Three new species of semi-aquatic freshwater earthworms of the genus Glyphidrilus Horst, 1889 from Malaysia (Clitellata: Oligochaeta: Almidae) Author Chanabun, Ratmanee Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand Biological Science Program, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand School of Biological Science, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Pulau Penang, Malaysia Author Sutcharit, Chirasak Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand Biological Science Program, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand School of Biological Science, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Pulau Penang, Malaysia Author Tongkerd, Piyoros Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand Biological Science Program, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand School of Biological Science, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Pulau Penang, Malaysia Author Tan, Shau-Hwai Aileen Author Panha, Somsak Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand Biological Science Program, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand School of Biological Science, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Pulau Penang, Malaysia text Zootaxa 2012 2012-09-07 3458 120 132 journal article 1175-5326 873AF344-9A5F-4D3E-B944-0397273CA02B Glyphidrilus bisegmentus Chanabun & Panha , sp. n. ( Figs 1 , 2A , 3 , Table 1 ) Type material. Holotype : One clitellate ( CUMZ 3276 ) ( Fig. 3 ), Air Banun Pandig, Perak , Malaysia , 496 meters in elevation, S. Panha , R. Chanabun , P. Tongkerd and C. Sutcharit leg., 27 May 2011 . 17 clitellates and 8 aclitellates as paratypes ( CUMZ 3277 ), 3 clitellates ( ZMH OL14575 ), 3 clitellates (NHM), same collection data as for holotype. Other material. 22 clitellates and 4 aclitellates ( CUMZ 3278 ), muddy swamp near Kratu waterfall, Kratu , Phuket , Thailand , 07°55'55.5''N , 098°19'23.3"E ., 11 m asl , 11 December 2009 . Type locality. River banks of Air Banun Pandig , Perak , Malaysia , 05°38'13.4''N , 101°42'41.1"E , 496 m asl . Etymology. This new species was named after the character of having wings only on two segments at 18–19. Diagnosis. Small sized limicolous earthworm with distinct expanded tissues of clitellar wing organs on the lateral sides of the body in 18–19. Clitellum in 16, 17–23, 24. Female pores, male pores and spermathecal pores not visible. Genital markings absent. Four pairs of seminal vesicles in 9–12, with the pair in segment 12 largest. Intestinal origin in 15. Ovaries in 13–14. Prostates, accessory glands, and spermathecae absent. TABLE 1. A comparison of characters among Glyphidrilus new species and species described from Malay Peninsula.

Species	Length	Segments	Clitellum	Wings	Genital mark-	Genital	Hearts	Intest-	Giz-	Sper-	Type locality
(mm)	ings paired on	markings	inal	zard	mathe-
bc	unpaired	origin	cae
on aa
G. bisegmentus sp.	40–71	152–252	16, 17–23,	18–19	absent	absent	9–11	15	8–9	absent	Air Banun Pan-
n.	24	dig, Perak,
(n=40)	Malaysia
G. gatesi Shen &	34–115	42–262	½17, 17,	18, ½19,	14, 15, 16–18,	13, 14–19,	9–11	18	8	15–17	Johor, Malaysia
Yeo, 2005 1	18–25, ½26,	19–½24,	24–26	24, 25–26,
(n=10)	26	24	27
G. horsti Stephen-	30–53.3	125–232	17, 18, ½18,	½23,	18, 19, 22, 23,	16, 17,	8–11	15 or	8	14–17	Pulau Berhala,
son, 1930 2	19–28, 29,	23–27, 28	27, 29	18–20, 22,	16	Straits of Mal-
30, ½31	27, 28	acca
G. jacobsoni	160	274	18–30	21–26	13, 14, 15,	13, 14	8–11	15	7	12/	Sumatra
Michaelsen, 1922 1	18–20, 27–29	13–16/
(n=1)	17
G. kotatinggi sp. n.	151+–195+	221+–415	17, 18–28,	20,	11–15, 17, 18,	17, 19	9–11	14	8–9	13/	Kota Tinggi
(n=4)	29, 30	21–¼26,	19, 20, 26–27	14–16/	waterfall, Johor,
26	17	Malaysia
G. kukenthali	75–90	153–200	½13–34	18, ½18,	16, 17, 18–25,	10–15, 25,	7–11	15 or	8	14–18	Borneo
Michaelsen, 1896 3	19–24,	26, 27, 28, 31	32	16
½24
G. malayanus	85–90	236–356	15–25, 26	17, ¾18,	13–15, 16, 17,	12–16,	9–11	16	8	14/	Malay Peninsula
Michaelsen, 1902 1	18–¼21,	22, 23	22–25	15–16/
(n=1)	¼22, 22	17
G. peninsularis sp.	49–94	206–281	17, 18–31,	22,	13, 14, 15, 16,	17, 18, 19,	8–11	14	7–8	14/	Sungei Ban-
n.	32	23–28,	17, 20, 21, 22,	20, 21, 31,	15–17/	tang, Johor,
(n=117)	½29, 29	29, 30	32	18	Malaysia
G. quadrangulus	50	200	?	19, 20–25	absent	absent	?	?	8	13/14,	Sumatra
( Horst, 1892 )3	14/
15–15/
16, 16/17
G. singaporensis Shen &
Yeo, 2005 1
Holotype	142	220	18–27	21–25	20, 26	18–20,	9–11	15	8	14–17	Bukit Timah,
27–29	Singapore
Paratypes (n=2)	112–113	163–220	18, 19–27,	21–25	18–20, 21,	17–20,	*	*	*	*
½28	26–27	27–30
Topotypes (n=10)	104–120	181–226	18,19–29, 31	21–25, 26	12–15,20–22,	17, 18–25,	*	*	*	*
26–28	27, 28, 29,
30
G. vangviengensis	104–160	145–229	19, 20–35,	24,	18, 19, 20,	12–14, 15	7–11	16	8	absent	Song River at
Panha &	36, 37	25–31, 32	21–24, 33, 34	Veintiane, Laos
Chanabun, 2011 1
(n=11)
G.weberi Horst ,	82	283	16–32	23–½32	16–19, 20, 22	absent	8–11	15	½7–	13/	Java, Sumatra,
1892 4	½8	14–17/	Celebes, Flores
(n=3)	18

“*” Data same as the holotype “?” Not shown in original description “1” Type specimens examined and data from original description “2” Data only from original description and Shen & Yeo (2005) “3” Data only from original description “4” Type specimen examined Description of holotype . Dimensions: body length 71 mm , diameter 2.3 mm in segment 8, 2.4 mm before clitellar wings in segment 17, 2.0 mm after wings in segment 20 within the clitellum; body cylindrical in anterior part, quadrangular in transverse section behind clitellum. 217 segments. Body colour pale brown with variations from red to pink at adjacent tissues of wing portion in different individuals of newly collected specimens after placement in 30% ethanol for narcotization. At posterior end dorsal surface considerably broader than ventral. Stout wings like lateral ridges in bc extending through segments 18–19 in clitellar region. Prostomium zygolobous. Dorsal pores absent. Clitellum annular in 17–24. Four pairs of setae per segment from 2, setal formula aa:ab:bc:cd:dd = 1.0:0.5:1.1:0.5:1.2 in segment 8. Female pores, male pores and spermathecal pores not visible. Genital markings absent. Septa 4/5–7/8 thicker, 8/9–11/12 thick, from 12/13 to last segment thin. Gizzard small, globular within 8–9. Intestine enlarged from 15. Dorsal blood vessel anterior to 9. Hearts from 9–11. No nephridia distinguishable in first 14 segments. Four pairs of seminal vesicles in 9–12, pair in segment 12 larger than the others but pair in segments 10 and 11 very small. Ovaries in 13–14. Prostate and accessory glands, and spermathecae absent. FIGURE 1. Map of Malaysia and some parts of Thailand showing distribution of three new species of the Glyphidrilus . Triangle: Glyphidrilus bisegmentus sp. n. Square: Glyphidrilus kotatinggi sp. n. Circle: Glyphidrilus peninsularis sp. n. Variation. Body length 40–71 mm (57.06±20.50), with 152–252 segments. Wings always in 18–19 (covering 2 segments), clitellum in 16, 17–23, 24 (covering 6–9 segments). Genital markings always absent. Habitat. Found on the shore but in proximity to the river water, in the sandy loam topsoil with 65% sand, 35% silt, with pH 7.2, and also under the water at about 5–10 cm in depth. The bank of river was covered with worm casts at Air Banun Pandig, Perak , Malaysia and at Kratu Waterfall, Kratu, Phuket , Thailand . Distribution. The new species is known from the type locality, Air Banun Pandig, Perak , Malaysia and from a muddy swamp near Kratu waterfall, Kratu, Phuket , Thailand . Remarks. This athecal species is quite distinct from others of the genus, which typically have several spermathecae per segment in several segments and wings on more than two segments. Among the species bearing spermathecae, G. malayanus from the Malay Peninsula is most similar to G. bisegmentus sp. n. in the location of the clitellum. However, the other characters are specifically different. Glyphidrilus malayanus has longer wings in 17, ¾18, 18–⅓21, ⅓22, 22 and spermathecae in 14/15–16/17. Glyphidrilus bisegmentus sp. n. differs from the Laotian athecal G. vangviengensis by the following characteristics: G. vangviengensis has longer wings in 24, 25–31, 32, and longer clitellum in 19, 20–35, 36, 37 ( Table 1 ). Material of other species examined for comparison. Glyphidrilus malayanus Michaelsen, 1902: 35 : one clitellate ( syntype ZMH V5875 ); type locality: Malay Peninsula , Lubock Paku , Pahang River . Glyphidrilus vangviengensis Panha & Chanabun, 2011: 216 , Figs. 1–3 ; one clitellate ( holotype CUMZ 3221 ) and 10 clitellates ( paratypes CUMZ 3222 ) ; type locality: river banks of Song River at Vangvieng, Veintiane Province , Laos .