A new species-complex within the trapdoor spider genus Nemesia Audouin 1826 distributed in northern and central Italy, with descriptions of three new species (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Nemesiidae) Author Decae, Arthur Author Pantini, Paolo Author Isaia, Marco text Zootaxa 2015 4059 3 525 540 journal article 39212 10.11646/zootaxa.4059.3.5 2e3fe8ec-8bad-4fec-8cfd-88187cdb1062 1175-5326 242430 A5EB4A18-8386-41EB-99F5-115F24E7165C Nemesia pedemontana n. sp. ( Figs 4 E, F, 7) Type material. ITALY : Piemonte Holotype : nr. NHMB .164, 1(m): Province of Torino, loc. Maglione, 45.34°N , 8.00°E , alt. 314m , mixed deciduous forest, leg. Isaia, Paschetta, 15.X. 2011 , rep. MCSNB . Paratypes : ITALY : Piemonte: nr. NHMB .165, 1(f), loc. as holotype , rep. MCSNB ; nr. NMHB .162, 1(m); nr. NHMB .198, 1(f), loc. Torino, Venaria Reale, Parco Regionale La Mandria, 45.13°N , 7.63°E , alt. 261m , escarpment in oak wood, leg. Isaia, Paschetta, 30.IX.2011 ; nr. NHMB .204, 1(f), loc. Canale, 44.83°N , 8.00°E , alt. 264m , leg. Chiarle, Franco, 30.X.2011 ; nr. NHMB .202 1(f), loc. Montafia, 45.02°N , 8.03°E , alt. 314m , leg. Isaia, Paschetta, 28.XI.2011 . All deposited at MCSNB . Other material examined. Piemonte: Province of Alessandria, Cartosio, 44.59°N , 8.41°E , alt. 293m , leg. Isaia and Paschetta, 4(f), 10.X.2011 , rep. CI; Cassinelle, 44.60°N , 8.56°E , alt. 402m , woodland, leg. Isaia, Paschetta, 1(f) 10.X.2011 , rep. MCSNB . Province of Asti, Montafia, 45.02°N , 8.03°E , alt. 314m , leg. Isaia, Paschetta, 2(f), 28.XI.2011 , rep. CI. Province of Cuneo, Canale, 44.83°N , 8.00°E , alt. 264m , leg. Chiarle, Franco, 3(f), 30.X.2011 , rep. CI; Canale, SCI Oasi di San Nicolao, 44.83°N , 7.99°E , alt. 296m , leg. Chiarle, 2(f), 30.X.2011 , rep. CI; Cortemilia, 44.61°N , 8.19°E , alt. 293m , leg. Isaia, Paschetta, 2(f), 10.X.2011 , rep. CI; Roccaforte di Mondovi, 44.31°N , 7.75°E , alt. 525m , leg. Isaia, Mammola, Paschetta, 2(f), 19.VII.2012 , rep. CI. Province of Torino, loc. Maglione, 45.34°N , 8.00°E , alt. 314m , leg. Isaia, Paschetta, 1(m), 6(f), 15.X.2011 , rep. CI; Parco della Collina di Superga, 45.07°N , 7.76°E , alt. 497m , mixed broadleaf woodland, leg. Isaia, Paschetta, Giuliano, 3(f), 2.XI.2011 , rep. CI; Parco della Rimembranza, 45.01°N , 7.71°E , alt. 560m , woodland, leg. Isaia, Rizzioli, Pantini, Chiarle, 8(f), 23.VI.2011 , rep. CI & MCSNB ; loc. Venaria Reale, Parco Regionale La Mandria, 45.10°N , 7.61°E , alt. 300m , woodland, leg. Isaia, Paschetta, 2(m)7(f), 26.X.2011 , rep. CI. Province of Vercelli, Trino Vercellese, Parco Naturale Regionale del Bosco delle Sorti della Partecipanza, 45.22°N , 8.25°E , alt. 150m , broad leaved wood, leg. Isaia, Paschetta, 4(m)18(f)3(j), 15.X.2011 , rep. CI. Emilia-Romagna: Province of Bologna, Imola, Riserva Naturale Bosco della Frattona, alt. 100m , 44.35°N , 11.66°E , woodland, leg. Fabbri, 1(m), 10.VIII–9.IX.2000 , 4(m) 4(j), 9.IX–13.X.2000 (pt), rep. MCSNB . Province of Forli-Cesena, Bagno di Romagna, Parco Nazionale Foreste Casentinesi, Seghettina, alt. 570m , 43.85°N , 11.82°E , leg. Scaravelli & Bertozzi, 1(m), IX.1997 (pt), rep. MCSNB ; Meldola, Riserva Naturale Bosco di Scardavilla, alt. 80–120m , 44.14°N , 12.04°E , woodland, leg. Fabbri, 2(f), 15.IV–12.V.1998 , 1(m), 20.VIII– 16.IX.1998 (pt), rep. MCSNB ; Premilcuore, Parco Nazionale Foreste Casentinesi, alt. 730m , 43.93°N , 11.78°E , meadow, leg. Scaravelli & Bertozzi, 3(m), 3.IX.1997 (pt), rep. MCSNB ; Santa Sofia, Parco Nazionale Foreste Casentinesi, 43.89°N , 11.72°E , leg. Bertozzi, 1(f), 5.VIII.1997 , 2(m), 26.IX.1997 , (pt), rep. MCSNB ; S.Paolo in Alpe, alt. 1020m , 43.87°N , 11.79°E , leg. Bertozzi, 1(f), 5.VIII.1997 , leg. Scaravelli & Bertozzi, 2(m)1(j), 26.IX.1997 (pt), rep. MCSNB . Province of Rimini, Gemmano, Riserva Naturale Orienta di Onferno, alt. 280– 530m , 43.86°N , 12.54°E , 1(m), 24.VIII–29.IX.2000 , leg. Fabbri, 8(m), 29.IX–3XI.2000 , leg. Fabbri, 20(m), 21X– 22.XI.2002 , leg. Bertozzi and Fabbri, 2(m), 22.XI–24.XII.2002 (pt), rep. MCSNB . Umbria : Province of Perugia, Nocera Umbra, Colle Aprico, alt. 700m , 43.11°N , 12.78°E , leg. Buttarelli, Ghilardi, Pantini, Valle, 4(m)2(j), VI–XII.1991 , (pt), rep. MCSNB ; San Giustino, sopra Lama, alt. 400m , 43.55°N , 12.71°E , leg. Pantini, Valle, 1(m), IX.1992 – VI.1993 (pt), rep. MCSNB . Marche: Province of Ascoli Piceno, Montemonaco, Isola San Biagio, alt. 990m , 42.90°N , 13.30°E , leg. Rismondo & Fabbri, 13(m), 27.VII–1IX.2004 (pt), rep. MCSNB ; Macerata, Fiuminata, alt. 600m , 43.13°N , 12.84°E , leg. Pantini & Valle, 1(m), IX.1992 – VI.1993 (pt), rep. MCSNB . Abruzzo: Province of L’Aquila, Barisciano, Gran Sasso, San Colombo alt. 1100m , 42.33°N , 13.59°E , oak wood, leg. Marotta & Zuppa, 1(m), 5.III.2003 (pt) rep. MCSNB . Province of Teramo, Isola del Gran Sasso d’Italia, alt. 900m , 42.47°N , 13.68°E , woods leg. Marotta, 2(m)1(j), 7.X.2003 , leg. Marotta and Metin, 3(m), 26.X.2002 (pt) rep. MCSNB ; Monti dela Laga, Valle Casellana, alt. 800m , 42.74°N , 13.53°E , woods, leg. Marotta, 1(f), 11.VII.2003 (pt), rep. NHMR . Molise: Province of Campobasso, Casacalenda, alt. 630–760m , 41.73°N , 14.85°E , leg. Battista, 5(m) 1– 28.IX.2005 , 22(m), 28.IX–15.X.2005 , 77(m) 15–30.X.2005 , 5(m), 30.X–15.XI.2005 (pt), rep. CT and MCSNB . Toscana: Province of Firenze, Marradi, Pont Valle, alt. 500m , 44.08°N , 11.60°E , leg. Usvelli,1(f), 27.IX.2002 , rep. NHMR . Province of Siena, Colle di Val d’Elsa, alt. 350m , 43.46°N , 10.99°E , leg. Decae, 1(f), 27.IX.2002 , rep. NHMR . San Marino : Castello della Città di San Marino , Mulini fosso di Canepa, alt. 300m , 43.93°N , 12.47°E , woodland, leg. Casali, 4(m), X.2001 , leg. Fabbri, 1(f), 28.IV–25.V.2010 (pt), rep. MCSNB . Diagnosis ( Fig. 7 ). Males differ from those of other species in the N. apenninica group by the long, slender lightly sigmoid curved embolus ( Fig. 7 A), its dorsally regular curve ( Fig. 7 B), its gradually narrowing tip and the sharp origin of the embolus, best seen in prolateral view ( Fig. 7 D). Spermathecae composed of two slender, proximally diverging, centrally twisted receptacles. Proximal part widest. Distal part distinctly bipartite with proximal tube and distally lightly inflated dead end ( Fig. 7 E). FIGURE 7. Nemesia pedemontana n. sp. , camera lucida drawings (as in Fig. 5) of right male palpal organ (A–D) and female spermathecae (E). Distribution of glandular tissue as in N. apenninica . Description . Male holotype . Measurements: BL=11.8, CL=4.3, CW=3.4, Ca=2.5, Pa=5.3, L1=11.7, L2=10.3, L3=9.3, L4=13.7. Similar to N. appenninica except as noted. Carapace : slightly more elongate (CL/CW=1.3, CL/ Ca=1.7), color more pronounced than in N. hastensis , and darker, with strongly contrasting dark and lighter zones, dark parts distinctly mottled, CZ wedge shaped, warm brown, wide and truncated behind eyes and gradually narrowing towards fovea ( Fig. 4 F), thoracic part with distinct central grey leaf-pattern with peripheral yellow zones, fovea somewhat irregular shaped, central groove small, clypeus, darker than in previous two species, bristles less developed than in previous two species, absent along carapace edges, pubescence fine silver grey. Eyes : compactly grouped on and around a steep, anteriorly light colored, process (l/w=1.3), lateral eyes larger than median eyes, ALE largest (ALE/PLE=1.2), AER slightly shorter than PER (AER/PER=0.96), light patch between ALE, POP not uniform black. Chelicerae : dorsal dark greenish black with lighter colored glabrous zones, distribution of bristles and structure of rastellum as in previous two species. Maxillae : (l/w=1.8), ventrally grayish brown further as N. hastensis . Labium : (l/w=0.6), darker than maxillae contrasting with other ventral parts, further as in previous two species. Sternum : (l/w=1.3) bright yellow with distinct dark edge, sigilla less visible than in N. hastensis . Legs : color pattern distinct from previous two species with dorsally dark colored femora and more conspicuous glabrous, longitudinal zones on patellae, segments laterally and ventrally much lighter with glabrous longitudinal zones on femora, spine patterns, pubescence, scopulae, claspers and claws as in N. hastensis . Palps : color and bristle pattern as legs, tibia (l/w=1.9) slightly curved upward and less inflated than in N. hastensis . Palporgan : see Fig. 7 A, D. Abdomen : distinctly darker and more intensely colored ventrally gray otherwise similar previous two species. Spinnerets : darker and more intensely colored than in N. hastensis , otherwise similar. Female paratype . Measurements: BL=17.5, CL=5.8, CW=4.3, Ca 3.5, Pa=8.5, L1=12.8, L2=11.5, L3=10.7, L4=17.1. Similar to N. appenninica except as noted. Carapace : shape as in N. hastensis (CL/CW=1.3, CL/Ca=1.6), color generally darker than in females of previous two species ( Fig. 4 E) with dark parts more distinctly mottled than in N. hastensis , CZ caudally more sharply tapering than in both previously described species, fovea, bristles and pubescence as in previous two species. Eyes : as in N. hastensis (l/w=1.2), laterals larger than medians, POP connecting all eyes, ALE largest (ALE/PLE=1.3), AER slightly longer than PER (AER/PER=1.02). Maxillae : (l/ w=1, 9). Labium : (l/w=0.5). Sternum : (l/w=1.3). Abdomen : with large dorsal central light colored patch. Spinnerets : similar in color to ventral abdomen. Spermathecae ( Fig. 7 E): general three-partite composition and distribution of glandular tissue. Variation in type sample. Males (n=2): BL=11.8–13.2, CL=4.3–4.9, Pa=5.3–6.5, L1=11.7–13.5, L2=10.3– 12.4, L3=9.3–11.1, L4=13.7–16.0. Ratio ranges CL/CW=1.2–1.3, CL/Ca=1.6–1.8, Eye-group l/w=1.3, ALE/ PLE=1.2, AER/PER=1.0. Females (n=4): BL=17.5–23.2, CL=5.8–6.9, Pa=8.5–10.6, L1=12.8–15.0, L2=11.5–13.8, L3=10.7–12.9, L4=17.1–19.5. Ratio ranges CL/CW=1.2–1.3, CL/Ca=1.6, Eye-group l/w=1.2–1.3, ALE/PLE=0.9–1.3, AER/ PER=1.0. Etymology. The species name is derived from the Latin adjective pedemontanum (at the foot of the mountains), from which the region of Piemonte takes its name, and where the type series was collected.