The Lower Pliocene marine gastropods of Santa Maria Island, Azores: Taxonomy and palaeobiogeographic implications Author Sacchetti, Claudia 0000-0002-3225-3139 claudiasacc@icloud.com Author Landau, Bernard 0000-0002-7768-8494 bernardmlandau@gmail.com Author Ávila, Sérgio P. 0000-0002-3225-3139 claudiasacc@icloud.com text Zootaxa 2023 2023-05-24 5295 1 1 150 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5295.1.1 journal article 53396 10.11646/zootaxa.5295.1.1 82286fdc-a858-447c-9980-da2e8985d19c 1175-5326 7965273 F3A52660-70B8-439F-A7A0-F45ADC975EA5 Thylacodes arenarius ( Linnaeus, 1758 ) Plate 2 L * Serpula arenaria Linnaeus 1758: 1266 . Serpula Dentifera ? Lamk.— Millet 1854: 153 [ non Thylacodes dentiferus ( Lamarck, 1818 ) ]. Vermetus arenarius Linn. —Ĥrnes 1856: 483, pl. 46, fig. 15. Serpulorbis arenraius [ sic ] Linné— Mayer 1864: 55 . Vermetus arenarius Linné — Fontannes 1879: 200 , pl. 11, fig. 5. Lemintina arenaria (L.) — Sacco 1896b , p. 10 , pl. 1, figs. 21-28. Vermetus ( Lemintina ) arenarius L. sp.— Cerulli-Irelli 1912: 157 , pl. 24, figs. 11-19. Vermetus arenarius Lam. —Friedberg 1914: 325, text-fig. 69, pl. 19, fig. 13. Vermetus ( Lemintina ) arenarius Linné —Cossmann & Peyrot 1924: 81, pl. 3, figs. 1-2, 12, 15, 18-20. Vermetus ( Serpulorbis ) arenarius Linné sp.— Glibert 1949: 126 , pl. 8, fig. 1. Vermetus ( Serpulorbis ) arenarius Linné sp.— Glibert 1952b: 30 , pl. 2, fig. 15. Vermetus ( Lemintina ) arenarius taurogranosa Sacco — Csepreghy-Meznerics 1954: 18 , pl. 1, figs. 26, 30. Vermetus ( Serpulorbis ) arenarius Linnaeus, 1776 [ sic ]— Moisescu 1955: 131 , pl. 11, fig. 13. Vermetus ( Lemintina ) arenarius Linné — Zbyszewski 1959: 93 . Vermetus ( Lemintina ) arenarius var. turonensis Deshayes —Erünal-Erentöz 1958: 19, pl. 2, figs. 10, 11. Vermetus ( Serpulorbis ) arenarius (Linnaeus 1766) —Kojumdgieva in Kojumdgieva & Strachimirov 1960: 117 , pl. 33, figs. 1- 2. Lemintina arenaria Linné, 1766 [ sic ]— Brébion 1964: 211 . Vermetus arenarius Linné, 1766 — Strausz 1966: 120 , pl. 77, fig. 22. Lemintina arenaria perpustulata Sacco — Stancu & Andreescu 1968: 462 , pl. 3, fig. 29. Vermetus arenarius ( Linné, 1766 ) — Zelinskaya et al . 1968: 172 , pl. 41, fig. 9. Vermetus ( Serpulorbis ) arenaria (Linné) — Atanackovicì 1969: 199 , pl. 9, figs. 11, 12. Lemintina ( Lemintina ) arenaria (Linneo) — Caprotti 1970: 144 , pl. 1, fig. 8. Vermetus ( Serpulorbis ) arenarius Linné — Eremija 1971: 36 , pl. 10, fig. 3. Serpulorbis ( Serpulorbis ) arenarius (Linné, 1758) — Malatesta 1974: 203 , pl. 14, fig. 10. Vermetus ( Lemintina ) arenarius (Linné) — Fekih 1975: 89 , pl. 28, fig. 14. Lemintina arenaria (Linnaeus 1766) — Bałuk 1975: 122 , pl. 14, figs. 12-15. Serpulorbis arenarius (Linné, 1758) — Janssen 1984: 151 , pl. 7, fig. 1, pl. 48, fig. 11. Serpulorbis ( Serpulorbis ) arenaria ( Linnaéus, 1758 ) — Barash & Zenziper 1985: 172 , fig. 17. Lemintina arenaria (Linne, 1758) —González Delgado 1986: 96, pl. 3, fig. 7. Lemintina arenaria (Linné, 1767) — Cuerda Barceló 1987: 223 , pl. 17, fig. 22. Serpulorbis arenaria (L., 1758)— Cavallo & Repetto 1992: 64 , fig. 114. Serpulorbis arenaria (Linné, 1758) — Giannuzzi-Savelli et al . 1997: 152 , figs. 640-642. Serpulorbis arenaria (Linné, 1758) — Solsona 1998: 136 , pl. 6, figs. 7-9. Lemintina arenaria (Linné) — Schultz 1998: 58 , pl. 22, figs. 6, 7. Serpulorbis arenaria ( Linnaeus, 1758 ) — Silva 2001: 228 , pl. 9, figs. 15-16. Vermetus cf. arenarius (Linné, 1767) — Lozouet et al . 2001: 30 , pl. 7, fig. 7. Serpulorbis arenaria ( Linnaeus, 1758 ) — Landau et al . 2004a: 28 , pl. 3, fig. 17. Serpulorbis arenaria ( Linnaeus, 1758 ) — Landau et al . 2011: 13 , pl. 4, fig. 2. Tylacodes [ sic ] arenarius ( Linnaeus, 1758 ) — Landau et al . 2013: 65 , pl. 5, fig. 16. Thylacodes arenarius ( Linnaeus, 1758 ) — Van Dingenen et al . 2016: 156 , pl. 13, fig. 8. Thylacodes arenarius ( Linnaeus, 1758 ) — Landau et al. 2018: 247 , pl. 74, fig. 2. Serpulorbis arenaria ( Linnaeus, 1767 ) — Brunetti & Cresti 2018: 52 , fig. 146. Thylacodes arenarius ( Linnaeus, 1758 ) — Brunetti 2022 , p. 30 , fig. 20. Santa Maria material examined. Maximum height 33.0 mm, width 24.0 mm. DBUA-F 869-1 (1), Ponta dos Cedros, Santa Maria, Azores , Touril Complex, Lower Pliocene. Description. Shell large, solid, vermiform, irregularly coiled, circular in cross-section. Protoconch not preserved. Azorean specimen solitary (can be several cemented together attached to a substrate, stones or more commonly other shells). Early teleoconch whorls not preserved. Intermediate whorls irregularly and loosely coiled, with frequent changes in direction, marked by opisthocyrt scars, representing the position of previous apertures. Sculpture consists of fine, close-set, granular cords of alternate strength (worn in Azorean specimen). The last whorl straight, hardly coiled, sculpture strengthening toward aperture. Aperture circular, holostomous. Discussion. Thylacodes arenarius ( Linnaeus, 1758 ) is widely distributed geographically and stratigraphically. For discussion, see Landau et al . (2013: 67) . Distribution. Lower Miocene: Proto-Mediterranean (Burdigalian), Colli Torinesi, Italy ( Sacco 1896b ). Lower-middle Miocene: North Sea Basin (late Burdigalian-Langhian), Belgium ( Glibert 1952b ), Netherlands ( Janssen 1984 ). Middle Miocene: Atlantic (Aquitanian-Serravallian), Aquitaine Basin, (Cossmann & Peyrot 1924), (Langhian): Loire Basin, France ( Glibert 1949 ); Paratethys (Langhian-Serravallian), Poland (Friedberg 1914, 1938; Bałuk 1975 ), Vienna Basin, Austria (Hörnes 1856; Schultz 1998 ), Bulgaria ( Kojumdgieva & Strachimirov 1960 ), Hungary ( Csepreghy-Meznerics 1954 ; Strausz 1966 ), Romania ( Moisescu 1955 ; Stancu & Andreescu 1968 ), Bosnia ( Atanackovicì 1969 ; Eremija 1971 ), Ukraine ( Zelinskaya et al . 1968 ); Proto-Mediterranean (Serravallian), Karaman Basin, Turkey ( Landau et al . 2013 ). Upper Miocene: Atlantic (Tortonian and Messinian): NW France ( Brébion 1964 ; Landau et al . 2018 ); Proto-Mediterranean (Tortonian): Po Basin, Italy ( Sacco 1896b ). Lower Pliocene: Atlantic, Santa Maria Island, Azores ( Mayer 1864 ), NW France ( Brébion 1964 ; Van Dingenen et al . 2016 ), Guadalquivir Basin, Spain ( González-Delgado 1986 ; Landau et al . 2011 ; Brunetti 2022 ), Morocco ( Lecointre 1952 ); western Mediterranean, Estepona Basin, Spain ( Landau et al . 2004a ), NE Spain , ( Solsona 1998 ), Roussillon Basin, France ( Fontannes 1879 ); central Mediterranean, Italy ( Sacco 1896b ; Palla 1967 ; Caprotti 1974 ; Anfossi et al . 1983 ; Brunetti & Cresti 2018 ); Tunisia ( Fekih 1975 ). Upper Pliocene: Atlantic, Mondego Basin, Portugal ( Zbyszewski 1959 ; Silva 2001 ); central Mediterranean, Italy ( Malatesta 1974 ; Cavallo & Repetto 1992 ). Upper Pliocene-Pleistocene: NW France ( Brébion, 1964 ). Pleistocene: western Mediterranean, Balearic Islands ( Cuerda Barceló 1987 ); central Mediterranean, Italy ( Cerulli-Irelli 1912 ). Present-day: Atlantic, Iberian Peninsula, Morocco , archipelagos of Madeira, Selvagens and Cabo Verde and Mediterranean ( Poppe & Goto 1991 ).