’ called Huatanay. Material examined Holotype PERU • 1 ♂ ; Cusco , Parque Wiñay Wuyna ; [ 13°30′30″ S , 71°58′18″ W ]; 10 Feb. 1990 ; D. Silva leg.; MUSM . Paratype PERU • 1 ♀ ; Paucartambo , Pilcopata , National Park Del Manu Carretera ; [ 12°08′00″ S , 71°40′00″ W ]; 2700 m a.s.l. ; 19 Feb. 1990 ; D. Silva leg.; MUSM . Other material BOLIVIA – La Paz • 2 ♀♀ ; Sainami , Valley of the Zongo ; [ 16°29′39″ S ; 68°08′51″ W ]; 4 Aug. 1993 ; A.D. Brescovit leg.; IBSP 258182 . COLOMBIA – Neiva • 1 ♀ ; Huila , Finca Meremberg , 10 km E of Santa Leticia ; [ 2°59′55″ N , 75°18′16″ W ]; Mar. 1979 ; W. Eberhard leg.; MCZ . ECUADOR – Quito • 3 ♂♂ , 1 ♀ ; Golf Club ; [ 0°15′00″ S , 78°35′00″ W ]; 21 Jul. 1958 ; A.M. Nadler leg.; AMNH . PERU – Cusco • 3 ♀♀ ; Carretera to Manu National Park , Paucartambo , Pilcopata ; [ 12°08′00″ S , 71°40′00″ W ]; 17–19 Feb. 1990 ; D. Silva leg.; MUSM • 1 ♂ ; same collection data as for preceding but 18 Feb. 1990 ; MUSM • 1 ♂ ; Calca , Hacienda Urco ; [ 13°19′09″ S , 71°57′1700″ W ]; 15 Oct. 1939 ; K.P. Schmidt leg.; FMNH . Description Male ( holotype , MUSM) COLOR. Carapace orange ( Fig. 19A ). Labium, sternum and endites yellow. Chelicerae reddish. Legs I–IV yellow, darker at tarsi. Abdomen gray with dark spots ( Fig. 19A ). MEASUREMENTS. Total length 5.6, carapace length 2.7, width 2.1. Clypeus height 0.06. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.06, ALE 0.1, PME 0.12, PLE 0.1; AME–AME 0.06, AME–ALE 0.06, PME– PME 0.14, PME–PLE 0.14, ALE–PLE 0.04. Chelicerae 1.7 long, with four promarginal teeth and four retromarginal denticles. LEG MEASUREMENTS. I—femur 2.2 /patella 0.9/ tibia 2.1/ metatarsus 1.8/ tarsus 1.0 /total 8.0; II— 2.0/ 1.0/ 1.9 /1.7 / 0.9/ 7.5; III—1.8 / 0.9/ 1.3/ 1.5/ 0.5/ 6.0; IV—2.5/ 1.1/ 2.15 / 2.7/ 0.7/ 9.15. LEG SPINATION. I—tibia v2-2-2, metatarsus v2-0-0; II—tibia v1-2-2, p0-1-0; III—tibia v1-2-2, p0-1-1, r0-1-1; IV—tibia p1-1-1. PALP. Retrolateral tibial apophysis short and curved; cymbium with retrolateral projection; apophysis at the base of the embolus short and furrowed; embolus short; ventral tegular process near the median apophysis; sperm duct with secondary looping reaching the apex of the tegulum ( Figs 19C–E , 20A–C ). ABDOMEN. Length 2.8, epigastric furrow 0.7 from tracheal spiracle, spiracle 1.0 from base of spinnerets. Female ( paratype , MUSM) COLOR. Coloration as in males of this species, except for reddish carapace and chelicerae reddish brown ( Fig. 19B ). MEASUREMENTS. Total length 6.0, carapace length 2.1, width 1.7. Clypeus height 0.06. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.06, ALE 0.1, PME 0.1, PLE 0.1; AME–AME 0.04, AME–ALE 0.04, PME– PME 0.12, PME–PLE 0.12, ALE–PLE 0.04. Chelicerae 1.1 long, with four promarginal teeth and three retromarginal denticles. LEG MEASUREMENTS. I—femur 1.5 / patella 0.63 / tibia 1.3 /metatarsus 1.1 /tarsus 0.6/ total 5.13; II— 1.42 / 0.5/ 1.1/ 1.1/ 0.6 /4.72; III—1.2/ 0.6/ 0.8 /1.1 /0.4 / 4.1; IV—1.6 / 0.6 /1.3 / 1.4/ 0.6/ 5.5. LEG SPINATION. I—tibia v2-2-0, metatarsus v2-0-0; II—tibia v2-2-0; III—tibia v1-2-2, p0-1-1, r0-1-1, metatarsus v2-1-2; IV—tibia p0-1-1, r0-1-1. EPIGYNUM. Hood semircular, with sclerotized lateral lobes; atrium narrow and elongated; epigynal plate covered by cuticle in the posterior region; lateral lobes extremely curved in anterior region. Internally, copulatory ducts sinuous and flattened; primary spermathecae large and oval; secondary spermathecae lateral to the primary spermathecae, rounded, and fertilization ducts long ( Figs 19F–G , 20E , 33A ). ABDOMEN. Length 3.8, epigastric furrow 0.8 from tracheal spiracle, spiracle 1.7 from base of spinnerets. Fig. 19. Tafana huatanay sp. nov. (A, C–E= holotype, ♂, MUSM B, F–G=paratype, ♀, MUSM). A . Habitus, dorsal view. B . Habitus, dorsal view. C . Left palp, ventral view (arrow indicating the base of the embolus). D . Left palp, retrolateral view. E . Left palp, dorsal view. F . Epigynum, ventral view. G . Vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations: A = atrium; ABE= apophysis of base of the embolus; CD =copulatory ducts; CO =copulatory opening; E =embolus; FD =fertilization ducts; H =hood; LL= lateral lobes; MA =median apophysis; RTA=retrolateral tibial apophysis; S1=primary spermathecae; S2 = secondary spermathecae; T =tegulum. Scale bars: A–B=2.16 mm; C–G= 0.25 mm. Variation Five males: total length 4.4–7.9; carapace 2.0–3.3; femur I 1.9–2.6. Six females: total length 4.3–5.3; carapace 1.8–2.0; femur I 1.3–1.5. Distribution Colombia , Ecuador , Peru and Bolivia ( Fig. 34 ).