3 D X-ray microscopy (Micro-CT) and SEM reveal Zospeum troglobalcanicum Absolon, 1916 and allied species from the Western Balkans (Ellobioidea: Carychiidae) Author Jochum, Adrienne E2AD3AF2-ECC1-4DC3-BF5F-5C411AA946B3 Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum, Senckenberganlage 25, D- 60325 Frankfurt / M., Germany. nne.jochum@senckenberg.de Author Michalik, Peter FAEE4B6B-80F5-4452-9ED2-08CA38DFC1F9 Zoological Institute and Museum, University of Greifswald, Loitzer Strasse 26, D- 17489 Greifswald, Germany. michalik@uni-greifswald.de Author Inäbnit, Thomas 95F0148B-E147-4EB9-903A-6EEA7F55EB47 Institute for Biochemistry & Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24 - 25, House 26, D- 14476 Potsdam, Germany. inaebnit.thomas@gmail.com Author Kneubühler, Jeannette A42A773F-9C7C-4681-B861-B354A330DC4F Naturhistorisches Museum Bern, Bernastrasse 15, CH- 3005 Bern, Switzerland. & Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, CH- 3012 Bern, Switzerland. jeannette.kneubuehler@nmbe.ch Author Slapnik, Rajko 09E86269-966B-49E6-AB92-31B66968DC0D ZOSPEUM, Molluscs, Cave & Karst Biological Consulting, Drnovškova pot 2, Mekinje, SI 1240 Kamnik, Slovenia. rajko.slapnik@gmail.com Author Vrabec, Marko 00C5A26B-6E4A-41D9-BC9B-F36A2799E1AF Department of Geology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering, Aškerčeva 12, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia. marko.vrabec@geo.ntf.uni-lj.si Author Schilthuizen, Menno 683D0AB7-CDD8-4FAA-94B6-436F3BFB8873 Naturalis Biodiversity Center and Leiden University, Vondellaan 55, NL- 2332 AA Leiden, The Netherlands. menno.schilthuizen@naturalis.nl Author Ruthensteiner, Bernhard 9A8A56B0-19FA-42AB-A85E-4FCA98BF4A6F SNSB - Zoologische Staatssammlung München (ZSM), 81247 München, Germany. ruthensteiner@snsb.de text European Journal of Taxonomy 2024 2024-03-20 926 1 62 https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2469/10973 journal article 10.5852/ejt.2024.926.2469 4511b4bd-f026-49d3-9d4d-a39875e75cc5 2118-9773 10847806 A00D7669-2151-46AE-A066-9AF4D0F2BEEE Zospeum amplioscutum Jochum & Ruthensteiner sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 870FA5D2-6A9A-43AA-A533-B25CFC89A96D Fig. 9 Diagnosis Shell ca 1.30–1.36 mm , conical with 5½ irregularly convex whorls; peristome thickly callused on columellar side causing it to project beyond plane of shell (ventral side view); parietal shield well defined, positioned conspicuously high on body whorl and heavily callused; columella slender (aperture facing right) ( Fig. 9D ) with two weak, incomplete lamellae. Last ¼ of body whorl elongate on ventral side. Etymology This species is named after the characteristic, large and heavily callused parietal shield. Fig. 9. Zospeum amplioscutum Jochum & Ruthensteiner sp. nov. , (NHMW Mol.Coll.Edlauer 19.069) with sample labels. A . Light microscopic images of paratype (NHMW Mol.Coll.Edlauer 19.069), apertural and dorsal views. B . Light microscopic images of holotype (NHMW Mol.Coll.Edlauer 19.069), aperture and dorsal views. C–H . 3D visualizations of X-ray Micro-CT data of holotype (NHMW Mol. Coll.Edlauer 19.069). C . Aperture view. D . Aperture facing right view. E . Apical view. F . Dorsal view. G . Aperture facing left view. H . Ventral view showing coiling projecting high up on shell and peristome oblique to umbilicus. Type material Holotype CROATIA • ( Fig. 9B ); “Adria, Insel Brać (Brazza) Bazgova jama, com. Kuščer” [ Adriatic , Island of Brać , Jama Bazdovača , communication with Kuščer]; [ 43.2918° N , 16.6469° E ]; NHMW Mol.Coll. Edlauer 19.069. Paratype CROATIA • 1 spec. ( Fig. 9A ); same collection data as for holotype; NHMW Mol.Coll. Edlauer 19.069 . Description MEASUREMENTS . Holotype : sh: 1.362 mm ; sw: 0.966 mm ; ah: 0.631 mm ; aw: 0.574 mm ; hlw: 0.808 mm ; SA: 63.28 deg. Paratype (N = 1): sh: 1.304 mm ; sw: 0.940 mm ; ah: 0.608 mm ; aw: 0.609 mm ; hlw: 0.804 mm ; SA: 63.53 deg. Shell conical, height 1.30–1.36 mm with 5½ irregularly convex whorls bearing numerous, course irregular growth lines; aperture lunate-reniform; peristome narrow on upper palatal side, pronounced notch present at upper junction with parietal shield, lower columellar side of peristome rounded and thickly callused, causing it to project beyond plane of shell (aperture facing left), rim narrowly reflected with some low, irregular ribbing behind basal-palatal part; rim recedes ca ⅛ width of penultimate whorl; parietal shield long, angular, thickly callused, extending ⅓ to ½ the height of the body whorl, with a curved edge at point of maximum whorl convexity; columella centrally aligned, slender with hint of two weak incomplete lamellae, the first tightly positioned under the penultimate whorl, the second, a wider band loosely positioned below it, and a slight bulge at base; umbilical region callused with a shallow depression; (ventral view) columellar side of peristome positioned high, arching above and to the right of umbilical depression, alignment of last ¼ whorl elongate, not compact. Distribution This species is only known from its type locality, Jama Bazdovača on the Croatian Island of Brać. Remarks Though Z. amplioscutum Jochum & Ruthensteiner sp. nov. resembles Z. simplex , the heavily callused parietal shield and the degree of its extension onto the body whorl differs from that of this species. It is smaller, has a wider spire angle and a substantially more textured teleoconch due to the numerous, course irregular growth lines in comparison to that of Z. simplex . Zospeum simplex does not have a second lamella on the columella (aperture facing right) ( Fig. 18B ) but weak ripples of a potential double one ( Fig. 18D ) or a stronger, incomplete single one in dorsal view ( Fig. 18J ). The narrow columella ( Fig. 9C–D ) and the elongation of the last whorl further beyond the umbilical depression (ventral side) additionally differentiate Z. amplioscutum from Z. simplex .